Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900

Li, Yicheng, He, Yanbiao & Chen, Huayan, 2024, An annotated catalog of Evanioidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from China, Zootaxa 5468 (1), pp. 75-111 : 82-84

2.2 Genus Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900

Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900: 813 [descr., type species: Pristaulacus chlapowskii Kieffer , designated by Kieffer, 1903b].

Pristaulacus : Kieffer, 1903b: 455 [descr.]; 1910: 350[descr.]; 1911: 215 [in key]; 1912: 376–377 [descr.]; Bradley, 1908: 121 [in key]; Hedicke, 1939: 4 [in catalog]; Konishi, 1990: 638 [in key], 641–643 [descr., key to Japanese species of genus Pristaulacus ; Fig. 4.]; Alekseev, 1995: 39 [spp. of Russian Far East]; Smith, 2001: 277–278 [taxonomy history]; Turrisi, 2006: 28 [it’s distinguished from genera Aulacus and Panaulix of Afrotropical Aulacidae ]; Turrisi, 2007: 10–11 [taxonomy history and remarks]; Sun & Sheng, 2007a: 216 [diag.]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 53–54 [redescr.]; Watanabe et al., 2013: 188–189 [key to Japanese species of genus Pristaulacus ]; Chen et al., 2016: 85–87 [key to Chinese species of Pristaulacus ]; Pham et al., 2024: 214–215 [diag.].

Panaulix : Benoit, 1984: 800 [descr.]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 54 [synonym of Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900 ]. Type species: Panaulix rex Benoit, 1984 .

Number of valid species from China: 20.

(1) Pristaulacus albitarsatus Sun & Sheng, 2007

Pristaulacus albitarsatus : Sun & Sheng, 2007a: 216–217 [descr.; holotype, ♀, SFPS], 218 [figs. 1–2]. Turrisi et al., 2009: 56 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 87[diag.], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Henan) ( Sun & Sheng 2007a).

Biology. Host unknown.

(2) Pristaulacus asiaticus Turrisi & Smith, 2011

Pristaulacus asiaticus : Turrisi & Smith, 2011: 9 [in key], 10–12 [descr., figs 3–9; holotype, ♂, CAS]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 88[diag.], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map], Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Hubei) ( Turrisi & Smith 2011; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(3) Pristaulacus calidus Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016 ;

Pristaulacus calidus : Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 88–90 [descr., figs 13–23; holotype, ♂, IZCAS, IOZE 1903971], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Yunnan) ( Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(4) Pristaulacus centralis Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016

Pristaulacus centralis : Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 90–94 [descr., figs. 24–34; holotype, ♂, IZCAS, IOZE 1903961], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Hubei) ( Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(5) Pristaulacus comptipennis Enderlein, 1912

Pristaulacus comptipennis : Enderlein, 1912: 265 [descr.; holotype, ♀, SDEI, Taiwan; paratype, 7♀♀, SDEI, Taiwan]; Enderlein, 1913: 319 [in checklist], 326 [descr.]; Hedicke, 1939: 7 [in catalog]; Konishi, 1990: 640 [fig. 2F, head in dorsal view], 642 [fig. 3E, head in lateral view], 643 [in key], 645 [fig. 5H, fore wing], 648 [fig. 6F, right hind wing], 649 [fig. 7D, inner view of right parameres], 652–653 [descr.]; 1991: 564 [wing]; Smith, 2001: 282 [in catalog]; Turrisi, 2007: 28–32 [redescr., figs. 8, 28, 48, 68, 85, 102 and 115]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 56 [in checklist]; Turrisi & Smith, 2011: 10 [in key], 14–17 [figs. 19–27]; Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 94–96 [diag., figs. 35–44; lectotype, 3♀♀, SDEI; paralectotypes, 2♀♀, SDEI, Taiwan Hoozan; 1♀, SDEI; 1♀, SDEI, Taiwan, Hoozan; 2♀♀, SDEI, Taiwan, Anping; 1♀, SDEI, Taiwan, Kankau Koshun; 2♀♀, SDEI, USNM, Taiwan, Kosempo; 1♀, SDEI, Taiwan, Kosempo; 2♂♂, SDEI, USNM, Taiwan, Kosempo; 7♂♂, SDEI, Taiwan, Kosempo;, 2♀♀, 2♂♂, SDEI, Taiwan, Tainan; 2♀♀, SDEI, Taiwan, Taihorin; 1♀, ZMHU, Taiwan, Hoozan; 2♀♀, ZMHU, Taiwan, Taihorish; 1♀ 2♂, ZMHU, Taiwan; 1♀, HNHM, Taiwan, Taihorinsho; 3♀♀, HNHM, Taiwan, Kosempo; 1♀, LACM, Taiwan; 1♀, NHRS, Taiwan, Hoozan labelled as “Cotypus”; 1♂, USNM, Taiwan, Keelung; 1♀, IZCAS, Hainan, IOZE 1903947; 1♀, SCAU, Hunan; 1♀, USNM, Hong Kong; 1♀, TCUC, Hong Kong], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Hunan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Hainan), Korea, Japan, Laos ( Turrisi & Smith 2011; Choi et al. 2013; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host: Ceresium elongatum Matsushita, 1933 ( Coleoptera : Cerambycidae ) ( Konishi, 1991) and Olenecamptus bilobus nipponensis Dillon & Dillon ( Coleoptera : Cerambycidae ) ( Turrisi & Smith 2011).

