Vismia japurensis Reichardt (1878: 209)

Cabral, Fernanda Nunes, Bittrich, Volker & Hopkins, Michael John Gilbert, 2017, Clusiaceae s. l. (Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae s. s. and Hypericaceae) in the Viruá National Park, Roraima, Brazil, Phytotaxa 329 (1), pp. 1-27 : 20

8.2 Vismia japurensis Reichardt (1878: 209) ( Fig. 7A–B )

Type:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Prov. do Alto Amazonas in silva ad ripas fluminis Japurá, s.d., fl., C. F. P. Martius s.n. (syntypes: M, barcodes 0112247, 0112245, 0112246, 0112244, 0112243).

Shrubs up to 2 m. Exudate orange. Lamina coriaceous, oval, 12.3–15.4 × 5.7–6.3 cm, apex acute and acuminate, base rounded, with dark glands conspicuous abaxially; abaxial surface rusty tomentose, with rusty-brown stellate trichomes, adaxial surface glabrous; secondary veins prominent, conspicuous on both surfaces, 11–13 pairs, distant 7.0– 20.8 mm; petiole 10.3–13.3 mm long. Inflorescences with ca. 15 flowers. Sepals 7.7–10.0 × 3.9–5.4 mm, rusty tomentose. Petals 11.9–15.0 × 4.8–5.0 mm, yellowish cream, with linear orange-brown glands abaxially. Fascicles of stamens deciduous with petals, stamens numerous, ca. 50 in each fascicle. Fruit ellipsoid to cylindrical, 1–1.7 × 0.8–0.9, sepals rigid, adpressed to the fruit, style persistent. Seeds not seen.

Phenology:—Flowering May and September–October; fruiting July and October to February.

Distribution and habitat:— Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela. In Brazil, it occurs in the north region (states of Pará, Amazonas and Roraima), and in central-west region (state of Mato Grosso). This is a new record for the state of Roraima. In VNP, it occurs in white-sand vegetation.

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Roraima: Caracaraí, Viruá National Park, 16 September 2010, fl., Cabral et al. 281 (INPA).

Additional specimens:— BRAZIL. Amazonas : Rio Xié, 9 May 1973, fl., Silva et al. 1420 ( INPA) ; Manaus , 13 February 1962, fr., Rodrigues et al. 4205 ( INPA). Pará: Santarém, Alter do Chão, 12 December 1978, fr., Maciel et al. 291 ( INPA) . GUIANA. Elevation 50 m, 5º58’N, 5º30’W, 1 January 1987, fr., Pipoly 9593 ( INPA) ; Ibid. , 02º53’S, 59º58’W, 19 July 1994, fr., Ribeiro et al. 1341 ( INPA) ; Ibid. , 02º53’S, 59º58’W, 24 October 1994, fr., Sothers et al. 236 ( INPA) .

Taxonomic notes:— Vismia japurensis is characterized by the broadly rounded leaf bases, the petals deciduous in fruit and by its large rigid sepals.

Figures

FIGURE 7. Vismia japurensis (A. Habit; B. Flower), Vismia laxiflora (C. Habit; D. Flower; E. Fruit) and Vismia macrophylla (F. Habit; G. Flower; photos from specimens collected in Serra Tepequem, Roraima, Brazil, Amaral & Bittrich 2015/01).