Raoulia fortis, Ng & Rahayu, 2014

Ng, Peter K. L. & Rahayu, Dwi Listyo, 2014, Revision of the family Acidopsidae Števčić, 2005, and the systematic position of Typhlocarcinodes Alcock, 1900, Caecopilumnus Borradaile, 1902, and Raoulia Ng, 1987, with descriptions of two new genera and five new species (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), Zootaxa 3773 (1), pp. 1-63 : 31-35

Raoulia fortis sp. nov.

( Figs. 1G, H , 5F , 6C , 20 , 21 , 41A )

Typhlocarcinodes piroculatus — Balss 1938: 73. (not Typhlocarcinops piroculata Rathbun, 1911 )

Material examined. Holotype: male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) ( MNHN), station DB 8, east Aoré I., Santo, Vanuatu, 15°34.6'S 167°13.8'E, sandy patches, 12 m, coll. SANTO Expedition, 1 September 2006.

Diagnosis. Carapace width 1.3 times length (20A). Junction between frontal and supraorbital margins appears gently curved in frontal view ( Fig. 20C ). Third maxilliped with merus short, about half length of ischium; ischium quadrate, 1.1 times longer than broad ( Figs. 5F , 21B ). Ambulatory legs short; merus of last ambulatory leg 2.8 times as long as broad ( Fig. 20A ). G1 distal half slender, gently curved, with few small subdistal spinules, distal part tapering ( Fig. 21C–F ).

Colour. In life, the carapace and pereopods of the type specimen are cream coloured, with patches of brown, and the setae reddish-brown ( Fig. 41A ).

Etymology. The name is derived from fortis, Latin for “strong” and “stout,” alluding to the large size of the type specimen.

Remarks. This new species differs from the congeners in having a relatively stouter G1 that is only gently curving and smaller spinules on the subdistal surfaces ( Fig. 21C–F ). The other species have more strongly curved G1s ( Figs. 16D–G , 19H–K , 23C–F ). The carapace and third maxilliped proportions of R. fortis sp. nov. and R. galea sp. nov. are similar, but the merus of the third maxilliped of R. fortis sp. nov. is more rounded, with the anterolateral margin more strongly convex ( Figs. 5F , 21B ) (more subovate, with the anterolateral margin only gently convex in R. galea sp. nov., Figs. 5E , 19G ).

Balss’ (1938) record of Typhlocarcinodes piroculatus ” from the Gilbert Is. (= Kiribati) in the western Pacific was on the basis of a female specimen measuring 11.3 × 9.3 mm (no figure provided). It is probably also referable to the present new species, at least on the basis of geography.

Distribution. Gilbert Is. (= Kiribati) and Vanuatu; 12 m.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Male thoracic sterna, abdomens and sterno-abdominal cavities. A, B, Acidops cessacii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878), male (11.3 × 8.1 mm) (ZRC 1998.58), Ascension; C, D, Parapilumnus cristimanus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), male (16.3 × 12.5 mm) (ZRC 2003.90), Nansha Is. (Spratly Is.), South China Sea; E, F, Caecopilumnus crassipes (Tesch, 1918), male (11.8 × 10.1 mm) (ZRC 2013.1710) Lombok, Indonesia; G, H, Raoulia fortis sp. nov., holotype male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) (MNHN), Santo, Vanuatu. Abbreviations: a1–5 = male abdominal somites 1–5, respectively; cx4, 5 = coxa of fourth and fifth ambulatory leg, respectively; p = penis; st7, 8 = thoracic sternites 7 and 8, respectively.

FIGURE 5. Right third maxillipeds. A, Acidops cessacii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878), syntype female (14.1 × 10.0 mm) (NHM 99.3.23.66) Cape Verde (laterally inverted); B, Parapilumnus cristimanus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), male (16.3 × 12.5 mm) (ZRC 2003.90), Nansha Is. (Spratly Is.), South China Sea (laterally inverted); C, Raoulia limosa Ng, 1987, holotype male (8.3 × 6.3 mm) (ZMUC M58), off Marongas, Jolo, Philippines; D, Raoulia piroculata (Rathbun, 1911), lectotype female (7.3 × 5.5 mm) (USNM 41359a), Amirante Is., Indian Ocean; E, Raoulia galea sp. nov., holotype male (9.4 × 7.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.0980), Phuket, Thailand; F, Raoulia fortis sp. nov., holotype male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) (MNHN), Santo, Vanuatu (laterally inverted); G, Raoulia calva sp. nov., holotype male (6.6 × 5.2 mm) (ZRC 2013.1721), Society Is., French Polynesia; H, Caecopilumnus hirsutus (Borradaile, 1902), male (7.1 × 5.6 mm) (ZMA 261027), Flores, Indonesia (laterally inverted); I, Caecopilumnus crassipes (Tesch, 1918), male (11.8 × 10.1 mm) (ZRC 2013.1710) Lombok, Indonesia; J, Caecopilumnus loculatus sp. nov., holotype male (8.0 × 6.7 mm) (ZRC 2013.1723), Moorea, French Polynesia (laterally inverted); K, Thecaplax capillosa gen. et. sp. nov., holotype male (11.6 × 9.5 mm) (MZB), Lombok, Indonesia; L, Typhlocarcinodes integrifrons (Miers, 1881), lectotype male (8.5 × 6.9 mm) (NHM 81.24a), Goree I., Senegal.

