Lasioglossum (Dialictus) helianthi ( Cockerell, 1916 )

Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason, 2023, Revision of the Nearctic species of the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) gemmatum species complex (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 858 (1), pp. 1-222 : 92-100

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) helianthi ( Cockerell, 1916)

Figs 30–32 , 76G , 106B , 107B , 109B , 110A , 115A

Halictus helianthi Cockerell, 1916: 77 (holotype, ♀, deposited in USNM, examined).

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) imbrex Gibbs, 2010: 153 (holotype, ♀, deposited in PCYU, examined).

Halictus (Chloralictus) helianthi – Michener 1936: 283 (male description).

Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) tegulariforme – Michener 1951: 1118 (in part, synonymy by Timberlake, catalogue).

Dialictus tegulariformis – Hurd 1979: 1929 (in part, catalogue). — Moure & Hurd 1987: 133 (in part, catalogue).

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) helianthi – Gardner & Gibbs 2022: 6 (resurrection from synonymy, synonymy with L. imbrex ).

Diagnosis

Females of L. helianthi have the tegula relatively small (maximum length about half or less ITS and reaching but not exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin weakly concave and a posterior point usually narrower than 0.5 OD, and usually densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD); mesoscutum finely, densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD in posterior half and 4–5 punctures between posterior end of parapsidal line and lateral edge of mesoscutum) and entirely tessellate; metapostnotum with coarse anastomosing rugae reaching posterior margin; T1–T2 discs moderately densely and uniformly punctate (IS = 1–2 PD); T1 anterior slope usually coriarious; T3 usually with sparse tomentum throughout disc, paraocular area punctures larger and sparser than frons punctures; and gena narrower than eye in lateral view.

Females of L. helianthi are most similar to those of L. angelicum sp. nov., L. ellisiae , L. gaudiale , and L. tegulariforme , all of which (except L. tegulariforme ) have T3 with tomentum limited to basolateral patches and, rarely, a sparse, medially interrupted subapical band. In addition, females of L. angelicum have the mesoscutum usually more coarsely or sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD in posterior half and/or 2–3 punctures between posterior end of parapsidal line and lateral edge of mesoscutum), sometimes shiny, and tegula larger (maximum length more than half ITS and exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin strongly concave and a rounded posterior projection close to 1 lateral OD in size, and more densely punctate (IS <1 PD). Females of L. ellisiae have the mesoscutum sometimes shiny posteriorly and slightly more sparsely punctate (most IS = 1 PD). Females of L. gaudiale have the mesoscutum more coarsely punctate (as in L. angelicum ), T1 anterior slope shiny, and gena about as wide as eye in lateral view. Females of L. tegulariforme have the tegula larger and more densely punctate (as in L. angelicum ), paraocular area punctures as large and dense as frons punctures, and T1 with an impunctate median line about 1 OD wide.

Males of L. helianthi have the tegula relatively small (as in the female); mesoscutum entirely densely punctate (IS <1 PD); metapostnotum usually shiny with strong anastomosing rugae; and discs of T1–T2 deeply and moderately densely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD) with some punctures extending onto apical rims.

Males of L. helianthi are most similar to those of L. angelicum sp. nov., L. diabolicum sp. nov., L. ellisiae , and L. tegulariforme . Males of L. angelicum have the tegula larger (exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin strongly concave with a rounded posterior projection close to 1 lateral OD in size, and more densely punctate (IS <1 PD); and mesoscutum usually more sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD). Males of L. diabolicum have the discs of T1–T2 finely and moderately sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD) and the mesoscutum usually more sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD). Males of L. ellisiae have the T1–T2 apical rims impunctate and metapostnotum usually with subparallel rugae. Males of L. tegulariforme have the tegula larger (as in L. angelicum ) and discs of T1–T2 (especially T1 medially) more sparsely punctate (IS = 1–3 PD).

Etymology

Cockerell (1916) named this species after the sunflowers it was collected on, Helianthus lenticularis Douglas ex Lindl. (= Helianthus annuus L.).

Material examined

Holotype UNITED STATES – California • ♀; Orange; [33.79° N, 117.85° W]; 16 Aug. 1915; Cockerell leg.; ex Helianthus lenticulatus ; USNM .

