BRYOCORINI BAERENSPRUNG, 1860

Konstantinov, Fedor V. & Knyshov, Alexander A., 2015, The tribe Bryocorini (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae): phylogeny, description of a new genus, and adaptive radiation on ferns, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 175 (3), pp. 441-472 : 458-460

BRYOCORINI BAERENSPRUNG, 1860

Bryocorini Baerensprung, 1860: 13 (Bryocorides) .

Diagnosis

Readily recognized by the following characters: eyes small, contiguous to anterior margin of pronotum ( Figs 10, 13–15, 19, 20 ); posterior margin of vertex cari-

KEY TO GENERA

1. Entire exocorium and outer part of cuneus contrastingly white, pronotum, corium, and inner part of cuneus uniformly dark brown ( Figs 3, 7 ). Pronotum with dense deep punctures, hemelytron smooth or shallowly punctate. Simple setae on dorsum distinctly longer than width of tibiae...................................................................2

• Colour pattern variable, if exocorium pale yellow or transparent, corium with large areas of similar colour, or at least posterior margins of pronotum pale. Pronotum smooth or with shallow punctures similar to those on hemelytron. Simple setae on dorsum short, recumbent, not longer than width of tibiae.................................................. 3

2. Costal margin convex, exocorium wide, gradually narrowing apically ( Fig. 7 ). Pronotal collar comparatively wide, shining, distinctly scalloped posteriorly. Antennal segment I shorter than width of vertex................. Bryocorella

• Costal margin straight, hemelytra parallel-sided, exocorium narrow along entire length ( Fig. 3 ). Pronotal collar narrow, matt, posteriorly delimited by straight suture. Antennal segment I equal to width of head ......... Hekista

3. Body elongate, hemelytra in macropterous form parallel-sided, slightly widened in apical half. Costal fracture without incision ( Figs 1, 2, 4 )..........................................................................................................................4

• Body oval, hemelytra with more or less convex costal margin, costal fracture with obvious incision ( Figs 6, 8, 9 ). Always macropterous ......................................................................................................................... 5

4. Labial segment IV apically blunt, short, almost equal in length to segment III ( Fig. 22 ). Macropterous or brachypterous. Costal margin of hemelytron in lateral view without dark line, usually darkened in apical one-quarter. Left paramere with well-developed, curved sensory lobe and modified, strongly curved or bifid apical process ( Fig. 69 ) ............. ........................................................................................................................................... Bryocoris

• Labial segment IV long and distinctly tapering, distinctly longer than segment III (as in Fig. 26 ). Hemelytron in lateral view with narrow dark-brown line along costal margin, sometimes indistinct at base. Brachypterous forms unknown. Left paramere L-shaped, not modified................................................................ Cobalorrhynchus

5. Pronotal collar narrow, distinctly thinner than width of antennal segment I ( Fig. 19 )...................... Monalocoris

• Pronotal collar distinctly wider than width of antennal segment I ( Figs 10, 15 )............................................ 6

6. Pronotal collar distinctly scalloped posteriorly ( Figs 10, 15 ). Hemelytron more or less straight, membrane not deflected. Right paramere large, almost equal in length to left paramere. Left paramere with long characteristic spine ( Fig. 67 )............................................................................................................................. Diplazicoris

• Posterior margin of pronotal collar and sides of scutellum straight, not scalloped. Membrane deflected. Right paramere shorter than left paramere. Apical process of left paramere finely serrate, without spine ........... Bryophilocapsus

nate ( Figs 10, 14, 15, 19, 20 ); labial segment I short and thick, almost as long as wide ( Figs 22–24, 26 ); pronotal collar narrow, posteriorly delimited by deep, more or less scalloped suture ( Figs 10, 14, 15, 19, 20 ); peritreme of scent efferent system broadly oval, strongly raised and convex, with single seta ( Figs 31–36 ), R + M vein in macropterous specimens with row of punctures at base ( Fig. 28 ), ungitractor with large lamellate pseudopulvilli and without parempodia ( Figs 48, 50, 52 ), genital capsule with wide, posteriorly directed opening ( Figs 57–60, 62–64 ); aedeagus small, with reduced capitate processes, phallotheca membranous, with horseshoe sclerite at base of dorsal wall, ductus seminis almost entirely sclerotized, its distal two-thirds located at almost right angles with proximal third, and almost reaching aperture of phallotheca in repose, endosoma small and simple, without scleritizations ( Figs 80–83 ); dorsal labiate plate membranous, thin-walled, with small, round, weakly sclerotized, and barely visible rings ( Fig. 91 ).

Remarks

Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we redefine the tribe Bryocorini to contain the following seven genera, including one genus described as new: Bryocorella Carvalho, 1956 , Bryocoris Fallén, 1829 , Bryophilocapsus Yasunaga, 2000 , Cobalorrhynchus Reuter, 1906 gen. dist., Diplazicoris gen. nov., Hekista Kirkaldy, 1902 , and Monalocoris Dahlbom, 1851 . The genus Bryocorella agrees in all essential characters with the diagnosis of the tribe given above, and is therefore transferred to Bryocorini from the tribe Eccritotarsini . Cobalorrhynchus , synonymized with Bryocoris by Yasunaga & Kerzhner (1998), and then reinstated as a subgenus of Bryocoris by Hu & Zheng (2000), is treated here as a separate genus. Although both taxa are superficially similar and form a distinct clade in our analysis, they differ in many important features, including the structure of labium, male genitalia, and the occurrence of brachyptery.

BRYOCORELLA CARVALHO, 1956

FIG. 7

Bryocorella Carvalho, 1956: 22 . Type species: Bryocorella emboliata Carvalho, 1956 (by monotypy).