(6) Pristaulacus excisus Turner, 1922

Pristaulacus excisus Turner, 1922: 271 [descr.; holotype, ♀, NHMUK, Vietnam]; Hedicke 1939: 7 [in checklist]; Smith, 2001: 283 [in catalog]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 57 [in checklist]; Turrisi & Smith, 2011: 25–27 [redescr., figs. 55–63]; Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 97–98 [diag., figs 45–55; 2♂♂, IZCAS, IOZ E 1903963, 1903964], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Guangxi), Vietnam ( Turner 1922; Turrisi & Smith 2011; Chen et al. 2016; Pham et al. 2024).

Biology. Host unknown.

(7) Pristaulacus fopingi Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016

Pristaulacus fopingi : Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 98–101[descr., figs. 56–65; holotype, ♂, IZCAS, IOZ E 190362], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Shaanxi) ( Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(8) Pristaulacus intermedius Uchida, 1932

Pristaulacus intermedius : Uchida, 1932: 190 [descr.]; Hedicke, 1939: 11 [in catalog]; Smith, 2001: 288 [in catalog]; Turrisi, 2007: 48–50 [redescr., figs. 14, 34, 54, 74, 88 and 115]; Lee & Turrisi, 2008: 115–117 [female, diag., figs. 1–11]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 57 [in checklist]; Smith & Tripotin, 2011: 523–526 [diag., figs. 11–16, additional type information]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 102–104 [diag., figs 66–75; 2♀♀, IZCAS, IOZE 1903965, 1903967, Jilin; 1♀, IZCAS, IOZE1903966, Yunnan; 1♀, OLML, Shaanxi], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Yunnan), Japan, South Korea ( Smith 2001; Lee & Turrisi 2008; Smith & Tripotin 2011; Chen et al. 2016; Pham et al. 2024).

Biology. Host: Chlorophorus japonicus Chevrolat, 1863 ( Coleoptera : Cerambycidae ) ( Uchida 1932).

(9) Pristaulacus iosephi Turrisi & Madl, 2013

Pristaulacus iosephi : Turrisi & Madl, 2013: 239–242 [descr., figs. 10–19; holotype, ♀, BPBM, No.388]; Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 104–106 [diag., figs 76–87; paratype, 1♀, IZCAS, IOZE1903954], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 215 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Yunnan), Thailand ( Turrisi & Madl 2013; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(10) Pristaulacus karinulus Smith, 2001

Pristaulacus karinulus : Smith, 2001: 288 [in catalog]; Sun & Sheng, 2007a:219 [Chinese specimen information]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 57 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 106–107 [diag., 1♀, Taiwan, labelled as syntypus of P. kiefferi, SDEI ], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Pristaulacus kiefferi : Enderlein, 1912: 266–267 [descr., holotype, ♂, SDEI, ♀], [preoccupied by Bradley 1908].

