Hemirrhagus embolulatus, Mendoza Marroquín, 2014

Mendoza Marroquín, Jorge I., 2014, Taxonomic revision of Hemirrhagus Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae), with description of five new species from Mexico, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 170 (4), pp. 634-689 : 672-674

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1111/zoj.12112
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7BA11142-CBC1-4026-A578-EBAB6D2B6C0C
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10274267
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E087B4-564C-FFF6-FF2B-4C1CB1B11750
treatment provided by	Marcus
scientific name	Hemirrhagus embolulatus
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

HEMIRRHAGUS EMBOLULATUS View in CoL SP. NOV.

( FIGS 2A, B, J View Figure 2 , 36A–I View Figure 36 , 37A–E View Figure 37 , 38A–G View Figure 38 , 48 View Figure 48 )

Type material: Holotype ♂ CNAN-T0774 and paratype ♀ CNAN-T0775 , MEXICO: Guerrero, Mpio. Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Parque Nacional Omiltemi, Omiltemi , 03.xii.2009, col. E. Goyer and E. Hijmensen.

Diagnosis: The following character combination is diagnostic for H. embolulatus sp. nov. Male palpal bulb with wide embolus throughout its length, similar in length to tegulum, with well-developed PS, PI, and R keels ( Fig. 37E View Figure 37 ); SA retrolaterally extended, ends at embolus retrolateral face ( Fig. 37B, D View Figure 37 ); VG shallow and embolus strongly curved retrolaterally on distal half ( Fig. 37A–C View Figure 37 ). Metatarsus I straight ( Fig. 36G View Figure 36 ). Prolateral tibial apophysis weakly developed ( Fig. 36I View Figure 36 ). Ocular tubercle and eyes normally developed, periocular pigmentation complete ( Figs 36D View Figure 36 , 38C View Figure 38 ). Urticating setae arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with well-defined margins, anterior and posterior margins slightly notched medially ( Fig. 36C View Figure 36 ). Female metatarsus IV with ten spinose setae distally ( Fig. 38F View Figure 38 ). Spermathecae paired, separated at their base, with rounded receptacles wider than long ( Fig. 38G View Figure 38 ). Hemirrhagus embolulatus sp. nov. differs from all other Hemirrhagus species by the embolus having well-developed PS, PI, and R keels. It also differs in the spermathecae having rounded receptacles wider than long.

Etymology: The specific name is composed of the Latin words embolus, referring to the male embolus and latus, wide. The name makes reference to the wide embolus of this species.

Description: Holotype male CNAN-T0774 ( Figs 2A View Figure 2 , 36A–I View Figure 36 , 37A–E View Figure 37 ): body length 19.70 (not including chelicerae and spinnerets); chelicera length 3.4; carapace 8.4 long, 7.4 wide. Caput not markedly elevated; fovea straight, 0.83 wide ( Fig. 36A View Figure 36 ).

Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Periocular pigmentation complete and all eyes normally developed. Eye sizes and interocular distances: AME 0.27; ALE 0.40; PME 0.27; PLE 0.33; AME–AME 0.27; AME–ALE 0.07; PME–PME 0.63; PME–PLE 0.10; ALE–PLE 0.10. Ocular tubercle normally developed, width 1.50, length 0.93; clypeus lacking ( Fig. 36D View Figure 36 ). Labium: length 1.05, width 1.5; with 29 cuspules. Maxilla inner corner with approximately 114 cuspules ( Fig. 36E View Figure 36 ). Cheliceral promargin with ten teeth (proximal to distal: first medium, second-third large, fourth small, fifth-ninth large and tenth small; Fig. 36F View Figure 36 ). Sternum length 3.7. Sigillae circular, second, third, and fourth pairs hardly visible; fourth pair once its length from margin ( Fig. 36B View Figure 36 ).

Leg formula: IV, I, II, III. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 8.96, 4.30, 7.15, 6.83, 5.18, 32.42. II: 7.92, 4.21, 5.85, 6.64, 5.07, 29.69. III: 6.73, 3.22, 5.85, 7.33, 5.21, 28.34. IV: 9.31, 4.15, 7.85, 10.21, 6.21, 37.73. Palp: 5.23, 2.99, 4.78, -, 1.80, 14.80. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.7 long, 0.4 apart; PLS, 1.0 basal, 1.1 middle, 1.8 distal.

Scopulae: tarsi I–IV densely scopulate, III and IV divided by strong band of setae. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate; III scopulate on distal half, divided by strong band of setae; IV scopulate on distal quarter, divided by strong band of setae.

