CRYPTOGEOBIIDAE, Kury, 2014

Kury, Adriano B., 2014, Why does the Tricommatinae position bounce so much within Laniatores? A cladistic analysis, with description of a new family of Gonyleptoidea (Opiliones, Laniatores), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172 (1), pp. 1-48 : 22-24

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1111/zoj.12165
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E987FA-A770-5C56-FED9-F9EBAF29F9BF
treatment provided by	Marcus
scientific name	CRYPTOGEOBIIDAE
status	fam. nov.

Treatment

CRYPTOGEOBIIDAE View in CoL FAM. NOV.

Type genus: Cryptogeobius Mello-Leitão, 1935 . It should be noted that the oldest genus is Pseudopachylus Roewer, 1912 . However, as there is a large number of gonyleptid genera ending in -pachylus, or containing pachylo-, which could potentially be used for family types (besides the existing Heteropachylinae, Pachylospeleinae), and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature ( ICZN, 1999) allows the use of any valid generic name to typify a family group name, a further component ending in -pachylinae is avoided here.

Diagnosis: (1) Dorsal scutum outline extremely variable, from alpha (e.g. Zalanodius ), gamma (e.g. Cryptogeobius ) to campaniform (e.g. Pseudopachylus ), passing through many diverse shapes often showing posterior constriction of abdominal scutum attenuate or lost (instead of typical alpha in Tricommatinae and gamma in most Gonyleptidae ); (2) ocularium extremely variable, it may be extremely depressed (e.g. Pararezendesius ), normal elliptical (e.g. Bresslauius ), extremely narrow (e.g. Bunostigma ), as a huge warty mound (undescribed genus), or marginal with strong hook (e.g. Bissulla ); (3) frontal hump of carapace either very high or entirely absent, ocularium either marginal or interior; (4) scutal areas mostly unarmed, in some species either area III or IV armed with paramedian or single spiniform apophysis; (5) mesotergal area I entire, without median longitudinal groove (instead of present, dividing area I into left and right halves); (6) stigmatic area fused with coxa IV along most of their area of contact (instead of clearly marked), sometimes with unique armature; (7) stigmata in some species may be significantly developed, placed on mounds or variedly orientated; (8) sternite II may bear lobes connected to coxal apophyses in male; (9) pedipalpus mostly generalized, with cylindrical articles and no special armature or elongation, but in some genera femur strongly concave and bearing mesal stridulatory grate (e.g. Pseudopachylus ); (10) chelicerae monomorphic; (11) calcaneus of metatarsus I of male swollen only in Taquara ; (12) leg I with all podomeres very thickened in male only in one species of Tibangara ; (13) distitarsus of leg I mostly trimerous, dimerous in Berlesecaptus for example; (14) leg II very elongate in male in some Paratricommatus ; (15) coxa II in situ much longer than coxa III; (16) coxa IV sexually dimorphic, larger in male and armed with dorsoapical spiniform apophysis and most important, varied and bizarre ventrodistal apophyses (often with fasciolate hyaline ones); (17) trochanter IV often with elaborate ventral and retrolateral armature (often with fasciolate hyaline apophysis), but without dorsal armature as in gonyleptids; (18) femur IV may show sexual dimorphism either in armature, swelling, or elongation, in some species being mitobatine-like − extremely long, straight, and unarmed; (19) tibia IV clavate or incrassate in some species; (20) coloration mostly shades of brown, never with white secretion patches or areas vividly coloured in yellow or green; (21) ventral plate of penis not defined as a single flattened plate, but as a malleus + lamina parva; (22) macrosetae A and B forming a girdle around the truncus; (23) secondary distal macrosetae (E1−E2) inserted ventrally on lamina parva ( LP), forming a rectangle; (24) stylus with a skirt attached to its middle (instead of a gonyleptid flabellum arising from its base).

Included genera (number of described species): Bissulla Roewer, 1929 (2), Bresslauius Mello-Leitão, 1935 (2), Bunostigma Mello-Leitão, 1935 (1), Camarana Mello- Leitão, 1935 (4, incl. Arruda Mello-Leitão, 1940 ), Cryptogeobius Mello-Leitão, 1935 (2, incl. Pirahya Roewer, 1949 ), Heteromeloleptes Mello-Leitão, 1931 (2), Lanesoares Roewer, 1949 (1), Pararezendesius H. Soares, 1972 (1), Paratricommatus Piza, 1943 (8, incl. Corcovadesia Soares & Soares, 1954 , Neoarminda Özdikmen & Kury, 2006 , Soaresula Roewer, 1949 ), Pseudopachylus Roewer, 1912 (3), Pseudophalangodes Roewer, 1912 (1), Rezendesius H. Soares, 1945 (1), Spinopilar Mello-Leitão, 1940 (7, incl. Machairoscelis Kury, 2003 , Segundolus Roewer, 1949 ), Taquara Mello- Leitão, 1936 (2), Tibangara Mello-Leitão, 1940 (2, incl., Tachusina Strand, 1942 ), Zalanodius Mello-Leitão, 1936 (6, incl. Berlesecaptus Mello-Leitão, 1940 , Simonoleptes Soares & Soares, 1954 ). Uncertain genus: four species in Camarana and Pseudopachylus .

Taxonomic notes: In contrast to the Tricommatinae, which are much less diverse, taxonomy is not treated here in detail, except for the description of the new Paramitraceras and redescription of Zalanodius convexus , which was hitherto unillustrated and lacked type material. A detailed synopsis of literature records may be found in Kury (2003a). Only nomenclatural acts derived from (or justified by) the new proposed hypothesis of phylogeny are listed below. The equals sign (‘=’) used here means ‘newly considered a senior subjective synonym of’.

All included genera cited above are newly transferred from Tricommatinae to Cryptogeobiidae , except for Berlesecaptus Mello-Leitão, 1940 , and Simonoleptes Soares & Soares, 1954 , newly transferred respectively from Grassatores incertae sedis and Phalangodidae Phalangodinae to Cryptogeobiidae .

Bissulla singularis ( Soares & Soares, 1949) View in CoL comb. nov. made for Paramitraceras singularis Soares & Soares, 1949 , currently in Machairoscelis .

Camarana Mello-Leitão, 1935 View in CoL = Arruda Mello-Leitão, 1940 syn. nov.

Camarana insignis ( Mello-Leitão, 1940) View in CoL comb. nov. made for Arruda insignis Mello-Leitão, 1940 .

Camarana pectinata ( Mello-Leitão, 1940) View in CoL comb. nov. made for Arruda pectinata Mello-Leitão, 1940 .

Camarana minor Mello-Leitão, 1935 View in CoL = Arruda mutilata Mello-Leitão, 1940 syn. nov.

Paratricommatus Piza, 1943 View in CoL = Liops Mello-Leitão, 1940 [invalid, junior homonym, see Kury & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2011], = Poecilosophus Mello-Leitão, 1948 , = Soaresula Roewer, 1949 , = Arminda Roewer, 1949 View in CoL , = Corcovadesia Soares & Soares, 1954 , = Buzioleptes H. Soares, 1966 , = Neoarminda Özdikmen & Kury, 2006 , all syn. nov. (some of them transferred from other synonyms).