Other material

CANADA – British Columbia • 1 ♀; Haynes Lease Ecological Reserve ; 49.0874° N, 119.5178° W; 11 May 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU729331 • 3 ♀♀; ibid.; 24 May 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU729043 , SFU729092 , SFU729224 • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 8 Jun. 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU731264 , SFU731988 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 23 Jun. 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU733517 • 1 ♀; Kennedy Bench Cons. Area ; 49.2621° N, 119.5093° W; 10 May 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU731005 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 8 Jul. 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU734663 • 6 ♀♀; ibid.; 21 Jul. 2010; S. Elwell leg.; WRME SFU728265 , SFU728292 , SFU728307 , SFU728317 , SFU728334 , SFU728337 • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Mount Kruger , Strawberry Creek Road; 49.0294° N, 119.4948° W; elev. 420 m; 14 Jun. 2008; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU LRB-4507 • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Mount Kruger , Strawberry Creek Road; 49.0304° N, 119.4928° W; elev. 420 m; 24 Jul. 2008; Lincoln R. Best leg.; WRME 518950 • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Mount Kruger , Strawberry Creek Road; 49.0359° N, 119.5007° W; elev. 390 m; 1–2 May 2009; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU LRB09-2646 • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Mount Kruger , Strawberry Creek Road; 49.0382° N, 119.5095° W; elev. 505 m; 15 Jun. 2008; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU LRB-4712 • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Mount Kruger , Strawberry Creek Road; 49.0421° N, 119.5114° W; elev. 505 m; 16 Jul. 2008; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU LRB-2325 • 2 ♀♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Road 22, Okanagan River ; 49.0895° N, 119.5358° W; elev. 280 m; 22 Apr. 2009; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Osoyoos, Strawberry Creek Road; 49.0285° N, 119.4931° W; elev. 440 m; 1–3 May 2009; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Okanagan-Similkameen Reg. Dist., Summerland, Garnet Lake ; 49.6879° N, 119.7761° W; elev. 650 m; 18 Jul. 2008; Lincoln R. Best leg.; PCYU • 1 ♂; Oliver, Atsiklak Creek ; [49.183° N, 119.519° W]; 30 Jun. 1996; Gord E. Hutchings leg.; GEH • 1 ♀; Osoyoos, Inkameep L. R.; [49.04° N, 119.44° W]; 30 Jun. 1996; Gord E. Hutchings leg.; GEH • 1 ♀; Osoyoos, Mount Kobau ; [49.11° N, 119.66° W]; elev. 560 m; 30 May–2 Jun. 1991; D. Blades, C. Maier leg.; RBCM ENT992-694 • 1 ♀; Penticton, West Bench pond, 5 km E of Mac’s Lake; [49.5° N, 119.6° W]; 28 Apr. 1988; C.S. Guppy leg.; RBCM ENT991-3465 .

