Pieza ankh Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis

Mendes, Luanna L., Lamas, Carlos J. E., Evenhuis, Neal L. & Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco, 2019, New Pieza Evenhuis (Diptera, Mythicomyiidae, Mythicomyiinae) from Northeast Brazil, Zootaxa 4629 (1), pp. 1-25 : 3-5

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4629.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A8E9B9F1-4CC4-4BF9-81B0-36B1729BCC1B

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887D1-A310-FFAA-F1A7-8EDAFE774692

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Pieza ankh Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis
status

 

Pieza ankh Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de-Oliveira, sp. nov.

( Figs 1–9 View FIGURES 1–9 )

Diagnosis. Mesonotum brown with dark brown stripe extending laterally to base of wing; supra-alar area yellow ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Cercus triangular, sclerotized, with short projection on ventral surface in posterior view ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Gonocoxite strongly sclerotized on anterior ⅔, posterior ⅓ narrower and slightly sclerotized, slightly concave at margin and without central incision, digitiform sublateral projections in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Gonostylus long, geniculate, about 6.0X longer than wide, convergent and sharp towards apex in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ).

Holotype male ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Body length: 1.45 mm. Wing length: 1.25 mm. Head. Eyes separated at vertex by about 2.0X distance between posterior ocelli; ocellar tubercle dark brown, subshiny. Frons dorsal ⅓ dark brown, ventral ⅔ yellow to dark yellow, median depression with dorsal ⅔ brown; with small brown setae laterally; face yellow. Proboscis light brown to brown, about same length as head; oral cavity yellow, light brown on margin. Postcranium subshiny, dark brown pruinose, with brown setae. Antenna with second flagellomere as long as width of first flagellomere. Thorax. Mesonotum brown with central dark brown stripe reaching base of wing level, subshiny, with sparse pruinescence, with brown setae, paler on postpronotal lobe, with dense and erect setae; supra-alar area yellow ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–9 ); notopleural and prealar setae strong, dark brown. Scutellum light to dark yellow, with sparse brown setae. Pleura brown with yellow marks on: proepimeron, dorsal and posterior margin of anepisternum, dorsal ¼ of katepisternum, and dorsal ½ of meron ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–9 ); posteroventral ⅓ of katepisternum shiny; dorsal margin of anepisternum with sparse brown setae. Legs ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Coxae light brown to brown; femora dark brown with distal ¼ yellow; tarsi yellow, tarsomeres II−V dark brown. Wing ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Smoky brown; costal vein ending at ½ distance between veins R 4+5 and M 1; R 2+3 arising from Rs in about 75° angle; m-m shorter than length of r-m. Halter yellow with brown marks. Abdomen. Light brown to brown, subshiny; tergites II−VII with small, bare and sparse plaques paler and shinier than adjacent areas; brown setae longer on tergites III−VII; tergites II–VII with yellow band on posterior margin. Sternites entirely light brown. Terminalia. Epandrium bulging in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ), subtriangular, ventral margin about 2.0X longer than dorsal, anterior margin straight, dorsal surface with setae on posterior ½ in lateral view ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ); epandrium with outer margin rounded and inner margin oval in posterior view ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Pseudo-surstylus convergent, apex sharp in ventral and posterior views ( Figs 5, 8 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Cercus triangular, sclerotized, dorsal region narrow, ventral region with short projection, setae around inner margin ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 1–9 ), slightly projecting posteriorly in lateral view ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Ejaculatory apodeme about 5/6 length of anterior arm of parameral sheath, more sclerotized on longitudinal axis, medial arms subrectangular, about 2.0X wider than long in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ), anterior end oval, slightly curved dorsally, ventromedial projection hook shaped, directed posteriorly in lateral view ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Lateral ejaculatory process uniformly sclerotized, slightly sinuous ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ), curved ventrally in lateral view ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Phallus funnel-shaped, anterior margin concave ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ); basiphallus about ½ length distiphallus, distiphallus simple with single apical opening, about 2.0X longer than basiphallus ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Anterior arm of parameral sheath with distal ⅓ almost 2.0X wider than proximal ⅔ in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ), more sclerotized on inner margin. Gono- coxite sub-quadrate, strongly sclerotized on anterior ⅔, anterior margin laterally rounded, narrower on posterior ⅓, weakly sclerotized, posterior margin concave, without medial incision, spiniform latero-posterior projections, short setae on posterior ⅔ in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ); gonocoxite with anterodorsal margin concave, anteroventral margin covered in setae anteroventrally ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 1–9 ), bulging in lateral view ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Gonostylus geniculate, long, about 6.0X longer than its maximum width, surpassing posterior margin of epandrium, convergent and tapering towards apex in ventral view ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Female. Similar to male. Genitalia ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Genital fork with base sub-trapezoidal, arms projecting laterally, posterior ½ cup shaped with parallel posterior projections. Common duct long, as long as proximal duct, basal plate hyaline. Sperm pump progressively wider on proximal ½, cup-shaped on distal ½, translucent. Proximal spermathecal duct about 2.0X wider than distal spermathecal duct; distal spermathecal duct about 5.0 to 6.0X longer than proximal, translucent. Valves not distinct. Spermatheca strongly sclerotized, brown, oval, with papillate apex, without glandular trichomes.