FIGURE 6. Left antennae and antennules. A, Acidops cessacii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878), male (11.3 × 8.1 mm) (ZRC 1998.58), Ascension; B, Parapilumnus cristimanus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), male (16.3 × 12.5 mm) (ZRC 2003.90), Nansha Is. (Spratly Is.), South China Sea; C, Raoulia fortis sp. nov., holotype male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) (MNHN), Santo, Vanuatu; D, Caecopilumnus crassipes (Tesch, 1918), male (12.9 × 11.4 mm) (ZRC 2013.1711), Lombok, Indonesia; E, Thecaplax capillosa gen. et sp. nov., paratype male (13.2 × 10.7 mm) (MZB), Lombok, Indonesia; F, Typhlocarcinodes integrifrons (Miers, 1881), lectotype male (8.5 × 6.9 mm) (NHM 81.24a), Goree I., Senegal. Abbreviations: at3 and at4 = basal antennal articles 3 and 4, respectively; bs = basal antennal article; ba = basal antennular article. Scales = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 16. Raoulia limosa Ng, 1987. A–H, holotype male (8.3 × 6.3 mm) (ZMUC M58), Jolo, Philippines; I, female (9.5 × 7.3 mm) (ZRC 2013.1705), Lombok, Indonesia. A, male abdomen; B, left third maxilliped; C, frontal view of carapace showing antennules, antennae, epistome and orbit; D, E, left G1; F, G, distal part of left G1; H, left G2; I, female abdomen. Scales: A–C, I = 1.0 mm; D, E, H = 0.5 mm; F, G = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 19. A–E, Raoulia piroculata (Rathbun, 1911), male (11.0 × 8.5 mm), South Africa; F–L, Raoulia galea sp. nov., holotype male (9.4 × 7.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.0980), Phuket, Thailand. A, male abdomen; B, left third maxilliped; C, D, left G1; E, F, distal part of left G1; G, left G2. Scales: A, B = 1.0 mm; C, D, G = 0.5 mm; E, F = 0.1 mm. A–E after Barnard (1955: fig. 16).

FIGURE 20. Raoulia fortis sp. nov., holotype male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) (MNHN), Santo, Vanuatu. A, dorsal view; B, anterior thoracic sternum and sterno-abdominal cavity; C, frontal view of carapace; D, posterior thoracic sternum; E, outer view of right chela; F, outer view of left chela.

FIGURE 21. Raoulia fortis sp. nov., holotype male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) (MNHN), Santo, Vanuatu. A, male abdomen; B, left third maxilliped; C, D, left G1; E, F, distal part of left G1; G, left G2; H, female abdomen. Scales: A, B = 1.0 mm; C, D, G = 0.5 mm; E, F = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 23. A, B, E–H, Raoulia calva sp. nov., holotype male (6.6 × 5.2 mm) (ZRC 2013.1721), Society Is., French Polynesia; H, paratype female (6.5 × 5.1 mm) (ZRC 2013.1722), Society Is., French Polynesia. A, male abdomen; B, left third maxilliped; C, D, left G1; E, F, distal part of left G1; G, left G2; H, female abdomen. Scales: A, B, H = 1.0 mm; C, D, G = 0.5 mm; E, F = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 41. A, Raoulia fortis sp. nov., holotype male (12.0 × 9.2 mm) (MNHN), Santo, Vanuatu; B, Raoulia calva sp. nov., holotype male (6.6 × 5.2 mm) (ZRC 2013.1721), Society Is., French Polynesia [photograph A. Anker]; C, Caecopilumnus crassipes (Tesch, 1918), female specimen, Ryukyus (not examined) [photograph Y. Yamada, courtesy of T. Naruse]; D, Caecopilumnus loculatus sp. nov., holotype male (8.0 × 6.7 mm) (ZRC 2013.1723), Society Is., French Polynesia; E, Caecopilumnus loculatus sp. nov., paratype female (9.4 × 7.7 mm) (ZRC 2013.1724), Society Is., French Polynesia; F, Caecopilumnus loculatus sp. nov., paratype female (15.7 × 13.6 mm) (ZRC 2013.1725), Society Is., French Polynesia; G, Thecaplax capillosa gen. et sp. nov., one of males from paratype series, precise identity cannot be ascertained.