UNITED STATES – California • 1 ♀; Alameda Co., Berkeley, 2601 Milvia Street ; [37.8616° N, 122.2694° W]; 13 Jul. 1996; John S. Ascher leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Contra Costa Co., Bethel Island, Piper Slough ; [38.04° N, 121.64° W]; 1 Sep. 2006; John S. Ascher leg.; AMNH • 4 ♂♂; Contra Costa Co., Urban Martinez ; [38.02° N, 122.13° W]; 22 Aug. 2005; G.W. Frankie, M. Urbina, V. Wojcik, N.N. Lanni leg.; BBSL647249 , BBSL647251 , BBSL647252 , BBSL647256 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 21 Sep. 2005; G.W. Frankie, M. Urbina, V. Wojcik , N.N. Lanni leg.; BBSL647112 • 1 ♀; El Dorado Co., Crocker Creek area; 38.7406° N, 121.0232° W; elev. 315 m; 17 Aug. 2018; D. Burge leg.; ex Helianthus californicus ; SOUM • 1 ♀; El Dorado Co., Pine Hill ; 38.7199° N, 120.9891° W; elev. 605 m; 6 Aug. 2017; D. Burge leg.; ex Centaurea solstitialis ; SOUM • 1 ♀; ibid.; 4 Sep. 2017; D. Burge leg.; ex Ericameria arborescens ; SOUM • 2 ♀♀; El Dorado Co., Salmon Falls area; 38.7601° N, 121.032° W; elev. 340 m; 17 Aug. 2018; D. Burge leg.; ex Perideridia kelloggii ; SOUM • 3 ♀♀; Fresno Co., North of Jacolitos Creek ; 36.054° N, 120.4758° W; 22 Apr. 1996; R.T. Griswold, S. Griswold, L. Griswold leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000158779, FaunalSurvey No. 000158780, FaunalSurvey No. 000158782 • 1 ♀; Humboldt Co., Garberville ; [40.1° N, 123.79° W]; 19 Apr. 1935; ex Cercocorpus betulifolius ; UCMC • 1 ♀; Inyo Co., Surprise Canyon ; [36.11° N, 117.15° W]; 5 May 1972; William P. MacKay leg.; NMSU • 1 ♀; Inyo Co., Surprise Canyon, Panamint Mountains; [36.11° N, 117.15° W]; 24Apr. 1957; P.D. Hurd leg.; ex Eriogonum inflatum ; EMEC • 1 ♀; Kern Co., Sand Canyon 3 miles west of Brown ; [35.78° N, 117.9° W]; 7 Apr. 1966; R. M. Bohart leg.; UCDC • 3 ♀♀; Kern Co., Short Canyon ; 35.7093° N, 117.9112° W; elev. 1200 m; 21–29 May 2008; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP151834 , FDP151839 , FDP151877 • 1 ♀; Kern Co.; 35.5971° N, 118.5056° W; 1 Jun. 2018; A. Anderson, A. James leg.; CUIC • 3 ♀♀; Lake Co., Siegler Canyon Creek , 0.5 miles west Lower Lake; 38.9073° N, 122.6235° W; 29–31 Aug. 2017; Paul A. Rude leg.; EMEC • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Charmlee Wilderness ; 34.0613° N, 118.8781° W; elev. 410 m; 12 Apr. 2018; S.B. Lerman leg.; ASUHIC LA-REF-CW-BB-1 848 • 15 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Los Angeles Co., Chatsworth ; 34.26° N, 118.601° W; 1–8 Jul. 2017; LACM • 3 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂; Los Angeles Co., Claremont ; 34.0894° N, 117.7111° W; 1–8 Jul. 2016; LACM • 4 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 1–8 Aug. 2016; LACM • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Eagle Rock ; 34.13° N, 118.23° W; elev. 169.9 m; 15–21 Jul. 2018; Hannah Hayes leg.; LACM ENT 380964 • 4 ♀♀; Los Angeles Co., Eagle Rock ; 34.13° N, 118.23° W; 15–21 Jul. 2018; Hannah Hayes leg.; LACM • 1 ♂; Los Angeles Co., Elysian Park ; 34.078° N, 118.234° W; 31 May–7 Jun. 2014; Eric Harding, Victoria Harding leg.; LACM ENT 394544 • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Elysian Park ; 34.08° N, 118.23° W; elev. 147.9 m; 18–20 Jul. 2018; Hannah Hayes leg.; LACM ENT 376841 • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Elysian Park ; 34.08° N, 118.23° W; 18–20 Jul. 2018; Hannah Hayes leg.; LACM • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Glendale ; 34.15° N, 118.22° W; 19–21 Jul. 2018; Hannah Hayes leg.; LACM • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Highland Park ; 34.13° N, 118.19° W; 20–22 Jul. 2018; Hannah Hayes leg.; LACM • 4 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂; Los Angeles Co., Hollywood sign; [34.13° N, 118.32° W]; LACM • 1 ♂; Los Angeles Co., Larchmont ; 34.077° N, 118.32° W; 31 May–7 Jun. 2014; K. T. Wiegman leg.; LACM ENT 394541 • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Pasadena ; [34.15° N, 118.14° W]; 8 Apr. 1909; F. Grinnell Jr. leg.; UCMC • 2 ♂♂; Los Angeles Co., Pasadena, Arroyo below 134 bridge; [34.145° N, 118.166° W]; 23 Jun. 1996; John S.Ascher leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co., Torrance ; 33.8712° N, 118.331° W; 13–23 Jul. 2017; LACM • 3 ♀♀; Los Angeles Co., Zuma Canyon ; 34.0325° N, 118.8119° W; elev. 30 m; 5 May 2018; S.B. Lerman leg.; ASUHIC LA-REF-ZC-BB-2 273, LA-REF-ZC-BB-2 283, LA-REF-ZC-BB-2 295 • 1 ♂; Los Angeles Co.; 34.097° N, 118.714° W; 30 May 2008; M. Caterina leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106311 • 1 ♀; Los Angeles Co.; 34.1116° N, 118.7773° W; 30 May 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 105625 • 1 ♀; Marin Co., Alpine Lake ; [37.95° N, 122.62° W]; elev. 335 m; 22 Apr. 