Dendrobium cariniferum Rchb.

Averyanov, Leonid V., Ponert, Jan, Nguyen, Phi Tam, Duy, Nong Van, Khang, Nguyen Sinh & Nguyen, Van Canh, 2016, A survey of Dendrobium Sw. sect. Formosae (Benth. & Hook. f.) Hook. f. in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, Adansonia 38 (2), pp. 199-217 : 212-214

13. Dendrobium cariniferum Rchb. f.

The Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette 1869: 611 (1869). — Seidenf., Opera Botanica 83: 120, fig. 75a, 76, table 16a (1985); 114: 216, fig. 137 (1992). — Aver., Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids: 182 (1994). — P.H.Ho, An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam 3: 826, fig. 11057 (2000). — Aver. & Averyanova, Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam: 26 (2003). — Newman et al., A Checklist for the Vascular Plants of Lao: 262 (2007). — Schuiteman et al., Nordic Journal of Botany 26: 280 (2008). — Zhu Guanghua et al., Flora of China 25: 392 (2009). — Aver., Turczaninowia 16 (4): 34 (2013).

Dendrobium lubbersianum Rchb. f., The Gardeners’ Chronicle 17: 460 (1882).

Dendrobium phi E.Christenson , in letters (2005).

Dendrobium schrautii Schildh. , Journal für den Orchideenfreund 13: 164 (2006). — Schuiteman et al., Nordic Journal of Botany 26: 287 (2008).

TYPUS. — India. NE India sine loc., Herb. Reichenbach, 32436 (holo-, W) .

HABITAT, PHENOLOGY AND CONSERVATION STATUS. — Epiphyte on tall trees in primary and secondary evergreen, semideciduous and deciduous dry broad-leaved, mixed and coniferous forests and woodlands on granite, sandstone, gneiss and shale, commonly on top of mountains and hills. 500-1500 m. Fl.: March-June. Locally common. Expected IUCN Red List status – EN.

DISTRIBUTION. — Laos (Bolikhamxai, Phongsali, Vientiane), Vietnam (Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Kon Tum, Lam Dong). NE. India, Myanmar , N. Thailand , S. China .

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Laos. Bolikhamxai, Khamkeut, Phone Sa At village, LA-VN 29 ( CPC Herbarium, NHOL, NUOL); Phongsali, entre Sala Aimé et Bam Tai, Poilane 26035 ( P [ P 00407632]); Phongsaly, sine loc., Poilane 25892 ( P [ P 00386226]); Vientiane, Phu Khao Khouai, Vidal 5585 ( P [ P 00386227]).

Vietnam. Dak Lak, Chu Yang Sinh, M.Nuraliev 944 ( LE, LE photo); Dak Nong, Ta Dung, HLF 5500a ( HN, LE, LE photo); Kon Tum, Sa Thay, Chu Mom Ray, VH 5816 ( HN, LE, MO); Kon Tum, Dak Gley, L.Averyanov, VH 2256a ( LE, LE photo); Kon Tum, Dak Gley, Ngoc Mi mt., VH 2294a ( HN); Lam Dong, Dalat, A.D.Kerr 3005, 3260 ( C), Boden Kloss s.n. ( BM), Long 86 ( LE), L.Averyanov s.n., anno 1995 ( LE photo); Lam Dong, Lac Duong, Da Chay, Bi Dup mt., VH 4016 ( HN, LE, MO); Lam Dong, Langbian, Boden Kloss s.n. ( BM), Cavalier 40402 ( P [ P 00386230]); Lam Dong, Lang-bian, vallée de Da-Pougnian, Eberhardt 203 ( P [ P 00408317]); Lam Dong, Manline, Dalat, Maurand C. R. S. T. 23 ( P [ P 00408315]); Lam Dong, old road to Prenh, Dalat, Evrard 906 ( P [ P 00386231, P 00386232]); Lam Dong, Suoi Vang, Dalat, L.Averyanov LX-VN 1595 ( HN, LE);Vietnam, sine loc., Eberhardt drawing 50 B ( P).

DESCRIPTION

Stems erect, narrowly fusiform, often slightly flexuose, of many nodes, to 30 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter. Leaves several, oblong, to 12 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide. Inflorescences 1-3(4), each with 1-3 flowers; floral bracts 4-5 mm long, acute. Pedicel and ovary to 3-3.5 cm long; ovary 3-carinate with distinct keels. Flowers resupinate or not, sweet fragrant, widely opening, light pale yellowish to almost white, 3.5-5 cm across. Sepals and petals subequal, triangular narrowly ovate, acute, 2.2-3 cm long, 0.6-1 cm wide, lateral sepals oblique, forming conical, spur-like mentum 1.2-1.8 cm long. Lip pandurate, 3-lobed, 2.5-4 cm long, 2-2.8 cm wide, pale yellowish to almost white, disc red, red-orange, orange or pink; side lobes broadly ovate, erect, embracing the column, as long as the median lobe; medial lobe circular to obovate, irregularly denticulate and undulate along margin, carinate to pectinate, with 5-7 fimbriate or fringed keels. Column reddish, 5-8 mm tall; anther cap white ( Fig. 3E, F ).

REMARK Very similar to D. williamsonii and often misidentified as such. Plants with non-resupinated flowers were described as D. schrautii . Flower orientation varies between plants from fully resupinated to non-resupinated, so we treat this name as a synonym of D. cariniferum .

Figures

FIG. 3. — A, Dendrobium multilineatum Kerr (LA-VN 256); B-D, Dendrobium williamsonii Day & Rchb.f. (CPC 24290); E, F, D. cariniferum: Rchb.f.; E, VH 2256a; F, HLF 5500a; G, H, D. longicornu Lindl. (CPC 5378); I, D. chapaense Aver. (N.A.Duc et al., HL 131). Photos: A, N. S. Khang; B-H, L. Averyanov; I, N. A. Duc.