Empicoris montanus
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.279977 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6169941 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D78786-2E44-D122-13B6-44D4FEE22488 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Empicoris montanus |
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Empicoris montanus View in CoL Ishikawa, Truong et Okajima sp. nov.
( Figs. 1–20 View FIGURE 1 – 9 View FIGURE 10 – 20 )
Type material. Holotype: 3 ( Figs. 1–4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ), Vietnam, “Nui Xe, Sa Pa, Lao Cai, 1930 m alt., N22°21ʹ14ʺ E103°46ʹ34ʺ, 27. V. 2011, T. Ishikawa et al.” (TUA). Paratypes: 83 16Ƥ ( VAST and TUA) — [ Vietnam] Same data as holotype: 23 (one for Fig. 5 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) 1Ƥ. Lao Cai Province: 13 (for Figs. 10–18 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) 2Ƥ, Ta Phin, Sa Pa, 1360 m alt., N22°22ʹ45ʺ E103°50ʹ51ʺ, 24.v.2011, T. Ishikawa et al.; 3Ƥ, Ta Phin, Sa Pa, 1355 m alt., N22°24ʹ13ʺ E105°50ʹ15ʺ, 24.v.2011, T. Ishikawa et al.; 13 2Ƥ, Cat Cat, Sa Pa, 1280 m alt., N22°19ʹ36ʺ E103°49ʹ51ʺ, 25.v.2011, T. Ishikawa et al.; 1Ƥ, Sin Chai, Sa Pa, 1600 m alt., N22°20ʹ57ʺ E103°47ʹ56ʺ, 26.v.2011, T. Ishikawa et al. Vinh Phuc Province: 33 (one for Figs. 7–9 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) 6Ƥ (one for Fig. 6 View FIGURE 1 – 9 , other for Fig. 20 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ), Tam Dao, 970 m alt., N21°28ʹ24ʺ E105°38ʹ22ʺ, 30.v.2011, T. Ishikawa et al.; 13 1Ƥ (for Fig. 19 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ), Tam Dao, 1250 m alt., N21°27ʹ51ʺ E105°38ʹ45ʺ, 1.vi.2011, T. Ishikawa et al ..
Diagnosis. Recognized by a combination of the following characters: posterior lobe of head with small tubercle behind interocular furrow; eye large, exceeding (male) or just reaching (female) level of ventral surface of head in lateral view; posterior pronotal lobe with small, conical tubercle posteromedially ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ); height of posteromedial conical tubercle on posterior pronotal lobe about one-tenth as long as posterior pronotal lobe; lateral carina developed throughout length of posterior lobe, weakly bent at anterior one-third of its length ( Figs. 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ); scutellar spine long, nearly straight, produced posteriad; profemur about 16 times as long as its maximum width, ventrally with small spines only ( Figs. 10, 11 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ); metafemur decorated with about 16 blackish annulations, and with apicalmost blackish annulation about one-third as long as distal whitish part ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ); pygophoral posterior process wide, flattened dorsoventrally, weakly incised at middle of posterior margin ( Figs. 12–14 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ); vesica bifurcate, slender and very long ( Fig. 17 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ); and styloides covered with 4 to 10 setae in middle part of posterior margin, with each arm of styloides strongly widened subbasaly ( Figs. 19, 20 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ). Body length 4.45–5.45 mm.
Description. Male (holotype): Head and thorax blackish. Antennal segment I whitish, with about 12 complete and incomplete, blackish annulations; width of blackish annulations variable and irregular; apicalmost brownish annulation about 4 times as long as distal whitish part; segment II blackish, with about 9 whitish annulations; segments III and IV pale brown to brown, with extreme base of segment III pale. Rostrum ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) whitish to pale yellow, except basal half of segment II and apical half of segment III brownish; segment I ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) with 2 blackish annulations. Posterior pronotal lobe ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) brownish, irregularly pale on disc, whitish at humeri, with posterior margin whitish; posteromedial tubercle whitish. Propleuron ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) with area above acetabula and posterior margin whitish. Scutellum whitish along margin, with scutellar spine pale. Metathoracic spine whitish. Fore legs mostly brownish to dark brown; coxa pale, with brownish apical annulation and brownish ventral marking on basal onethird; femur ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) pale and irregularly mottled with small to large brownish spots on basal half, with pale annulations on middle, apical one-third and apex; tibia ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) pale in basal part, with pale narrow annulations on basal one-fifth and basal two-fifths, and pale wide annulation on apical three-tenths; tarsal segment I ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) pale; segment II ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) pale in basal one-third and brownish in apical two-thirds. Mesofemur pale yellow, with about 14 complete and incomplete, blackish annulations. Mesotibia pale yellow, apically brownish, with about 18 blackish annulations. Metafemur pale yellow, with about 16 complete and incomplete, blackish annulations; apicalmost blackish annulation ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) about one-third as long as distal whitish part. Metatibia pale yellow, apically brownish, with about 25 blackish annulations. Hemelytron ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) whitish to pale yellow, with irregular, small to large, dark spots; these spots within discal cell obscure, paler than those of other areas of hemelytorn; pterostigma ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) whitish, with 3 small spots brownish. Abdomen dark brown, becoming paler basad, and with spiracles pale. Setae on body and appendages whitish to pale yellow.
Head ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) a little shorter than width across eyes, sparsely covered with long, suberect setae intermixed partially with dense, short pubescence, and with small tubercle behind interocular furrow; anteoculus ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) as long as postoculus; interocular furrow ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) slightly arcuate posteriad. Eye ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) large, a little exceeding level of ventral surface of head in lateral view, 1.9 times as long as postoculus in lateral view, 1.6 times as wide as interocular space in dorsal view. Antennal segment I a little shorter than segment II, covered with long, erect setae intermixed with decumbent setae; longest setae about 3 times as long as maximum width of segment I; segments II, III, and IV covered with short, decumbent setae; approximate proportion of segments I to IV 7.9: 8.3: 3.0: 1.0. Rostrum sparsely covered with erect and suberect setae; approximate proportion of segments I to III 1.6: 1.0: 1.0.
