Fulana, Gonçalves & Domahovski & Mejdalani & Takiya, 2021

Gonçalves, Clayton C., Domahovski, Alexandre C., Mejdalani, Gabriel & Takiya, Daniela M., 2021, Three new genera from South America and some taxonomic changes in Gyponini (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 750, pp. 70-93 : 75-77

Genus Fulana gen. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D3D2E937-9B40-42BB-AAC4-F821B4D22CB5

Figs 2–3 , 6C–F

Type species

Fulana brasiliensis gen. et sp. nov., by present designation and monotypy.

Diagnosis

Medium-sized leafhoppers ( Fig. 6C–F ). Head in dorsal view ( Fig. 2A ) short, median length of crown about 2.5 times smaller than interocular width; crown transversely striated; ocellus large, closer to anterior margin of crown; in lateral view ( Fig. 2C ), with crown-face transition distinct and narrow, bicarinate. Pronotum ( Fig. 2A ) with punctures. Forewing ( Fig. 2D ) covered by numerous small brown spots, appendix narrow. Male pygofer ( Fig. 2F–G ) with inner basiventral process; lateral lobe partly separated from base by flexible membranous line. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 2H ) with ventral surface covered by long filiform setae. Connective ( Fig. 2I ) longitudinally linear. Aedeagus ( Fig. 2K–L ) simple, without apodemal processes. Second valvula of ovipositor ( Fig. 3G–H ) with few teeth restricted to apical fourth.

Etymology

The generic name is feminine. Fulana , together with Beltrana and Sicrana , forms a very popular expression in Brazil (“Fulana, Sicrana e Beltrana ”), which refers to unspecified people or people whose actual names should not be mentioned.

Description

HEAD AND THORAX. Head in dorsal view ( Fig. 2A ) short; median length of crown about 2.5 times smaller than interocular width; crown with anterior margin slightly sinuous; surface adjacent to ocelli slightly concave between ocellus and eye; texture transversely striated; transocular width of head six-sevenths of humeral width of pronotum; ocellus large, close to anterior margin of crown and slightly closer to eye than to median line; coronal suture distinct, extending to near anterior margin of crown. Head in ventral view ( Figs 2B , 3A ) with face wider than high; frontogenal suture distant from eye margin by basal width of clypeus and surpassing antennal ledge, extending to anterior margin of crown; oriented obliquely downward in relation to frons; frons approximately as wide as long, lateral margins strongly convergent ventrally; epistomal suture distinct; clypeus approximately 1.2 times as long as maximum width, lateral margins divergent apically, apex slightly emarginated; maxillary plate produced ventrally as far as clypeus apex; gena with ventrolateral margin straight on mid-length and slightly excavated below eye margin. Head in lateral view ( Fig. 2C ) with crown-face transition distinct and narrow, bicarinate; frons and clypeus flattened. Pronotum ( Fig. 2A ) with conspicuous transverse striae and punctures on disc and posterior half; lateral margins straight, convergent anterad, slightly shorter than eye length; posterior margin straight; in lateral view ( Fig. 2C ), moderately declivous; head and pronotum in continuous slope. Mesonotum ( Fig. 2A ) as long as wide; scutellum ( Fig. 2C ) slightly swollen. Forewing ( Fig. 2D ) translucent, covered by numerous small brown spots; long and narrow, approximately 3.3 times as long as wide; venation distinct; appendix very narrow and bordering first to second apical cells. Profemur with AD, AM, and PD rows reduced and poorly defined, with exception of apical setae AD 1, AM 1, and PD 1, respectively; AV and PV rows formed by 2–3 setae; IC row formed by slightly arched comb of fine setae, beginning at distal half of femur and extending to AM 1. Protibia in cross-section semi-circular; AV row formed by long setae, slightly longer and thicker towards apex; AD row without differentiated setae; PD row with 7–8 setae; PV row with 6–7 setae. Metafemur with setal formula 2:2:1. Metatibia PD, AD, and AV rows with 26–31, 13–14, and 16–19 macrosetae, respectively; AD row with 1– 4 intercalary setae between macrosetae; PV row with setae of apical half formed by sequence of a thicker and 2–4 thinner setae. Metatarsomere I with two rows of setae, inner row consisting of larger and more robust setae than those of outer row; apex with 6 platellae; metatarsomere II apex with 2–3 platellae.

