Spermophilus citellus (Linnaeus, 1766)

Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 419-465 : 445

Spermophilus citellus (Linnaeus, 1766) . Syst. Nat., 12th ed., 1:80.

TYPE LOCALITY: " Austria "; restricted by Martino and Martino (1940) to "Wagram, Niederosterrich" ( Bauer, 1960:254) .

DISTRIBUTION: SE Germany, Czechoslovakia, SW Poland through SE Europe to European Turkey, Moldova and W Ukraine.

SYNONYMS: balcanicus (Markov, 1957); citillus (Pallas, 1779); gradojevici (Martino, 1929); istricus (Calinescu, 1934); karamani ( Martino, 1940); laskarevi ( Martino, 1940); macedonicus Fraguedakis-Tsolis and Ondrias, 1977; martinoi (Peshchev, 1955); thracius (Mursaloglu, 1964).

COMMENTS: Subgenus Spermophilus . Formerly included dauricus and xanthoprymnus as in Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951:506); but see Gromov et al. (1965:208, 237), Vorontsov and Lyapunova (1970), and Orlov and Davaa (1975). Cytogenetics described by Belcheva and Peshev (1985) and Soldatovic et al. (1984).