1978; H.E.M. Dobson leg.; ex Arctostaphylos pungens var. montana ; UCDC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 7 May 1978; H.E.M. Dobson leg.; ex Eriodictyon californicum ; UCDC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 31 May 1978; H.E.M. Dobson leg.; ex Adenostoma fasciculatum ; UCDC • 1 ♀; Marin Co., Mount Tamalpais ; [37.92° N, 122.6° W]; 6 Apr. 1913; E.C. Van Dyke leg.; CAS • 1 ♀; Mariposa Co., Forest Road , 1.1 mi. S of Eagle Peak; 37.6727° N, 119.7902° W; elev. 576 m; 24 May 2005; L. Fuerst, Jason J. Gibbs, E. Stephens leg.; PCYU • 1 ♂; Monterey Co., 10 miles north of Parkfield ; [36.04° N, 120.43° W]; 24 Apr. 1966; D. R. Miller leg.; UCDC • 2 ♀♀; Monterey Co., North of Mill Creek ; 36.0002° N, 121.475° W; 30 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000157032, FaunalSurvey No. 000157033 • 3 ♀♀; Napa Co., 3.5 mi. E of Calistoga ; 38.593° N, 122.521° W; 27 Jun. 2018; Paul A. Rude leg.; EMEC • 2 ♀♀; Napa Co., 5.5 km NW of Moskowite Corner, Capell Creek ; [38.48° N, 122.24° W]; elev. 200 m; 12 Jun. 1977; Paul H.Arnaud Jr. leg.; CAS CASENT 8416766 , CASENT 8416767 • 1 ♀; Nevada Co., Baxter ; [39.21° N, 120.78° W]; 18 Jun. 1999; John S. Ascher leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Plumas Co., Lake Almanor ; [40.27° N, 121.14° W]; 3 Jul. 1949; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1400102 • 1 ♂; Riverside Co., Aguanga ; [33.44° N, 116.87° W]; 25 Jul. 1995; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1391691 • 1 ♂; Riverside Co., Bautista Canyon ; [33.7° N, 116.85° W]; 18 May 1974; UCRC ENT 525722 • 4 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂; Riverside Co., Norco ; 33.912° N, 117.5702° W; 1–8 Jun. 2016; LACM • 1 ♀; Sacramento Co., 10 miles northeast of Folsom ; [38.78° N, 121.04° W]; 11 May 1960; M.S. Wasbauer leg.; ex Eriodictyon californicum ; UCDC • 1 ♂; Sacramento Co., Sacramento ; [38.58° N, 121.48° W]; 19 May 1960; M.S. Wasbauer leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; Sacramento Co.; 38.7647° N, 121.5915° W; 18 Jul. 2014; C. McConnell leg.; ex Eschscholzia californica ; UCDC FORB2014500384 • 1 ♀; San Benito Co., Bear Valley ; 36.4957° N, 121.1407° W; 23 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold, R.T. Griswold leg.; ex Eschscholzia californica ; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000157298 • 1 ♀; San Benito Co., Clear Creek ; 36.3695° N, 120.7488° W; 23 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000155481 • 1 ♀; San Benito Co., Clear Creek ; 36.38° N, 120.7057° W; 23 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000157198 • 3 ♀♀; San Benito Co., Hernandez Valley ; 36.357° N, 120.7825° W; 23 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; ex Eschscholzia californica ; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000157476, FaunalSurvey No. 000157477, FaunalSurvey No. 000157478 • 1 ♂; San Benito Co., San Benito River ; 36.3233° N, 120.7162° W; 22 May 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000162541 • 2 ♀♀; San Benito Co., San Benito River ; 36.3785° N, 120.9177° W; 23 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; ex Eschscholzia californica ; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000157348, FaunalSurvey No. 000157349 • 1 ♀; San Benito Co., San Benito River ; 36.401° N, 120.9508° W; 23 Apr. 1996; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000157370 • 1 ♀; San Diego Co., Anza-Borrego, Lost Valley Road ; 33.3746° N, 116.6141° W; 2 May 2015; K.J. Hung, Cen, Davids leg.; WRME 518951 • 1 ♂; San Diego Co., Anza-Borrego, Lost Valley Road ; 33.378° N, 116.591° W; 13 Jun. 2015; K.J. Hung, Cen, White leg.; WRME 518952 • 3 ♂♂; San Diego Co., Descanso ; 32.835° N, 116.6233° W; elev. 1280 m; 30–31 May 2002; F.D. Parker, M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL586866 , BBSL586949 , BBSL586967 • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; San Mateo Co., Stanford University Campus Experimental Area ; [37.42° N, 122.2° W]; 1969–1970; A. R. Moldenke leg.; CAS • 1 ♀; Santa Barbara Co., Cañada del Medio, Santa Cruz Island ; [34.01° N, 119.8° W]; 3 May 1968; D. R. Miller leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 5 May 1968; R. O. Schuster leg.; UCDC • 2 ♀♀; Santa Barbara Co., Santa Cruz Island ; 33.9973° N, 119.7141° W; elev. 64 m; 15 Mar. 2019; CCBER UCSB-IZC00030321 , UCSB-IZC00030522 • 1 ♀; Santa Clara Co., 3 mi. N of San Antonio Junction ; [37.43° N, 121.49° W]; 28 May 1999; John S. Ascher leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Santa Clara Co., 6 mi. W of San Antonio Junction ; [37.48° N, 121.49° W]; 28 May 1999; John S. Ascher leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Stanislaus Co., Dry Creek ; 37.7061° N, 120.7285° W; 20 Apr. 2015; L. Rowe leg.; ex Eschscholzia californica ; UCDC FORB201570470 • 1 ♀; Stanislaus Co., rest area, Highway 99 SE of Turlock; 37.4639° N, 120.8272° W; elev. 32 m; 13 Jun. 2010; John S. Ascher leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Tehama Co.; [40° N, 122° W]; 26 Apr. 1913; F.W. Nunenmacher leg.; EMEC • 1 ♀; Trinity Co., Weaverville ; 40.7223° N, 122.9303° W; 25 Jun. 1981; D.M. Gordon leg.; BBSL1100720 • 1 ♀; Tuolumne Co., Poopenaut Valley , 1.2 mi. SW by S of Dam; 37.9341° N, 119.8005° W; elev. 1060 m; 30 Jun. 2005; L. Fuerst leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Ventura Co.; 34.0586° N, 118.9729° W; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106102 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106104 • 1 ♀; Ventura Co.; 34.0689° N, 118.9579° W; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106152 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106151 • 1 ♀; Yolo Co.; 38.5365° N, 121.7883° W; 25 Mar. 2016; S. Cibotti leg.; ex Calandrinia menziesii ; UCDC FORB201630020 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 28 Sep. 2016; B. Beyer leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCDC FORB201631218 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 28 Sep. 2016; B. Beyer leg.; ex Trichostema lanceolatum ; UCDC FORB201631223 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 5 Oct. 2016; B. Beyer leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCDC FORB201631230 • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 12 Oct. 2016; B. Beyer leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCDC FORB201631240 , FORB201631243 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 20 Oct. 2016; A. Buderi leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCDC FORB201631250 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 5 Jul. 2017; B. Beyer leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCDC FORB201730582 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 2 Aug. 2017; B. Beyer leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCDC FORB201730942 • 1 ♀; Yolo Co.; 38.5737° N, 121.9363° W; 20 Jul. 2016; R. Deleray leg.; ex Chenopodium album ; UCDC FORB201663389 • 1 ♀; Yolo Co.; 38.5767° N, 121.9462° W; 25 Aug. 2016; S. Cibotti leg.; ex Physalis lancifolia ; UCDC FORB201663576 • 1 ♀; Yolo Co.; 38.6239° N, 121.9915° W; 8 Jun. 2011; N.S.L. Pope leg.; ex Eschscholzia californica ; WRME FORB201101086 • 1 ♀; Yuba Co., Sierra Foothill Range F S, 18 mi. NE of Marysville; 39.2752° N, 121.2929° W; 30 Sep. 1984; D.M. Gordon leg.; BBSL1100721 • 1 ♂; 0.4 mi. E of Amador City ; 38.4208° N, 120.8188° W; 9 Sep. 2017; Paul A. Rude leg.; EMEC 1223126 • 1 ♀; Avalon ; [33.34° N, 118.33° W]; 1 Sep.; Theodore D.A. Cockerell leg.; ex [Meyundi?]; UCMC • 1 ♀; Berkeley ; [37.87° N, 122.27° W]; 13 Sep. 1947; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1355326 • 1 ♀; Cape Canyon ; [33.354° N, 118.434° W]; 22 Jun.; Theodore D.A. Cockerell leg.; ex Opuntia ; UCMC • 2 ♀♀; Davis ; [38.54° N, 121.74° W]; 29 Sep. 1962; M.E. Irwin leg.; UCDC • 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Niles Canyon ; [37.59° N, 121.93° W]; 16 Jul.; W.M. Giffard leg.; CAS • 1 ♂; Riverside ; [33.97° N, 117.32° W]; 14 Sep. 1924; Philip H. Timberlake leg.; ex annual Eriogonum ; UCMC • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 17 Feb. 1925; Philip H. Timberlake leg.; ex Eriogonum fasciculatum ; UCMC • 1 ♀; Santa Barbara ; [34.42° N, 119.7° W]; 16 Jul. 1937; Theodore D.A. Cockerell leg.; ex [m* daisy]; UCMC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 20 Jul. 1937; Theodore D.A. Cockerell leg.; ex fennel; CAS • 1 ♀; ibid.; 20 Jul. 1937; Theodore D.A. Cockerell leg.; ex fennel; UCMC • 11 ♀♀; Santa Monica Mountains ; 34.0464° N, 118.8976° W; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106081 , USGS-DRO 106082 , USGS-DRO 106084 , USGS-DRO 106085 , USGS-DRO 106086 , USGS-DRO 106087 , USGS-DRO 106088 , USGS-DRO 106090 , USGS-DRO 106091 , USGS-DRO 106095 , USGS-DRO 106096 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106089 • 1 ♀; Santa Monica Mountains ; 34.0562° N, 118.8964° W; 1 Jun. 