MALE TERMINALIA. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 2E ) long, fully hiding subgenital plates. Pygofer ( Fig. 2F–G ) with inner basiventral process adjacent to ventral margin; lobe partly separated from base by flexible membranous cleft. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 2H ) with ventral surface covered by long filiform setae. Connective ( Fig. 2I ) longitudinally linear. Aedeagus ( Fig. 2K–L ) simple, without apodemal processes.

FEMALE TERMINALIA. Second valvula of ovipositor ( Fig. 3G ) elongated, slightly higher along apical fourth; apical portion ( Fig. 3H ) with dorsal margin bearing minute and uniform denticles.

Distribution

Brazil (Bahia, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo states).

Remarks

An unpublished study based on 182 morphological characters combined with sequence data (28S and 16S rDNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I) recovered Fulana gen. nov. as the sister group to all other gyponines except Chilenana DeLong & Freytag, 1967 ( Gonçalves 2016) . In fact, the genera Fulana gen. nov. and Chilenana share plesiomorphic characteristics with other tribes of Iassinae , which are absent in other Gyponini genera: (1) male pygofer with lateral lobe partly separated from base by flexible membranous cleft; and (2) presence of basiventral inner process on the male pygofer.

The new genus resembles Alapona DeLong, 1980 , Ponana Ball, 1920 , and Dumorpha DeLong & Freytag, 1975 because of its slightly anteriorly produced and transversely striated crown; ocellus closest to the anterior margin of the crown; forewing with dark spots; and metatibia with intercalary setae between macrosetae of the AD row. However, Fulana gen. nov. differs from Alapona by the lack of flaps in the aedeagus ( Fig. 2K–L ), from Ponana and Alapona by its thinner crown-face transition ( Fig. 2C ), and from Ponana and Dumorpha by its aedeagus without apodemal processes ( Fig. 2K ).

Figures

Fig. 2. Fulana brasiliensis gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZRJ). A. Head and thorax, dorsal view. B. Head, ventral view. C. Head and thorax, lateral view. D. Forewing. E. Sternite VIII. ventral view. F. Pygofer, anal tube, valve, and subgenital plate, lateral view.G. Pygofer lobe and anal tube, dorsal view. H. Subgenital plate, ventral view (outer margin at top of figure). I. Style and connective, dorsal view. J. Style, lateral view. K. Aedeagus, lateral view. L. Aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars: A–C =1.0 mm; D =2.0 mm; E–L=0.5 mm.

Fig. 3. Fulana brasiliensis gen. et sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (DZRJ-AUCH #251). A. Head, ventral view. B. Posterior portion of abdomen, ventral view. C. Sternite VII, ventral view. D. Pygofer and anal tube, lateral view. E. First valvifer and first valvula of ovipositor, lateral view. F. Apex of first valvula, lateral view. G. Second valvula of ovipositor, lateral view. H. Apex of second valvula, lateral view. I. Second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. Scale bars: A–B= 1.0 mm; C–E, G, I =0.5 mm; F, H =0.3 mm.

Fig. 6. Habitus of type specimens, dorsal and lateral view, respectively. A–B. Beltrana reticulata gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (USNM). – C–D. Fulana brasiliensis gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (DZRJ). – E–F. Fulana brasiliensis, paratype ♀ (DZRJ-AUCh #251). G–H. Sicrana plana gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (EPNC). – I–J. Sicrana plana gen. et sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (EPNC). Scale bars: 2.0 mm.