GYMNOTIFORMES, Berg, 1940

Datovo, Aléssio & Vari, Richard P., 2014, The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (3), pp. 554-622 : 614

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1111/zoj.12142

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB6116-5312-A237-FEE2-D6DA27CB7B02

treatment provided by

Marcus

scientific name

GYMNOTIFORMES
status

 

GYMNOTIFORMES View in CoL View at ENA

The Gymnotiformes View in CoL , one of the morphologically most distinctive groups within the Teleostei, is characterized by the highest number of known synapomorphies amongst all the orders in that infraclass ( Fink & Fink, 1981, 1996; Albert, 2001; Wiley & Johnson, 2010). At least one additional synapomorphy, and the first involving myology, can be added to that list: [9] the levator arcus palatini passing lateral to the malaris ( Fig. 19 View Figure 19 ; Aguilera, 1986; Marrero & Winemiller, 1993). In the vast majority of teleosts, the insertional portion of the levator arcus palatini conversely lies fully medial to the malaris. A levator arcus palatini lateral to the malaris was encountered elsewhere in the Teleostei solely in the Dactylopteriformes, Gadiformes View in CoL , and Percopsiformes (A. Datovo pers. observ.; Eaton, 1935; Rosen & Patterson, 1969; Howes, 1988; Imamura, 2000; Endo, 2002). Notwithstanding these similarities, in light of the pronounced phylogenetic separation of these orders within the Acanthomorphata, these occurrences in those orders are most parsimoniously interpreted as convergences relative to the condition that characterizes the Gymnotiformes View in CoL ( Fig. 27).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Actinopterygii

Order

Gymnotiformes

Loc

GYMNOTIFORMES

Datovo, Aléssio & Vari, Richard P. 2014
2014
Loc

Gymnotiformes

Berg 1940
1940
Loc

Gymnotiformes

Berg 1940
1940
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