Calyria chaetoacontia, Sanborn, 2020

Sanborn, Allen F., 2020, The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Ecuador including the description of five new species, a new subtribe, four new synonymies, and fifteen new records, Zootaxa 4880 (1), pp. 1-80 : 36-39

Calyria chaetoacontia n. sp.

( Fig. 2 )

TYPE MATERIAL.— Holotype. “1195EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 5.x.95 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one male ( UDCC) . Paratypes. “1261EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 8.x.95 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( UDCC); “1557EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 21.vi.96 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( UDCC); “1701EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 2.x.96 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( UDCC); “1723EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 3.x.96 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( UDCC); “1718EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 2.x.96 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one male ( AFSC); “1410EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 10.ii.96 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( AFSC); “1269EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 8.x.95 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( AFSC); “1183EcuadorOrellana / Erwin Transect / Onkone Gare Camp / Reserva Etnica Waorani // 00 39’ 25.7”S 076 27’10.8”W / 4.x.95 T. L. Erwin et al / Fogging terre firme forest” one female ( AFSC) .

ETYMOLOGY. The name is a combination of chaeto – (Gr. chaite, long hair), and – acontia (Gr. akontion, dim. javelin, dart) in reference to the radiating pile extending from the spine-like upper pygofer lobe characteristic of this new species.

REMARKS. The five hind wing apical cells, the inflated abdomen with dorsal ridge, the five spots on the dorsal head and postclypeus, the reddish fore wing venation, the small opercula, and the spine-like upper pygofer lobe radiating pile quickly distinguish this small species from other Ecuadorian cicadas.

Description

Ground color tawny marked with piceous and castaneous. The tawny may be green in fresh specimens based on the variability in coloration I have seen in described species of the genus.

Head

Head slightly wider than mesonotum, piceous spot on vertex anterolateral to lateral ocelli, piceous surrounding posterior median ocellus, surrounding median ocellus in some paratypes, castaneous spot on anteromedial corner of supra-antennal plate, elongated piceous spot on either side of dorsal postclypeus midline, short golden pile on dorsum, longer posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous, ochraceous in some paratypes, eyes ochraceous, tawny in some paratype. Ventral head tawny, castaneous mark on posteromedial lorum margin along postclypeus in some paratypes, with short and long white pile. Postclypeus tawny, ventral side flattened laterally and centrally with sulcus bordered by a thin carina, dorsal surface tawny with piceous fasciae on either side of midline. Postclypeus with seven transverse ridges. Anteclypeus tawny with light castaneous spot on carina, covered with long white pile. Rostrum tawny with castaneous tip and piceous lateral surfaces near tip, long white pile on tip, reaching to posterior of hind coxae. Scape and proximal pedicel tawny, remaining antennal segments piceous.

Thorax

Dorsal thorax tawny. Prothorax with castaneous fascia on either side of midline curving laterad both anteriorly and posteriorly, piceous in some paratypes, castaneous mark on disk between paramedian and lateral fissures and between lateral fissure and lateral ambient fissure, darker in some paratypes, short golden pile on disk and in fissures, pronotal collar tawny. Mesonotum tawny with castaneous submedian sigillae, mottling in lateral sigillae, cruciform elevation, wing groove and posterior margin tawny, light castaneous on lateral cruciform elevation in some paratypes. Metanotum tawny. Golden pile on mesonotum on disk, denser laterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, in wing groove, and on posterior metanotum. Ventral thoracic segments tawny, holotype katepimeron 2 with dense castaneous pile laterally, some paratypes with castaneous on trochantin 2 or anteromedial katepimeron 2, with short and long white pile.

Wings

Fore wings and hind wings hyaline with eight and five apical cells respectively. Venation reddish except tawny proximal costa and radius & subcostal veins, becoming castaneous distally in apical cells, anal vein 2 + 3 with piceous posterior margin. Basal cell hyaline. Infuscation on distal end of apical cell 1 extending across distal radius anterior 2 and across ambient vein to wing margin apex. Basal membrane of fore wing gray with darker posterior margin. Venation of hind wing tawny becoming castaneous distally except reddish cubitus anterior, proximal cubitus posterior, proximal anal veins 1, and anal vein 3, anal vein 3 with curved terminus, about one-third as long as anal vein 2. Anal cell 3 grayish at base, margined with infuscation.

Legs

Legs tawny, distal coxae with red mark, femora striped with red, distal pretarsi castaneous, tarsal claws tawny proximally with castaneous tips. Fore femora with four angled castaneous spines, spines become smaller and less erect distally, primary spine straight, secondary, tertiary and apical spines curved. Tibial spurs and tibial combs castaneous. Meracanthus tawny, pointed, curved mediad, extending almost half the length of sternite I in males or half the length of sternite II in females.

Opercula

Male operculum very short, slightly curved posterior margin with medial point not reaching lateral meracanthus, barely reaching sternite I posteriorly, ochraceous covered with silvery pile. Female operculum larger, triangular with apex pointed posteriorly, not reaching medially to lateral meracanthus, extending posteriorly to posterior of sternite I.