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 106075 • 7 ♀♀; Santa Monica Mountains ; 34.1419° N, 118.7767° W; 31 May 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 105800 , USGS-DRO 105929 , USGS-DRO 105945 , USGS-DRO 106011 , USGS-DRO 106036 , USGS-DRO 106055 , USGS-DRO 106092 • 3 ♂♂; ibid.; 31 May 2008; Sam W. Droege leg.; PCYU USGS-DRO 105985 , USGS-DRO 105994 , USGS-DRO 106031 • 1 ♀; Santa Ynez ; [34.61° N, 120.08° W]; 12 Apr. 1963; M.E. Irwin leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; Tueeulala Falls ; [37.962° N, 119.772° W]; elev. 1225 m; 26 Jul. 2005; E. Stephens leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; ibid.; 26 Jul. 2005; H. Briggs, E. Stephens leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Westlake Village ( Upper Lake Road ); 34.1347° N, 118.8744° W; elev. 312 m; 12 Feb. 2017; T. M. Onuferko leg.; CMNC. – Hawaii • 1 ♀; Oahu Co.; 21.3119° N, 157.8879° W; 1–2 Mar. 2012; Sam W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296886 • 1 ♀; Oahu Co.; 21.3152° N, 157.89° W; 1–2 Mar. 2012; Sam W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297489 • 1 ♀; Oahu Co.; 21.3179° N, 157.8912° W; 1–2 Mar. 2012; Sam W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297428 • 1 ♀; Oahu Co.; 21.3213° N, 157.886° W; 1–2 Mar. 2012; Sam W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 297300 • 1 ♀; Oahu Co.; 21.5522° N, 158.0527° W; 7–8 Mar. 2012; Sam W. Droege leg.; WRME USGS-DRO 296874 . – Idaho • 1 ♀; Canyon Co., Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge ; 43.5528° N, 116.6414° W; 5 Jul. 2012; Sabrina Seidel leg.; FWSE • 2 ♀♀; Cassia Co., Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge ; 42.6559° N, 113.367° W; 26 May 2016; Ty Matthews leg.; FWSE • 1 ♂; Franklin Co., 3 mi. W of Preston ; [42.09° N, 111.93° W]; 6 Aug. 1973; P.F. Torchio leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1600661 • 3 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; Gooding Co., Wood R. 1 mi. NE of Gooding; [42.95° N, 114.7° W]; 6–7 Jul. 1980; M.S. Wasbauer, K.M. Wasbauer leg.; CUIC • 3 ♀♀; Oneida Co., Rock Creek ; [42.2° N, 112.7° W]; 13 Jul. 1972; G.F. Knowlton leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000073342, FaunalSurvey No. 000073344 • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 17 Jul. 1972; G.F. Knowlton leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000073343, FaunalSurvey No. 000073345 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 17 Jul. 1972; G.F. Knowlton leg.; CUIC • 1 ♂; ibid.; 28 Aug. 1974; G.F. Knowlton leg.; BBSL FaunalSurvey No. 000073346 • 1 ♀; Oneida Co., Twin Springs on Oregon Trail ; [42.26° N, 112.76° W]; 6 Jul. 1972; G.F. Knowlton leg.; UMSP • 1 ♂; Owyhee Co., 6.3 mi. SE of Murphy ; [43.15° N, 116.46° W]; 16 Jun. 1962; G.I. Stage leg.; AMNH. – Montana • 1 ♀; Missoula ; [46.87° N, 113.99° W]; 11 Aug. 1931; R. H. Beamer leg.; SEMC. – Nevada • 2 ♀♀; Mineral Co., 4.5 mi. S of Schurz ; [38.95° N, 118.81° W]; 20 Jul. 1982; W.J. Pulawski leg.; CAS CASENT 8416785 , CASENT 8416786 • 1 ♀; Austin ; [39.49° N, 117.07° W]; 12 Aug. 1940; D.E. Hardy leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; ibid.; 12 Aug. 1940; L.C. Kuitert leg.; SEMC. – Oregon • 1 ♀; Harney Co., Malheur National Wildlife Refuge ; 42.8082° N, 118.8701° W; 17–18 Jun. 2012; Marilyn Kircus leg.; FWSE • 1 ♀; Harney Co., Malheur National Wildlife Refuge ; 42.8277° N, 118.8874° W; 14 Jul. 2010; Linda Beck leg.; FWSE • 1 ♂; Hood River Co., near Parkdale, West Fork Hood River ; [45.57° N, 121.66° W]; elev. 335 m; 10 Jul. 1978; Nancy L. Herman leg.; AMNH • 2 ♀♀; Jackson Co., Ashland ; 42.083° N, 122.7321° W; 15 Jul. 2019; Joe Engler leg.; FWSE • 2 ♀♀; Jefferson Co., Cove Palisades State Park ; [44.54° N, 121.28° W]; 25 Jul. 2001; Laurence Packer leg.; PCYU PYU-382 , PYU-391 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 25 Jul. 2001; Laurence Packer leg.; PCYU PYU-389 • 3 ♀♀; Lane Co., near McCredie Hot Springs, Highway 58 east of Oak Ridge ; [43.7° N, 122.28° W]; 27 Jul. 2001; Laurence Packer leg.; PCYU PYU-423 , PYU-435 , PYU-439 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 27 Jul. 2001; Laurence Packer leg.; PCYU PYU-426 • 1 ♀; Multnomah Co., Government Island Habitat Restoration Project ; 45.582° N, 122.5336° W; 25 May 2017; M. Blackburn, R. Hatfield leg.; FWSE • 1 ♀; Farewell Bend S. P.; 44.3096° N, 117.2206° W; elev. 659 m; 27 Jun. 2007; Jason J. Gibbs, C. Sheffield leg.; PCYU • 2 ♀♀; Portland ; [45.52° N, 122.68° W]; 26 Jul. 2017; Gail Langellotto leg.; OSAC • 3 ♀♀; Portland ; [45.52° N, 122.68° W]; 28 Jul. 2017; Gail Langellotto leg.; OSAC • 1 ♀; Tumalo Reservoir near Bend ; [44.14° N, 121.42° W]; 23 Jun. 1954; G.F. Knowlton leg.; SEMC. – Utah • 1 ♀; Cache Co., Sherwood Hills ; 41.5899° N, 111.978° W; 18 May 2007; V. J. Tepedino leg.; ex Isatis tinctoria ; BBSL766134 • 1 ♀; Weber Co., Roy ; [41.16° N, 112.03° W]; 2 Jun. 1967; G.F. Knowlton leg.; BBSL700689 • 1 ♀; Mantua ; [41.5° N, 111.95° W]; Jul. 1940; G.F. Knowlton, William P. Nye leg.; BBSL700687 • 1 ♀; Wellsville ; [41.64° N, 111.93° W]; 13 May 1954; George E. Bohart leg.; ex Lomatium dissectium ; SEMC. – Washington • 1 ♀; Pierce Co.; 47.105° N, 122.505° W; elev. 88 m; 19 Apr. 2009; C. Fimbel leg.; PCYU-WA:90419627 .

