Pachyanthidium (Pachyanthidium) bouyssoui (Vachal)

Eardley, Connal & Griswold, Terry, 2017, Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of Pachyanthidium Friese (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Anthidiini), Zootaxa 4237 (3), pp. 401-453 : 428-431

Pachyanthidium (Pachyanthidium) bouyssoui (Vachal)

( Figs 18–19 )

Anthidium bouyssoui Vachal, 1903a: 373 , male and female syntypes (? TMSA) Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Anthidium (Pachyanthidium) bouyssoui Vachal : Friese 1905: 66.

Anthidium bicolor var. bouyssoui Vachal : Strand 1911: 120.

Pachyanthidium bouyssoui (Vachal) : Cockerell 1930: 45 –49.

Pachyanthidium (Pachyanthidium) bouyssoui (Vachal) : Pasteels 1984: 144.

Pachyanthidium bouyssoui var. tumbense Cockerell, 1935: 237 , female holotype ( RMCA) Democratic Republic of the Congo; Pasteels 1984: 144, syn.

Diagnosis. This species can be separated from all other species in the genus except other species of the bicolor species-group by the combination of the naked eye, absent arolia, and metasomal terga mostly orange ( Fig. 18 ). From other species of the bicolor species-group females can be distinguished by the combination of the partly spatulate mandible with two outer teeth, 2–3 small teeth on outer spatulate area and a large inner tooth, the forewing with cells as dark as the rest of the wings, face, mandible and femora with yellow maculations, mesepisternum all dark or with a little yellow maculation. Males can be distinguished by having 4–5 similar, pointed, evenly spaced mandibular teeth and T7 with the median spine longer and broader than the narrow lateral spines; its width half that of the concavity between it and the lateral spines, and its apex broadly rounded.

Description. FEMALE. Lengths: head 3.4–3.5 mm; scutum 2.2–2.4 mm; forewing 7.7–8.4 mm; body 8. 5–9.0 mm. Head and mesosoma black except yellow maculation as follows: clypeus with W-shaped cross-band of irregular width or marking absent, outer margin of paraocular area, posterior vertex with a very short cross-band, basal portion of mandible, pronotal lobe, mesepisternum narrowly behind omaulus, narrow lateral margins of scutum and axilla, narrow subapical cross-band on scutellum, fore and mid femora and tibiae anteriorly, hind femur on distal half of anterior face, usually entire hind tibia and most of tarsi; metasoma orange except indistinct yellowish-orange cross-bands generally on T1–T5; T6 laterally; translucent posterior margins on scutellum (yellowish) and T1–T5 (orangish); forewing dark with cells as dark as rest of wing. Structure ( Fig. 18 ). Preoccipital ridge weakly lamellate; eye naked; clypeus ventral edge straight, crenulate; mandible partly spatulate, 2 outer teeth, 2–3 small teeth on outer spatulate area, a large inner tooth; pronotal lobe strongly lamellate; omaulus lamellate; forebasitarsus short and broad, length, 0.6x foretibia length, 3.3x its width; arolia absent; T1–T5 without lateral spines; T6 rounded laterally, slightly lobate, without spine, extended posteriorly, distinctly cleft posteromedially.

MALE. Lengths: head 2.8–3.2 mm; scutum 1.8–2.0 mm; forewing 6.3–6.8 mm; body 6.8–7.7 mm. Colour as in female except: clypeus completely to partly yellow (dorsolateral region black), mandible yellow except apically, T7 yellowish-orange. Structure ( Fig. 18 ). preoccipital ridge weakly lamellate; eye naked; clypeus ventral edge straight, 2 mediolateral tubercles; antennal flagellum 0.87x eye, 3.2x scape lengths; mandible with 4–5 similar, pointed, evenly spaced teeth; omaulus lamellate; forebasitarsus sparsely pubescent, with moderately long posterior fringe; forebasitarsus length 0.6x foretibia length, 0.3x its width, not distinctly expanded distally; hind basitarsus wide, length 2.5x width; arolia absent; T1–T4 without lateral spines or swelling; T5 slight posterolateral swelling; T 6 in one plane extended posteromedially, with small ventrolateral spine, posterolateral and posteromedian tubercles, latter slightly emarginate posteromedially; T7 with narrow posterolateral spine (narrower than length), apically rounded median spine, concavity between median and lateral spines 1.5x median spine width; terminalia as in P. cordatum (cf. Fig. 16 ).

Distribution. This species appears to be widespread across the northern part of the Afrotropical Region ( Fig. 19 ).

Biology. It has been collected on flowers of Phaseolus lunatus (Fabaceae) , Stachytarpheta augustifolia (Verbenaceae) and Stylosanthes erecta (Fabaceae) ( Eardley and Urban 2010).

Material examined. Type material. Female holotype of Pachyanthidium bouyssoui var. tumbense : ‘ MUSEE DU CONGO Eala –Bokatola–Bikoro IX– X–1930 Dr P. Staner, R. DET. K 2548, Pachyanthidium bouyssoui v tumbense det. Ckll TYPE., TYPE’, RMCA.

Additional material. Ghana. Central Region, Stingless bee research station road, 2008. x.28, J. Giggs (1♀ YU) ; Central Region, Kakum Conservation area , 2005. i.18 (1♂ SANC) ; Aburi , 1991. ii.10, W. J. Pulawski (1♂ CAS) . Togo. Amaoude , 17km N Sokode, 1991. ii.18, W. J. Pulawski (1♀ CAS) . Cameroon. Nanga Eboko , 1959–1960, R. Lenczy (1♀ BBSL) . Central African Republic. Nola, 35km N, 2008. xii.12, J. Halada (1♂ MSAA) ; Kbaika , 55km NWN, 2008. xii.12 (1♂ MSAA) ; Bangai, 70km NNE, 2010. xi. 4–28, J. Halada (2♀ 1♂ MSAA). Gabon. Malela , 1915. vii.5, Lang Chapin (1♀ 2♂ AMNH, BBSL) ; Ogooue – Ivindo Dist. , Foret des Abeilles, Makande, 1995.x–xi, D. Roubik (1♀ BBSL) . Congo P.R. Lesio– Loun Fk 330m, 2008. ix.16–23 (1♂ BBSL) . Uganda. Entebbe , 1913. vii.30, C. C. Gowden (1♂ SANC) ; Bwamba, 1957.ii–iii, R. Carcasson (1♀ SANC); Kampala, 33km W, 1952.v, E. Pinhey (1♀ SANC) ; Kampala, 1963. ix.9, J. Owen (2♀ BBSL) . Tanzania. Mkomazi, near summit of Maji Kunanua , 1995. xii.7, G. N. Stone (1♂ SANC); Mikumi, 7km S, Ruaha River bank , Morogoro region, 2001. vi.19, M.H. Bourbin W.L. Pulawski (1♂ BBSL) .

Discussion. The specimens from Tanzania (Morogoro region), Ghana (Stingless bee research station road), Gabon and Cameroon are unusual in that they have a wide pronotal lamella. The syntypes of Anthidium bouyssoui could not be located in the TMSA where they were originally deposited.

Figures

FIGURE 16. Pachyanthidium cordatum (Smith). a. Female T 6. b – g. Male. b – c. T 6. d – f. S 6 – 8. g. Genitalia, dorsal view.

FIGURE 18. Pachyanthidium bouyssoui (Vachal). a – c. Female. a. Face. b. Habitus. c. T 6. d – f. Male. d. Face. e. Habitus. f. T 7.

FIGURE 19. Pachyanthidium bouyssoui (Vachal) (●) and Pachyanthidium paulinieri (Guérin – Méneville) (*), known distribution.