Abdomen

Abdominal tergites ground color, posterior tergites 3–7 of males margined in red. Male tergites 2–7 forming dorsal ridge. Timbal exposed, white with castaneous ribs, 11 long ribs and nine intercalary ribs. Male sternite I and II ground color, sternites III–VII ground color anteriorly with ferruginous posterior, proportion of ferruginous increasing in posterior sternites, sternites with short silvery pile and radiating long golden pile, sternite VII with transverse posterior margin, sternite VIII ground color with ferruginous posterior, elongated with U-shaped notch when viewed from the posterior, covered with short silvery pile, radiating long golden pile. Epipleurites similarly colored to sternites, deeply folded forming a groove on either side of the sternites. Female sternites similarly ground color with ferruginous or castaneous hind margins to sternites III–VI. Female sternite VII with deep medial notch, open V-shaped with sides extending to posterolateral sternite. Female abdominal segment 9 ground color with castaneous dorsal beak, covered with silvery pile, radiating long golden pile from ventral and posteroventral margins. Dorsal beak short, curving dorsally, slightly longer than castaneous anal styles. Posterior margin of abdominal segment 9 sinuate.

Genitalia

Male pygofer ground color, dorsal beak absent, anal styles reddish with castaneous base. Distal shoulder extending to half length of anal styles, forming an obtuse angle ventroposteriorly connecting to transverse distal pygofer. Pygofer basal lobe small, about as wide as pygofer margin and one-quarter length of pygofer, adpressed to pygofer, radiating long golden pile. Upper pygofer lobes elongated, flattened, oriented posteriorly terminating with a slight mediad curve and pointed terminus. Claspers, small, thin, with small, hooked, castaneous terminus. Aedeagus castaneous with terminal membrane and multiple distal spine-like appendages.

Female gonocoxite IX ground color. Gonapophysis IX light castaneous with piceous tip, gonapophysis X castaneous. Ovipositor sheath extends well beyond dorsal beak. Long golden pile radiating from ovipositor sheath.

MEASUREMENTS (MM).—N = two males or seven females, mean (range). Length of body: male 11.00 (10.65– 11.35), female 13.12 (12.05–14.30); length of fore wing: male 15.65 (15.45–15.85), female 15.55 (14.55–16.00); width of fore wing: male 5.83 (5.75–5.90), female 5.46 (5.25–5.60); length of head: male 1.70 (1.65–1.75), female 1.76 (1.70–1.80); width of head including eyes: male 3.55 (3.50–3.60), female 3.76 (3.60–3.80); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 4.05 (4.00–4.10), female 4.04 (3.90–4.20); width of mesonotum: male 3.35 (3.30–3.40), female 3.57 (3.50–3.70).

DIAGNOSIS.—The shape of the pygofer quickly distinguishes this new species from other species of the genus. Similar small opercula are found in only a few Calyria species and can be used to distinguish this new species from most species of the genus. Calyria jacobii Bergroth, 1914 , C. minutopercula Sanborn, 2020a and C. telifera ( Walker, 1858a) also possess very small opercula but can be distinguished by a few obvious features. Calyria jacobii can be distinguished by the rostrum reaching only to the middle coxae, the lack of ferruginous basal wing venation, and, most importantly, the upper pygofer lobe is broad extending half the length to the distinct dorsal beak (illustrated in Bergroth 1914). Calyria minutopercula can be distinguished by the five spots on the vertex and frons, the lack of ferruginous basal wing venation, the contrasting coloration of the posterior abdomen, the bulbous female abdomen, female sternite VII with the notch not extending to the posterolateral margin, the upper pygofer lobes that are elongated, flatted, oriented posteriorly with ends that curve mediad and terminate in a sharp point crossing the midline, and an aedeagus that lacks terminal spines. Calyria telifera has the most similar general body appearance to this new species including the ferruginous wing venation. However, the new species can be distinguished by the markings on the anteromedial supra-antennal plates, the 11 timbal ribs, the tip of the male operculum angles mediad instead of posteriorly, the narrower upper pygofer lobes that extend from a smooth curve ventrally rather than a right angle, the notch in female sternite VII extending to the posterolateral corner rather than having transverse posterolateral margin.

It can be distinguished quickly from C. xiphion n. sp. by the three spots on the dorsal head, the two spots on the dorsal postclypeus, the dorsal and ventral postclypeus being the same color, the lack of ochraceous markings on the pronotum, the abdomen being the same color as the head and thorax, the very small male opercula, the shape of the upper pygofer lobe, and the multiple spine-like appendages on the aedeagus found in C. chaetoacontia n. sp. Both species were collected in the same locality.

The only other species of the genus found in Ecuador is C. fenestrata ( Fabricius, 1803) . It can be distinguished from C. fenestrata by the lack of an apical spot on the fore wing of this species along with the ferruginous coloration of C. fenestrata .

DISTRIBUTION.—The new species is known only from the type locality in the Reserva Etnica Waorani , Orellana Province, Ecuador.

Figures

FIG. 2. Calyria chaetoacontia n. sp.:A, holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm; H–I, 2 mm.