Range

Cascadia bioregion, northern Great Basin, California , and Hawaii ( Fig. 32 ).

Floral hosts

AMARANTHACEAE : Chenopodium L.: C. album L. • APIACEAE : Foeniculum Mill. : F. vulgare Mill. • Lomatium Raf. : L. dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance • Perideridia Rchb. : P. kelloggii (A.Gray) Mathias • ASTERACEAE : Centaurea L.: C. solstitialis L. • Ericameria Nutt. : E. arborescens (A.Gray) Greene • Helianthus : H. annuus • H. californicus DC. • BORAGINACEAE : Eriodictyon : E. californicum (Hook. &Arn.) Torr. • BRASSICACEAE : Isatis L.: I. tinctoria L. • CACTACEAE : Opuntia • ERICACEAE Juss. : Arctostaphylos Adans. : A. hookeri G.Don : A. h. subsp. montana (Eastw.) P.V.Wells • LAMIACEAE : Trichostema L.: T. lanceolatum Benth. • PAPAVERACEAE : Eschscholzia Cham. : E. californica Cham. • POLYGONACEAE : Eriogonum : E. fasciculatum • E. inflatum • PORTULACACEAE Juss. : Calandrinia Kunth : C. ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. • ROSACEAE : Adenostoma Hook. & Arn. : A. fasciculatum Hook. & Arn. • Cercocarpus Kunth : C. betulaefolius [ambiguous] • SOLANACEAE : Physalis .