Variation (n = 10). Body length: 1.3–1.9 mm. Wing length: 1.15–1.30 mm. Proboscis about 2.0X longer than head. Tergites entirely brown, without yellow band on posterior margin. Thorax with prescutellar area indistinct or evanescent yellow. Posterior femora dark brown. Sternites each with yellow posterior band. Abdomen brown.

Etymology. The specific epithet derives from the Egyptian “ ankh ”, in allusion to the similarity of the genital fork with the symbol used in the Egyptian hieroglyphic writing.

Comments. Specimens become light brown when preserved in alcohol and later treated by the drying protocol with ethyl acetate. Specimens collected directly from flowers in the Parque Nacional Serra das Confusões—Piauí, Brazil, are associated with the plant family Malvaceae (Figs 72–73).

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂: Brazil, PI [= Piauí], Caracol , PARNA [=Parque Nacional] Serra das Confusões, Riacho dos Bois, 575 m, 09°13′11″S, 43°29′26″W / Catação em flores, 08–11.viii.2013, J.A. Rafael, F. Li- meira–de–Oliveira & T.T.A. Silva, cols./ MYTH 113 GoogleMaps / Holotype ♂ Pieza ankh Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de-Oliveira ( CZMA) . PARATYPES: Brazil, MA[= Maranhão], Tasso Fragoso, Zona Urbana , [altitude 246 m] 08°28′27″S, 45°44′56″W, Varredura, 21.ix.2014, FLO, TL GoogleMaps Rocha, GA Reis (in alcohol: 64♀ CZMA). PI [= Piauí], Saco da Cachorra , 522 m, 09°12′42″S, 43°30′04″W / Catação em flores, 08.v–05.vi.2014, FLO GoogleMaps , T.L. Rocha & G.A. Reis (in alcohol: 19♂ CZMA). Same data as holotype, except: Varredura , 05–07.vi.2013, JAR, FLO & A.A. Santos (1♂ MNRJ, 1♂ MZUSP); idem / MYTH 116 (1♂ MZUSP) ; idem / MYTH 124 (1♀ MZUSP) ; idem, Armadilha de Malaise , 20–31.v.2014, JAR, FLO , T.L. Rocha & G.A. Reis (1♂ INPA). Same data as holotype (pinned: 3♂, in alcohol: 65♀ CZMA; 6♀ MZUSP; in alcohol: 164♀ INPA); idem / MYTH 1 (pinned: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 2 (pinned: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 3 (pinned: 1♀ MZUSP) ; idem / MYTH 6 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 7 (1♂ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 8 (pinned: 1♂ MZUSP) ; idem / MYTH 9 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 10 (pinned: 1♂ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 85 (pinned: 1♀ INPA) ; idem / MYTH 114 (1♂ MZUSP) ; idem / MYTH 115 (1♂ BPBM) ; idem / MYTH 123 (1♀ INPA) ; idem / MYTH 131 (1♀ INPA) ; idem / MYTH 132 (1♀ INPA) ; idem / MYTH 133 (1♀ INPA) ; idem / MYTH 134 (1♀ INPA) ; idem / MYTH 135 (1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 136 (1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 137 (1♀ BPBM) ; idem, 29.vi–03.viii.2014, JAR, FLO , T.L. Rocha (in alcohol: 80♂ 200♀ BPBM; 300♂ 602♀ CZMA; 288♂ 500♀ INPA; 50♂ 65♀ MNRJ; 158♂ 500♀ MZUSP); idem / MYTH 125 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 126 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 127 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 128 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 138 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 139 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem / MYTH 140 (in alcohol: 1♀ CZMA) ; idem, Guaribas, PARNA [=Parque Nacional] Serra das Confusões, Andorinha , 515 m, 09°08′27″S, 43°33′42″W / Catação em flores, 03–05.v.2014, JAR, FLO GoogleMaps , T.L. Rocha & G.A. Reis (in alcohol: 15♀ CZMA); idem, 20–30.ix.2014 (15♀ INPA, 10♀ MNRJ; 9♀ MZUSP) GoogleMaps .

Geographical record. This species is known only from the Brazilian states of Maranhão and Piauí ( Fig. 69 View FIGURE 69 ), where the type series was collected in the Cerrado and Caatinga biomes.

Remarks. Pieza ankh sp. nov. differs from its Brazilian congeners in having the distiphallus about 2.0X longer than the basiphallus in lateral view ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ) (distiphallus subequal in length or about ½ length of basiphallus in the other species in lateral view, Figs 15 View FIGURES 10–17 , 23 View FIGURES 18–26 , 32 View FIGURES 27–34 , 40 View FIGURES 35–42 , 48 View FIGURES 43–51 , 57 View FIGURES 52–60 , 66 View FIGURES 61–68 ); and gonostylus geniculate in ventral and lateral views ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1–9 ) (gonostylus not geniculate in the congeners in ventral and lateral views, Figs 14–15 View FIGURES 10–17 , 22–23 View FIGURES 18–26 , 31–32 View FIGURES 27–34 , 39–40 View FIGURES 35–42 , 47–48 View FIGURES 43–51 , 56–57 View FIGURES 52–60 , 65–66 View FIGURES 61–68 ).

PI

Paleontological Institute

TL

Université Paul Sabatier

MNRJ

Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro

MZUSP

Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo

INPA

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia

BPBM

Bishop Museum

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Diptera

Family

Bombyliidae

Genus

Pieza

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