Coelidiana, Oman, 1938

Gonçalves, Clayton Corrêa, Silva, Jean Francisco Souza Da, Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz, Alasmar, Luísa & Paladini, Andressa, 2024, A new species of Coelidiana Oman (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Neocoelidiinae) from Brazil with key to Brazilian species, description of immature stages, and notes about parasitoids and host plant, Zootaxa 5529 (2), pp. 359-372 : 365-367

Key to Coelidiana species recorded for Brazil

1 Forewings each with a dark stripe along the base and anal margin, forming a large X when at rest...................... 2

1’ Forewings without dark stripes, or if present, narrow and longitudinal, not forming X when at rest..................... 3

2 Crow with a large orange macula on apex; pronotum with two broad red longitudinal bands behind each eye extended from anterior to posterior margin of pronotum....................................................... C. distinctissima

2’ Crow and pronotum without maculae.............................................................. C. undata

3 Aedeagus with one or more processes ( Fig. 1K )............................................................. 4

3’ Aedeagus without processes............................................................................. 7

4 Aedeagus with paired lateroventral processes ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2000 b; Figs 7, 8)................. C. sinopensis

4’ Aedeagus with a single ventral process ( Fig. 1K )............................................................ 5

5 Aedeagus with ventral process short, basally fused to shaft ( Fig. 1K ).............................. C. aroeira sp. nov.

5’ Aedeagus with ventral process long, arising from preatrium, not fused to shaft ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 18)....6

6 Male pygofer with dorsoapical portion strongly projected, with a small ventral spine at base ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 16); aedeagus with shaft narrow along its entire length ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 18).......... C. diminuta

6’ Male pygofer with the dorsoapical portion slightly projected, without spine at base ( Linnavuori, 1965; Fig. 4a ); aedeagus with shaft broad at base and narrowing towards apex ( Linnavuori, 1965; Fig. 3i )............................. C. brasiliensis

7 Male pygofer without tooth or process on ventral margin ( DeLong, 1953; Plate 8, Fig. 8)...................... C. spina

7’ Male pygofer with tooth or process on ventral margin.........................................................8

8 Forewing with a dark brown oblique stripe on apical third ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 7); anal tube with paired ventral processes ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 2 )................................................ C. bella

8’ Forewing without an oblique stripe on apical third; anal tube without processes.................................... 9

9 Forewing with a pair of dark maculae adjacent to anal margin, a larger one on apical parts of anal veins and a smaller one at base of first apical cell; male pygofer with dorsapical portion projected and strongly curved ventrally, ventral margin with a long and slender subapical process directed ventrally ( DeLong, 1953; Plate 8, Fig. 7)............................. C. bimaculata

9’ Forewing without maculae; male pygofer with dorsoapical portion, if projected, directed caudally, not strongly curved ventrally, ventral margin with small tooth......................................................................... 10

10 Crown flat; male pygofer with dorsoapical margin abruptly narrow and projected, forming an apical spiniform process; aedeagus with shaft curved anteriorly.............................................................................11

10’ Crown concave or with a median elevation; male pygofer with apical third progressively narrowed, not forming a process; aedeagus with shaft not curved anteriorly..................................................................12

11 Aedeagus with ventral margin smooth, apex, in lateral view, rounded ( Kramer, 1964; Fig. 99).............. C. rubrolineata

11’ Aedeagus with ventral margin crenulated, apex, in lateral view, acute ( Kramer, 1964; Fig. 95)................ C. roceata

12 Mesonotum with brown maculae; male pygofer with dorsal margin of apical half smooth, apex acutely rounded and directed caudally ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2000 a; Fig. 2 ); aedeagus with apical portion curved caudally ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2000 a; Fig. 4 ).............................................................................. C. ferruginea

12’ Mesonotum pale yellow, without maculae ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 14); male pygofer with dorsal margin of apical half crenulated, apex acute and directed ventrally ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 9); aedeagus with apical portion directed dorsally ( Chiamolera & Cavichioli, 2005; Fig. 11).............................................. C. stricta

Descriptions of Nymphs

( Fig. 4 )

General description. Resembling the adult in general form. Coloration yellow (yellowish-green in life), with faint orangish markings; dorsum slightly more orangish than the venter, light yellow. Head triangular, with width equal to that of pronotum; marginal carina at crown-face transition well developed. Eyes slightly darkened. Antenne slightly longer than the body length. Hind wing pad with a pair of apical setae. Terga IV-VII with a pair of lateral setae, tergum VIII with two pairs of lateral setae, tergum IX with several elongate setae and triangular/acute distal lobes.