Additional records from Gibbs (2010): APOCYNACEAE : Asclepias • ASTERACEAE : Achillea L.: A. millefolium L.

DNA barcodes

Ten confirmed sequences available (BOLD process IDs: DLII1375-08, DLII1400-08, DLII1416-08, DLII1518-08, DLIII143-19, DLIII144-19, DLIII145-19, BCLRB754-10, BCLRB755-10, BCLRB817-10). There is a small amount of divergence within these sequences (0.16% maximum intraspecific p-distance). They are closest in terms of p-distance to L. gaudiale (1.07% minimum interspecific p-distance). One fixed nucleotide substitution distinguishes L. helianthi from all other Nearctic L. gemmatum complex species: 639(C) (Supp. file 2).

Comments

Lasioglossum imbrex was recorded from Alberta in Gibbs (2010), but all of the Alberta specimens were subsequently re-examined and determined as L. stictaspis in Gardner & Gibbs (2022). These specimens were not labelled as paratypes and it was not realised until after publication of Gardner & Gibbs (2022) that they were originally listed as such, and that the L. imbrex type series was mixed.

Figures

Fig. 30. Lasioglossum (D.) helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♀, holotype (USNM). A. Lateral habitus.B. Dorsal habitus. C. Face. D. Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 31. Lasioglossum (D.) helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♂ (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Face. D. Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 32. Georeferenced collection records of Lasioglossum (D.) helianthi (Cockerell, 1916) (black squares) and predicted distribution by maximum entropy ecological niche modelling in Maxent (colour shading). Warmer colours indicate higher cloglog probability of occurrence.

Fig. 76. Male genitalia illustrated in dorsal view and positioned such that the gonostylus is parallel to the plane of vision. Retrorse lobes are also illustrated separately to the bottom left of each figure in lateral view, positioned parallel to the plane of vision. A. Lasioglossum (D.) angelicum sp. nov.B. L. (D.) coactus (Cresson, 1872). C. L. (D.) deludens sp. nov. D. L. (D.) diabolicum sp. nov.E. L. (D.) gaudiale (Sandhouse, 1924). F. L. (D.) gloriosum sp. nov. (the retrorse lobe was not visible for illustration). G. L. (D.) helianthi (Cockerell, 1916). H. L. (D.) holzenthali sp. nov. I. L. (D.) indagator sp. nov. J. L. (D.) magnitegula sp. nov. K. L. (D.) perparvum (Ellis, 1914). L. L. (D.) profoundum sp. nov. M. L. (D.) pseudotegulare (Cockerell, 1896). N. L. (D.) rufodeludens sp. nov. This genital capsule was damaged during dissection and some details may be slightly distorted.O. L. (D.) stictaspis (Sandhouse, 1923) (holotype) (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). P. L. (D.) tegulariforme (Crawford, 1907) (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 106. Metasomal terga. A. Lasioglossum coactus (Cresson, 1872), ♂, T1–T3 each strongly convex with abruptly depressed apical rim. B. L. helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♂, T1–T3 each weakly convex with apical rim weakly depressed. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 107. T2. A. Lasioglossum coactus Cresson, 1872), ♂, apical rim deeply depressed and impunctate, contrasting with very densely punctate disc. B. L. helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♂, apical rim flat with gradual change in punctation across premarginal line. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 109. T1–T2. A. Lasioglossum tegulariforme (Crawford, 1907), ♂, T1 more sparsely punctate than T2 and apical rims impunctate. B. L. helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♂, T1 and T2 uniformly punctate with some punctures on apical rims. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 110. Tegulae. A. Lasioglossum helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♂, with smaller posterior projection (outline on left) barely exceeding mesoscutum posterior margin. B. L. angelicum sp. nov., ♂, with larger posterior projection (outline on left) clearly exceeding mesoscutum posterior margin. The white circle corresponds to 1 lateral OD. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 115. Tegulae. A. Lasioglossum helianthi (Cockerell, 1916), ♂, inner posterior margin concave with distinct posterior projection (outline on left). B. L. perparvum (Ellis, 1914), ♂, inner posterior margin nearly straight without posterior projection (outline on left). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.