Pronotum ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) 1.2 times as long as head, 1.05 times as long as humeral width; anterior lobe decorated with liner markings of dense pubescence ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ), and with central pit at center; posterior lobe twice as long as anterior lobe, 0.7 times as long as humeral width, with conical tubercle posteromedially ( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ); height of posteromedial conical tubercle about one-tenth as long as posterior pronotal lobe; lateral carina ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) low and wide, developed throughout length of posterior lobe, weakly bent at anterior one-third of its length, gradually more obscure posteriad. Scutellar spine long, nearly straight, produced posteriad, acute at apex. Metanotal spine erect, slightly curved posteriad, acute at apex. Fore leg ( Figs. 10, 11 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) covered with short to long, erect and suberect setae on coxa, trochanter and femur, and with short, suberect and decumbent setae on tibia and tarsus; coxa ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) a little longer than pronotum, about 7 times as long as its maximum width; femur ( Figs. 10, 11 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) slender, 2.2 times as long as coxa, about 16 times as long as its maximum width, with anteroventral and posteroventral series of spines; each series consisting of about 55 small spines; longest spines about 0.4 times as long as maximum width of profemur ( Fig. 11 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ); tibia ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) 0.8 times as long as femur; tarsus ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) about 0.2 times as long as tibia. Hemelytra exceeding apex of abdomen by about one-fourth of its length ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ); pterostigma ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ) well exceeding apex of discal cell.
Abdomen covered with dense, short pubescence; tergite I with erect spine; tergite VII with rounded posterior margin produced behind.
General structure of paratypes: Pygophore ( Figs. 12, 13 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) about 1.7 times as long as its width, 1.4 times as long as its height; posterior process ( Figs. 12–14 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) wide, flattened dorsoventrally, narrowed posteriad in ventral and lateral views, weakly incised at middle of posterior margin, with lateral margins arcuate inward; basal width of posterior process about 3 times as much as apical width; incision of posterior process about 0.15 times as deep as length of posterior process, about one-third as deep as maximum with of incision. Paramere ( Figs. 15, 16 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) rod-shaped, gently curved inward in apical one-third, gradually tapered in apical one-third, acute at apex in dorsal view, covered with setae of variable length in apical two-fifths. Phallotheca of phallus ( Figs. 17, 18 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) ovate in rest, sclerotized ventrally and laterally in apical half, with a pair of triangular sclerotized areas at basal one-fourth ventrolaterally ( Fig. 17 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ); struts ( Figs. 17, 18 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) slightly sinuate in lateral view, Y-shaped, widened in basal one-fourth and bifurcate in apical one-third in dorsal view; arm of struts ( Figs. 17, 18 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) slender, strongly curved downward. Vesica ( Fig. 17 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) bifurcate, slender and very long.
Female (paratypes): In general appearance, almost similar to male. Head as long as width across eyes. Anteoculus slightly shorter than postoculus. Eye just reaching level of ventral surface of head in lateral view, 1.3 times as long as postoculus in lateral view, 1.2 times as wide as interocular space in dorsal view. Antennal segment I covered with short, decumbent setae only; approximate proportion of antennal segments I to IV 7.2: 7.4: 2.6: 1.0. Dark spots within discal cell of hemelytron rather vivid, as dark as those of other areas of hemelytorn ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 1 – 9 ). Abdomen apically narrowed and rounded. Styloides ( Figs. 19, 20 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) V-shaped, broad, covered with 4 to 10 setae in middle part of posterior margin; each arm of styloides ( Fig. 19 View FIGURE 10 – 20 ) strongly widened subbasaly, abruptly constricted at base.
Measurements (holotype). Body length 4.68 [paratypes: 4.45–4.95 in male (n=8), 4.55–5.45 in female (n=16)]. Head length 0.54; width across eyes 0.64; interocular space 0.15. Antenna length 8.76; lengths of segments I, II, III and IV 3.41, 3.61, 1.32 and 0.42. Rostrum length 0.80; lengths of segments I, II and III 0.36, 0.22 and 0.22. Pronotum length 0.68; length of anterior lobe 0.21; of posterior lobe 0.47; width across humeri 0.66. Hemelytron length 4.43. Lengths of femur, tibia and tarsus of fore leg 1.60, 1.32 and 0.21; of mid leg 3.03, 4.15 and 0.17; of hind leg 4.50, 6.30 and 0.19, respectively. Abdomen length 3.03.
Distribution. Vietnam: Lao Cai and Vinh Phuc Provinces.
Etymology. From Latin, montanus , referring to the habitat of this new species; an adjective.
Remarks. In general appearance, this new species most resembles and is thought to be closely related to Empicoris eburneus Ishikawa et Okajima, 2007, known from Bali and eastern Java, Indonesia; but it is separable from the latter (its characters given in parentheses) by the height of the posteromedial conical tubercle about one-tenth as long as the posterior pronotal lobe (about one-fifth); the scutellar spine produced posteriad and nearly straight (oblique and bent upward at the middle); the apicalmost blackish annulation of the metafemur about one-third as long as the distal whitish part (about 1.5 times); and the pygophoral posterior process weakly incised at the middle of the posterior margin in ventral view (triangular and obtuse at the apex).
Biology. Specimens of this new species were mostly collected from living leaf clusters of broad-leaved trees in mountainous areas of northern Vietnam at a height of 970–1,930 meters above sea level. No other biological information is available.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.