Tmarus orientalis Schenkel, 1963

Zhang, Rui & Zhang, Feng, 2023, Diversity of the genus Tmarus Simon, 1875 from Xiaolong Mountains in western China (Araneae: Thomisidae), Zootaxa 5301 (1), pp. 75-93 : 78-80

Tmarus orientalis Schenkel, 1963

Figs 10–17

Tmarus orientalis Schenkel, 1963: 183 , figs 105a–b (description male). Song & Zheng 1981: 350, figs 5–8 (description female).

For full list of taxonomic references see WSC (2023).

Material examined. CHINA: Gansu Province: 2♁ 3♀, Qingshui County, Shanmen Town, Shanmen Village , 34°41′24″N, 106°21′43″E, 1630m, 24 June 2022, Zhaoyi Li leg. ; 4♀, Zhang County, Xinsi Town, Heihe Forest Farm , 34°38′58″N, 104°37′33″E, 1676m, 1 July 2022, Rui Zhang leg.

Diagnosis. Males of this species resemble those of T. qinlingensis Song & Wang, 1994 ( Song & Zhu 1997: 53, figs 29 A–D) in having RTA with sharp apex, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following combination of characters: (1) embolar base slightly wider than embolar tip (vs. embolar base much wider than embolar tip in T. qinlingensis ); (2) embolar tip bent downwards (vs. straight in T. qinlingensis ). Females of T. orientalis are also similar to those of T. qinlingensis in having separate copulatory openings and short, thick copulatory ducts, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: (1) posterior margin of atrium not obvious (vs. Vshaped in T. qinlingensis ); (2) hood arched (vs. absence in T. qinlingensis ).

Redescription. Male: total length 4.19. Prosoma 1.76 long, 1.56 wide; opisthosoma 2.12 long, 1.35 wide. Carapace brown, with yellow markings. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.12, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09, AME–AME 0.21, AME–ALE 0.17, PME–PME 0.25, PME–PLE 0.37, AME–PME 0.33, ALE–PLE 0.23. MOA 0.33 long, front width 0.21, back width 0.25. Leg measurements: I 8.26 (2.36, 0.82, 2.06, 1.88, 1.14); II 8.06 (2.35, 0.86, 1.98, 1.79, 1.08); III 4.08 (1.22, 0.63, 1.06, 0.58, 0.59); IV 4.43 (1.51, 0.41, 1.05, 0.77, 0.69). Leg formula: 1243. Abdomen narrow and long, posteriorly wide, dorsal greyish black, with long spines and brown spots at the base of the spines.

Palp ( Figs 14–15 ). VTA digitiform, with curved apex; RTA with sharp apex. Tegulum flat; spermophor visible, around the whole tegulum, with U-shape apex. Embolus thick and strong, originating from the retrolateral flank of tegulum, about ~ 3 o’clock position.

Female: total length 4.64. Prosoma 1.97 long, 1.79 wide; opisthosoma 2.67 long, 1.83 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.09, PME 0.15, PLE 0.12, AME–AME 0.21, AME–ALE 0.19, PME–PME 0.32, PME–PLE 0.43, AME–PME 0.34, ALE–PLE 0.32. MOA 0.34 long, front width 0.21, back width 0.32. Leg measurements: I 7.01 (1.93, 1.04, 1.68, 1.35, 1.01); II 7.04 (2.07, 1.06, 1.59, 1.40, 0.92); III 4.33 (1.32, 0.59, 1.09, 0.66, 0.67); IV 4.45 (1.55, 0.53, 0.95, 0.81, 0.61). Leg formula: 2143. Body color, shape and markings as in males.

Epigynum ( Figs 16–17 ). Epigynum wider than long, with a transverse curved ridge; copulatory openings under the ridge; copulatory ducts thick and short; spermathecae reniform. Fertilisation ducts short, nearly as long as 1/4 spermathecal length.

Distribution. China (Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu), Korea.

Figures

FIGURES 10–13. Tmarus orientalis Schenkel, 1963. 10–11 Male habitus (10 dorsal, 11 ventral); 12–13 Female habitus (12 dorsal, 13 ventral).

FIGURES 14–17. Tmarus orientalis Schenkel, 1963. 14–15 Left male palp (14 ventral, 15 retrolateral); 16 Epigynum, ventral view; 17 Vulva, dorsal view.A = atrium; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; H = hood; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; S = spermatheca; T = tegulum; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis.