Heterodermia koyanoides Elix, Australas. Lichenol.

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

10. Heterodermia koyanoides Elix, Australas. Lichenol. 69: 14 (2011b) ( Fig. 8B )

Type:— AUSTRALIA. Queensland: Mount Baldy , 4 km SW of Atherton, 17°16’ S, 145°23’ E, 1080 m, on sapling along margin of regrowth rainforest, 25 June 1984, J. A . Elix 16308 & H . Streimann (holotype, CANB!) .

THE LICHEN FAMILY PHYSCIACEAE IN THAILAND —II

Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 25 Thallus foliose, orbicular to irregularly spreading, loosely adnate, 5–10 cm wide. Lobes 0.7–2.0 mm wide, plane to weakly convex or weakly concave, sublinear-elongate, sympodially to subdigitately branched, ± discrete to contiguous at the periphery, with short lateral lobes; apices not ascending, eciliate. Upper surface whitish gray, sorediate; soralia marginal and at the apices of the lateral lobes, capitate, 0.5–1.2 mm wide; soredia granular. Medulla white. Lower surface with a pseudocortex, white to grayish or pale brown in the centre. Lower surface rhizines absent or very rare, marginal rhizines numerous, predominantly marginal, concolorous with the thallus, ± irregularly branched, 0.3–1.0 mm long, ± projecting beyond the lobe margin. Apothecia and pycnidia not seen.

Chemistry: Cortex K + yellow, C –, KC–, P + yellow; medulla K + yellow, C –, P + yellow; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22-diol (major), leucotylin (minor), 6α-acetoxyhopane-16β,22-diol (trace), 6α-acetoxy-16β,22-dihydroxyhopane-25-oic acid (trace or absent), dissectic acid (major or minor).

Distribution and habitat:—This very rare, corticolous lichen was known only from the type locality in a montane forest in north-eastern Queensland, but was now collected also from bark of trees (reported are Osbeckia stellata and Betula alnoides ) in hill evergreen forest and lower montane forest in Thailand from 1215–1420 m above sea level; new addition to the Thai lichen biota and the Northern Hemisphere.

Remarks:— H. koyanoides is characterized by the pseudocorticate lower surface, the capitate soralia at the lobe margins and the apices of short lateral lobes, the absence of dissected marginal phyllidia and the presence of dissectic acid and 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22-diol in the medulla.

Material from Thailand examined:— Chiang Mai: Doi Suthep-Pui, along trail junction to Pan Ma-Doi-Pui, km 5, in hill evergreen forest, 1420 m, 18°48'17'' N, 98°53'46'' E, 30 April 2005, W . Hongsachart RU-WD 38, ( RAMK 21862 ); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, along trail from km 28 to Nakronthai 36 along trail from Paradron waterfall, in lower montane forest, on Osbeckia stellata , 1215 m, 16°59'56'' N, 101°00'50'' E, 2 April 2004, S . Meesim RU-SM 49, ( RAMK 21855 ); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, along trail area the Tub Boek , in lower montane forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1595 m, 16°55'33'' N, 101°05'58'' E, 1 April 2004, T . Diagsa , RU-TD 14, ( RAMK 21810 ); ibid., T . Diagsa, RU-TD 17, ( RAMK 21819 ); Kamphaeng Phet: Maewong, along trail Chong Yen , on Betula alnoides in hill evergreen forest, 1340 m, 16°06'03.42'' N, 99°06'26.95'' E, 2 May 2006, S . Meesim 2, ( RAMK 21826 ) .

Heterodermia lepidota Swinscow & Krog, Lichenologist 8: 122 (1976) ( Fig. 8C )

Type:— UGANDA. Karamoja District : Mathenico County, Mt. Moroto, near Sogolomon , 2°30' N, 34°45' E, 2500 m, 12 June 1970, Swinscow 2 U 36 / 12 (holotype BM!) .

Thallus foliose, orbicular to irregularly spreading, loosely adnate, forming extensive colonies to 20 cm wide. Lobes 0.7–2.5 mm wide, ± plane to convex, sublinear, subdichotomously to irregularly branched, ± discrete to contiguous at the periphery, with short lateral lobes; apices not ascending, eciliate. Upper surface whitish gray, phyllidiate, with sparse pseudocyphellae along the margins which are best seen from below; phyllidia mostly marginal, very rarely also ± laminal, simple to dissected, ecorticate on the lower surface. Medulla white. Lower surface corticate, white to grayish to pale brown near the centre. Lower surface rhizines sparse, marginal rhizines concolorous with the thallus or becoming dark brown to brown-black towards the apices, simple to sparingly branched and projecting beyond the lobes. Apothecia rare, laminal, adnate to substipitate 0.5–2.0 mm wide; margin crenulate to phyllidiate; disc concave, brown to brown-black, epruinose. Ascospores Pachysporaria - type, ellipsoidal, 24–33 × 12–17 µm. Pycnidia immersed, mainly in the phyllidia; conidia bacilliform, 4–6 × 1 µm.

Chemistry: Cortex K + yellow, C –, KC–, P + yellow; medulla K + yellow, C –, P –; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22-diol (major), 6α-acetoxyhopane-16β, 22-diol (minor or trace), leucotylin (minor), 6α,16β-diacetoxyhopane-22-ol (minor or trace).

Distribution and habitat:—Rare on bark of deciduous trees in open situations in Australia, East Africa (from 1850–3000 m above sea level), the Galapagos Islands and Venezuela.

Remarks:—characterized by the simple to dissected phyllidia, and the presence of only triterpenes in the medulla.

Specimens examined: KENYA. Central Province: Nanyuki district, between Naru Moru and Mount Kenya, 2300 m, 14 August 1985, K. Kalb & A. Schrögl (herb. Kalb 13578); Rift Valley : Kajiado district, Ngong hills, ca. 35 km SW of Nairobi, 1850 m, 7 August 1985, K. Kalb & A. Schrögl (herb. Kalb 13820) .

26 • Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MONGKOLSUK ET AL.

Figures

FIGURE 8. A. Heterodermia koyana (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia koyanoides (scale 5 mm). C. Heterodermia lepidota (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia pseudospeciosa (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia rubescens (scale 5 mm). F. Heterodermia rugulosa (scale 5 mm).