Distribution. China (Henan, Jiangsu, Taiwan), India ( Smith 2001; Sun & Sheng 2007a; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(11) Pristaulacus longicornis Kieffer, 1911

Pristaulacus longicornis : Kieffer, 1911: 230 [descr.; holotype, ♀, NHMUK]; Kieffer, 1912: 386–387 [descr.], 387 [hind wing, fig. 76]; Hedicke, 1939: 12 [in catalog]; Smith, 2001: 289 [in catalog]; Turrisi, 2007: 54–55 [redescr., figs. 17, 37, 57, 77 and 117]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 57 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 107 [diag.]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (unknown detail location) ( Kieffer 1911; Turrisi 2007; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(12) Pristaulacus memnonius Sun & Sheng, 2007

Pristaulacus memnonius : Sun & Sheng, 2007a: 217 [descr.], 218 [figs. 3–4; holotype, ♀, SFPS; paratype, 1♀, SFPS]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 57 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 107–108 [diag.], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Henan) ( Sun & Sheng, 2007a).

Biology. Host unknown.

(13) Pristaulacus nobilei Turrisi & Smith, 2011

Pristaulacus nobilei : Turrisi & Smith, 2011: 41–43 [descr., figs. 109–117; holotype, ♀, ZMHU, Guangdong; paratype, 1♀, USNM, China; 3♀♀, NHMUK, Macao; 1♀, USNM, Hongkong, No. 2046975]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 108 [diag.], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Jiangsu, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao) ( Turrisi & Smith 2011; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(14) Pristaulacus obscurus Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016

Pristaulacus obscurus : Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 108–110 [descr., figs 88–98; holotype, ♀, IZCAS, IOZE 1903948; paratype, 1♀, IZCAS, IOZE 1903949], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Yunnan) ( Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(15) Pristaulacus pieli Kieffer, 1924

Pristaulacus pieli : Kieffer, 1924: 79–80 [descr., holotype, ♀, note that this species collected in Kou-ling, KiangSi of China]; Hedicke, 1939: 14 [in catalog]; Smith, 2001: 294 [in checklist]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 58 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 110–111 [diag. no type material examined], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]. Note: according to the record of the original article by Kieffer (1924) the distribution of this species is Jiangxi, not Jiangsu, which was erroneously recorded by Chen et al. (2016); Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Jiangxi) ( Kieffer 1924; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(16) Pristaulacus porcatus Sun & Sheng, 2007

Pristaulacus porcatus : Sun & Sheng, 2007a: 217–219 [descr., holotype, ♀, SFPS; paratype, SFPS, 1♀], 218 [figs. 3–4]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 58 [in checklist]; Turrisi & Smith, 2011: 43–46 [redescr., figs.118–126]; Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 11–112 [diag.], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Henan) ( Sun & Sheng 2007a; Turrisi & Smith 2011; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(17) Pristaulacus pseudoiosephi Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016

Pristaulacus pseudoiosephi : Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 112–114 [descr., figs. 99–110, holotype, ♀, IZCAS, IOZE 1903953; paratype, 2♀♀, IZCAS, IOZE 1903951, 1903952], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map].119 [distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Guangxi, Yunnan) ( Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(18) Pristaulacus rufipes Enderlein, 1912

Pristaulacus rufipes : Enderlein, 1912: 266 [descr, holotype, ♀, SDEI]; Hedicke, 1939: 15 [in catalog]; Smith, 2001: 295 [in checklist]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 58 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 114–116 [redescr., paratype, 1♂, TCUC, Taiwan], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Taiwan) ( Enderlein 1912; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.

(19) Pristaulacus rufobalteatus Cameron, 1907

Pristaulacus rufobalteatus : Cameron, 1907: 222–223 [descr., holotype, ♀, NHMUK, India]; Smith 2001: 297 [in checklist]; Turrisi et al., 2009: 58 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 86 [in key], 116–118 [redescr. figs. 112–121, paratype, 3♀♀, IZCAS, IOZE 1903968, 1903969, 1903970], 119 [figs. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Gansu, Yunnan), India, Thailand ( Cameron 1907; Chen et al. 2016; Pham et al. 2024).

Biology. Host unknown.

(20) Pristaulacus zhejiangensis He & Ma, 2002

Pristaulacus zhejiangensis : He et al., 2002: 150–151 [descr., fig. 2; holotype, ♀, ZJU, No. 826802; paratype, 1♀, ZJU, No. 843798]; Turrisi et al. 2009: 59 [in checklist]; Chen et al., 2016: 87 [in key], 119–120 [redescr., paratype, 1♀, SEMC, No. 34008303; SCAU, 1♀], 119 [fig. 122, distribution map]; Pham et al., 2024: 216 [in checklist].

Distribution. China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan) ( He et al. 2002; Chen et al. 2016).

Biology. Host unknown.