Tibia I with two apophyses, which do not originate from a common base, Pap reduced with one large and broad spinose seta on ventral face that almost replaces it, the spinose seta exceeds the apex of Pap; Rap normally developed, broad at its base with one short and wide spinose seta subapically on dorsal face, the spinose seta exceeds the apex of Rap ( Fig. 36H, I View Figure 36 ). Metatarsus I straight ( Fig. 36G View Figure 36 ).

Stridulatory setae: lacking.

Legs and palpi LSC in: palp trochanter retrolateral face, femur prolateral and retrolateral faces; leg I coxa retrolateral face, trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face; leg II coxa prolateral face, trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face.

Chaetotaxy (left side): femora I 2p; II 1d, 3p; III 3d, 3p; IV 3p, 2r; palp 2p; patellae none; tibiae I 2p, 6v; II 2p, 9v; III 2p, 10v, 2r; IV 3p, 10v, 4r; palp 2p, 8v; metatarsi I 2v; II 1p, 2v, 3r; III 1d, 4p, 13v, 2r; IV 5p, 14v, 5r.

Palp: wide embolus throughout its length, similar in length to tegulum, with well-developed PS, PI, and R keels ( Fig. 37E View Figure 37 ); SA retrolaterally extended, ends at embolus retrolateral face ( Fig. 37D View Figure 37 ); VG shallow and embolus strongly curved retrolaterally on distal half ( Fig. 37A–C View Figure 37 ).

Urticating setae: type VI arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with welldefined margins, anterior and posterior margins slightly notched medially ( Fig. 36C View Figure 36 ) .

Colour pattern: on live specimens the colour is black, except the urticating setae ( Fig. 2A View Figure 2 ).

Paratype female CNAN-T0775 ( Figs 2B View Figure 2 , 38A–G View Figure 38 ): body length (not including chelicerae and spinnerets) 25.86, carapace: 10.15 long, 9.24 wide. Caput not elevated; fovea recurved, width 1.75 ( Fig. 38A View Figure 38 ).

Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Periocular pigmentation complete, all eyes normally developed. Eye sizes and interocular distances: AME 0.38; ALE 0.50; PME 0.30; PLE 0.50; AME–AME 0.18; AME–ALE 0.15; PME–PME 0.75; PME–PLE 0.13; ALE–PLE 0.18. Ocular tubercle normally developed, width 1.83; length 1.28; clypeus lacking ( Fig. 38C View Figure 38 ). Labium: length 1.68; width 1.78; with 26 cuspules. Maxilla inner corner with approximately 130 cuspules ( Fig. 38D View Figure 38 ). Cheliceral promargin with eight teeth (proximal to distal: first-third large, fourth medium, fifth-sixth large, seventh medium, eighth small). Sternum length 2.15. Sigillae circular, second, third, and fourth pairs hardly visible; fourth pair one and a half times its length from the margin ( Fig. 38B, E View Figure 38 ).

Leg formula: IV, I, III, II. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 8.04, 4.81, 6.63, 6.35, 4.45, 30.28. II: 7.54, 4.06, 5.63, 5.44, 4.64, 27.31. III: 6.88, 3.87, 5.30, 6.62, 4.58, 27.25. IV: 8.89, 3.71, 7.71, 10.14, 5.42, 35.87. Palp: 5.93, 3.62, 4.58, -, 4.41, 18.54. Spinnerets are damaged.

Scopulae: tarsi I–IV densely scopulate, III divided by narrow band of setae and IV divided by strong band of setae. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate, III scopulate on distal half, and IV scopulate on distal quarter.

Stridulatory setae: lacking.

Legs and palpi LSC in: palp trochanter retrolateral face, femur prolateral and retrolateral faces; leg I coxa retrolateral face, trochanter prolateral and retrolateral faces, femur prolateral face; leg II coxa prolateral, trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face.

Chaetotaxy (left side): femora I 1p; II 1p; III 2p, 2r; IV 1p, 2r; palp 1p; patellae none; tibiae I 2p, 4v; II 2p, 5v; III 2p, 8v, 2r; IV 2p, 10v, 3r; palp 1p, 11v; metatarsi I 2v; II 1p, 5v; III 5p, 10v, 3r; IV 5p, 19v, 4r. Metatarsus IV with ten spinose setae distally ( Fig. 31F View Figure 31 ).

Genitalia: spermathecae paired, separated at their base but receptacles close together, rounded, wider than long ( Fig. 38G View Figure 38 ).

Urticating setae: type VI arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with welldefined margins, anterior and posterior margins slightly notched medially .

Colour pattern: on live specimens the colour is black, except the urticating setae ( Fig. 2B View Figure 2 ).

Distribution and natural history: Known only from Omiltemi, Guerrero, Mexico ( Fig. 48 View Figure 48 ). The species was collected in tropical forest-pine forest ecotone ( Fig. 2J View Figure 2 ). The specimens were found under rocks or fallen logs.