First instar. Length 1.40–2.14mm (See Table 1 for other measurements).Abdominal tergum IX not differentiated in distal lobes ( Fig. 4A ).

Second instar. Length 2.20–3.15 mm. Wing pads development started, with fore wingpads not reaching half of metanotum, tergum IX of abdomen with formed distal lobes, with apex acute ( Fig. 4B ).

Third instar. Length 3.35–3.96 mm. Wing pads well differentiated in fore and hind pads, with forewing pads much more developed than hind and reaching or trespassing half of metanotum ( Fig. 4C ).

Fourth instar. Length 3.65–4.0 mm. Wing pads both developed but strongly flattened, broadened, fore wing pad with apex reaching the apex of the hing wing pad, both with rounded apices ( Fig. 4D ).

Fifth instar. Length 4.35–5.60 mm. Wing pads well developed, tumid, with apices overlapped, distal portion of abdomen differentiated in male and female plates ( Fig 4E ). Male plates ( Fig. 5A ) are a single, short and broad structure, only apically divided. Female plates ( Fig. 5B ) are two elongate structures, narrowing gradually towards apex.

Remarks. All stages are very similar to each other in morphology and coloration, differing mainly in wing pad development and body size. The nymphs exhibit a noticeable developmental leap from the second to third instars, as evidenced in a strong increase in body size. However, the size difference is more subtle between other instars, making them different to distinguish based on size alone. The relative wing pad size is approximately constant between all observed specimens of each instar and is, therefore, more reliable characteristic for distinguishing instars. Nevertheless, the fourth and the fifth instars have nearly the same wing pad length but the wing pads differ in form: flattened in the fourth and tumid in the fifth instar.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Coelidiana aroeira sp. nov., holotype male. A, head and thorax, dorsal view. B, head, frontal view. C, head and thorax, lateral view. D, forewing. E, genital capsule. F, pygofer and anal tube, lateral view. G, valve and subgenital plates, ventral view. H, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. I, styles and connective, dorsal view. J, style, lateral view. K, aedeagus, lateral view. L, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 2. Coelidiana aroeira sp. nov., paratype female. A, posterior portion of abdomen, ventral view. B, posterior portion of abdomen, lateral view. C, sternite VII and inner sternite VIII, ventral view. D, pygofer and anal tube, lateral view. E, first valvifer and first valvula of ovipositor, lateral view. F, apex of first valvula, lateral view. G, second valvifer and second valvula of ovipositor, lateral view. H, apex of second valvula, lateral view. I, gonoplac, lateral view. J, apex of gonoplac, lateral view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 3. Coelidiana aroeira sp. nov. A, holotype male, dorsal view. B, holotype male, lateral view. C, paratype female, dorsal view. D, paratype female, lateral view. E, living specimen at Curitiba, Paraná. F, Nymph parasitized by dryinid larva, G, Adult female parasitized by Pipunculidae. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 4. Immature stages. A, first instar. B, second instar. C, third instar. D, fourth instar. E, fifth instar. Scale bar in mm

FIGURE 5. Fifth instar nymph terminalia of Coelidiana aroeira sp. nov. A, Male plates. B, Female plates.

Tables

TABLE 1. Measurements in millimeters of Coelidiana aroeira sp. nov. nymph instars. (n= number of specimens

Instar	Thorax Head length length		Abdomen length	Body length	Pronotum length	Head width	Pronotum width
First (n=5)	0.30-0.42	0.30-0.50	0.80-1.30	1.40-2.14	0.10	0.42-0.72	0.40-0.72
Second (n=12)	0.37-0.53	0.59-0.78	1,03-1,87	2.20-3.15	0.16-0.18	0.66-0.75	0.66-0.75
Third (n=12)	0.44-0.68	0.64-1.00	1.52-2.45	3.40-4.00	0.16-0.25	0.80-0.95	0.80-1.00
Fourth (n=6)	0.50-0.70	1.00-1.20	2.10-2.60	4.00-4.40	0.20-0.30	1.00-1.20	1.20-1.30
Fifth (n=9)	0.55-0.75	1.10-1.45	2.35-3.56	4.35-5.60	0.25-0.30	1.00-1.20	1.15-1.30