Bothynus entellus

Duarte, Paulo R. M. & Grossi, Paschoal C., 2020, Bothynus entellus (LePeletier & Serville) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) species group: taxonomic revision and description of two new species, Zootaxa 4750 (1), pp. 101-121 : 120

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4750.1.5
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1A3B7CFF-292B-46AB-82E8-C78BA34618EC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3706219
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31B7A-5911-FFB7-FF6C-FF4FBB8AF89D
treatment provided by	Plazi (2020-03-10 14:08:02, last updated 2024-11-28 00:23:01)
scientific name	Bothynus entellus
status

Treatment

Key to males of Bothynus entellus species group

Males have pronotal horns, pronounced pronotal excavations, and enlarged anterior claws.

1. Pronotum with 2–3 horns ( Figs. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ), or only with a small ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ) to moderate ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ) apical tubercle; if moderate, apical tubercle with rounded apex; mesofemora with setae confine on disc ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); tergite VII with 2 bands of weakly marked carinae ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ); parameres without laterovental contraction at apical half ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 )............................... 2

- Pronotal tubercle strong, horn shaped, acute on apex ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); mesofemora completely setose ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); tergite VII with 1 band of well-marked carinae ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE 7 ); parameres with lateroventral contraction at apical half in lateral view ( Fig.9D View FIGURE 9 )................................................................................ Bothynus lancifer Dechambre, 1981

2. Pronotum strongly convex posteriorly in lateral view ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); pronotum only with an apical tubercle moderate in size; protarsomere IV with elongate ventral apex nearly reaching the apex of the ventro-basal tooth of tarsomere V ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 )......... 3

- Pronotum moderately convex ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ), or with a horn ( Figs. 1A View FIGURE 1 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ) or tubercle ( Figs. 1C View FIGURE 1 , 3C View FIGURE 3 ) on each side); protarsomere IV with short ventral apex, not reaching the base of the ventro-basal tooth of tarsomere V ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ).................... 4

3. Metatrochanter with rounded apex ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ); parameres with subparallel outer margins ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 )............................................................................................ Bothynus stenelus ( Burmeister, 1847)

- Metatrochanter with acute apex ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ); parameres with rounded lateral flaps ( Fig. 8F View FIGURE 8 )........................................................................................ Bothynus condacki Duarte & Grossi , new species

4. Pronotum with moderate ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ) or shallow ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ) concavity; hypomeron not emarginate in ventral view ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 )... 5

- Pronotal concavity extremely deep ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); hypomeron strongly emarginate in ventral view ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 )............................................................................................ Bothynus tricornis Arrow, 1937

5. Stridulatory apparatus with well-marked carinae near to basal margin ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ); apical half of parameres with subparallel lateral flaps, narrower than basal half ( Fig. 8E View FIGURE 8 ).............................. Bothynus araya Duarte & Grossi , new species

- Stridulatory apparatus with weakly marked carinae near to basal margin ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ); apical half of parameres with rounded lateral flaps, broader than basal half ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ).............................. Bothynus entellus ( LePeletier & Serville, 1828)

References

Arrow, G. J. (1937) Systematic notes on beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, with descriptions of a few species in the British Museum Collection (Coleoptera). The Royal Entomological Society of London, 86, 35 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1937. tb 00246. x

Burmeister, H. (1847) Handbuch der Entomologie. Coleoptera Lamellicornia, Xylophila et Pectinicornia. Band V. Enslin, Berlin, 584 pp.

Dechambre, R. - P. (1981) Nouvelles especes de Dynastidae dela region neotropicale (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie, New Series, 3, 123 - 128.

LePeletier, A. L. M. & Serville, J. G. A. (1828) Scarabe, Scarabaeus. In: Latreille, P. A., LePeletier, A. L. M., Serville, J. G. A. & Gueirin-Meineville, F. F. (Eds.), Encyclopedie methodique. Dictionaire des insectes. Tome Dixieme. Livraison 2. Mme Veuve Agasse, Paris, pp. 346 - 383.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Bothynus entellus. A, Major male, dorsal view; B, median male, dorsal view; C–D, minor males, dorsal view; E, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 2. Bothynus stenelus. A, Major male, dorsal view; B, major male, lateral view; C, minor male, dorsal view; D, female, dorsal view; E, male protarsus, lateral view (ventral apex elongate, arrow); F, metatrochanter, ventral view (rounded apex, arrow). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 3. Bothynus tricornis. A, Major male, dorsal view; B, median male, dorsal view; C, minor male, dorsal view; D, female, dorsal view; E, hypomeron, ventral view (emargination, arrow). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 4. Bothynus lancifer. A, Male, dorsal view; B, mesofemora (completely setose, arrow). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Bothynus araya. A, Male dorsal view; B, male, lateral view, C, female, dorsal view; D, hypomeron, ventral view (convergent, arrow); E, male protarsus, lateral view (ventral apex short, arrow); F, mesofemora (smooth area, arrow). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 6. Bothynus condacki. A, Male, dorsal view; B, metatrochanter, ventral view (acute apex, arrow). Scale bar: 2 mm.

FIGURE 7. Tergite VII, detail of the stridulatory area (carinae, arrow). A, Bothynus entellus; B, B. araya; C, B. lancifer. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 8. Parameres in caudal view. A, Bothynus entellus; B, B. stenelus; C, B. tricornis; D, B. lancifer; E, B. araya; F, B. condacki (inner apical contraction, arrow). Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURE 9. Aedeagus in lateral view. A, Bothynus entellus; B, B. stenelus; C, B. tricornis; D, B. lancifer (lateroventral contraction, arrow); E, B. araya; F, B. condacki. Scale bars: 2 mm.