Diagnosis

Recognized by the following combination of characters: dorsum dark brown, with contrastingly whitish exocorium and outer margin of cuneus ( Fig. 7 ); antennal segment I slightly shorter than vertex width; pronotal collar flat, shining, distinctly longer than width of antennal segment I; labium reaching to slightly surpassing fore coxa; suture delimiting pronotal collar and sides of scutellum deeply scalloped; pronotum with deep, coarse punctures; exocorium wide, widest at basal quarter, with slightly and evenly convex costal margin; cuneus somewhat longer than width at base; membrane not deflected; right paramere simple, distinctly smaller than left paramere, broadly rounded apically; left paramere falciform, without distinct sensory lobe ( Carvalho, 1956: fig. 14).

Somewhat similar to Hekista Kirkaldy, 1902 in body proportions, whitish exocorium and outer margin of cuneus, deep punctures on pronotum, distinctly scalloped sides of scutellum, and long simple setae on dorsum; however, clearly differs from Hekista in having narrow, matt, and posteriorly straight pronotal collar, narrow exocorium with straight costal margin, cuneus narrowly triangular, twice as long as width at base, and shape of both parameres.

Remarks

The genus was described to accommodate a single species, Bryocorella emboliata Carvalho, 1956 , described from four specimens sampled in Kosrae Island, Micronesia. No new data on the genus have been published since the original description, and nothing is known about the host plant. Examination of the holotype retained at the National Museum of Natural History (Washington D.C.) allowed us to include the genus in the analysis and revealed its affinity to Hekista and other bryocorine genera.

Figures

Figures 10–21. Scanning electron micrographs of particular characters: 10–14, head and pronotum in lateral view – 10, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov., 11, Dicyphus testaceus, 12, Punctifulvius kerzhneri, 13, Monalocoris filicis, 14, Bryocoris pteridis; 15–21, head and pronotum in dorsal view – 15, D. lombokianus sp. nov., 16, Nesidiocoris tenuis, 17, Punctifulvius kerzhneri, 18, Cylapus citus, 19, Monalocoris filicis, 20, Bryocoris pteridis, 21, Sinervus baerensprungi.

Figures 1–9. Dorsal habitus of Bryocorini: 1, Coballorhynchus convexicollis; 2, Coballorhynchus concavus; 3, Hekista laudator; 4, 5, Bryocoris pteridis – 4, macropterous male, 5, brachypterous female; 6, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov.; 7, Bryocorella emboliata HT; 8, 9, Monalocoris filicis, females – 8, pale form, 9, dark form.

Figures 22–33. Scanning electron micrographs of particular characters: 22–26, head and thorax in ventral view – 22, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov., 23, Bryocoris pteridis, 24, Monalocoris filicis, 25, Nesidiocoris tenuis, 26, Hekista laudator; 27–30, scutellum and hemelytra – 27, D. lombokianus sp. nov., 28, Hekista laudator, 29, Bryocoris pteridis, 30, Nesidiocoris tenuis; 31–33, evaporatory area – 31, 32, D. lombokianus sp. nov., 33, Monalocoris filicis.

Figures 59–78. Male genital capsule in caudal and lateral view: 59, 60, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov., 61, Sixeonotus sp., 62, Bryocoris pteridis, 63, 64, Monalocoris filicis, 65, Pycnoderes sp.; 66–78, parameres – 66, 67, D. lombokianus sp. nov., 66, right, 67, left; 68, 69, Bryocoris pteridis, 68, right, 69, left; 70, 71, Hekista laudator, 70, right, 71, left; 72, 73, Monalocoris filicis, 72, right, 73, left; 74, 75, left paramere of Punctifulvius kerzhneri; 76, left paramere of Sixeonotus sp.; 77, 78, Sinervus baerensprungi, parameres: 77, left, 78, right.

Figures 46–58. Scanning electron micrographs of particular characters: 46, 47, tarsi in lateral view – 46, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov., 47, Stenotus binotatus; 48–56, pretarsus – 48, 52, D. lombokianus sp. nov., 49, 54, Punctifulvius kerzhneri, 50, Monalocoris filicis, 51, Helopeltis clavifer, 53, Nesidiocoris tenuis, 55, Pycnoderes sp., 56, Stenotus binotatus; 57, 58, genital capsule in caudal view – 57, Bryocoris pteridis, 58, Monalocoris filicis.

Figures 79–87. Aedeagi: 79, Cylapus citus; 80, 81, Bryocoris pteridis, 80, dorsal, 81, lateral; 82, 83, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov., 82, dorsal, 83, lateral; 84, Sinervus baerensprungi; 85, Eurycipitia clarus; 86, Pycnoderes sp.; 87, Nesidiocoris tenuis. Figs 79–81, 85–87 modified from Kerzhner & Konstantinov (1999).

Figures 88–103. Female genitalia: 88, 89, Diplazicoris lombokianus sp. nov., 88, posterior wall, 89, vulvar area; 90, 91, Hekista laudator, 90, vulvar area, 91, dorsal labiate plate; 92, Sixeonotus sp., vulvar area; 93, Helopeltis clavifer, dorsal labiate plate; 94–103, valvulae – 94, 95, D. lombokianus sp. nov., 94, first, 95, second; 96, 97, Bryocoris pteridis, 96, first, 97, second; 98, 99, Monalocoris filicis, 98, first, 99, second; 100, 101, Hekista laudator, 100, first, 101, second; 102, 103, Pycnoderes sp., 102, first, 103, second.