Ectoedemia picturata Puplesis, 1985

Yagi, Sadahisa, Hirano, Nagao & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2019, Taxonomic notes on the Ectoedemia suberis and angulifasciella species groups in Japan (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae), Zootaxa 4706 (2), pp. 201-230 : 222-224

4. Ectoedemia picturata Puplesis, 1985

( Figs. 39 , 45–47 , 55 , 61 )

Ectoedemia picturata Puplesis, 1985: 65 .

Type locality: Primorskiy Kray, 20 km E Ussuriysk, Gornotayezhnoe ( Russia ). Material examined. JAPAN. Hokkaido : 3 ♂, 6 ♀, Bansei, Taiki-cho, Hiroo-gun , 6.x.2017, larvae on Rosa rugosa , ex. pupa 6.v–8.vi.2018, S. Yagi ; 1 ♀, Shinkoh, Isikari , 29.v.2002 ; 1 ♀, 3.vi.2004, H. Kogi; 1 ♂, Sibi, Ishikari , 15.vii.2012 ; 2 ♂, 4 ♀, 23.ii–28.v.2014, host: "Hamanasu [= Rosa rugosa ]", H. Kogi; 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Ishikarihama , Ishi- kari-shi, 3.x.2015, larvae on Rosa rugosa , ex. pupa 14–16.vi.2016, genitalia no. SY183 ; 5 ♂, 3 ♀, 4.x.2015, larvae on Rosa rugosa , ex. pupa 14.v–14.vi.2016, S. Yagi; 85 ♂, 101 ♀, Hama-machi, Ishikari-shi , 7.x.2017, larvae on Rosa rugosa , ex. pupa 14.iv–22.vi.2018, S. Yagi ; 4 ♀, Oyafune, Oyafune-cho, Ishikari , 18.vii.2018, larvae on Rosa rugosa , ex. pupa 7–9.viii.2018, S. Yagi. Honshu: [Fukushima Pref.] 1 ♂, Akai, Minato-machi, Aizuwakamatsu-shi , 21.x.2016, larva on Rosa multiflora , ex. pupa 30.iv.2017, S. Yagi, DNA extraction no. SaY12; [Nagano Pref.] 1 ♂, Sugadaira-kogen, Ueda-shi , 17.ix.2017, larva on Rosa dauvurica , ex. pupa 30.iv.2018, S. Yagi ; 1 ♂, Kitayama, Chino-shi , 19.ix.2017, larva on Rosa multiflora , ex. pupa 25.v.2018, S. Yagi ; 1 ♂, Yatsugatake-nojo, Tamagawa, Chino-shi , 15.ix.2017, larva on Rosa multiflora , ex. pupa 12.v.2018, S. Yagi; [Yamanashi Pref.] 9 ♂, 9 ♀, Mt. Mikuni, Hirano, Yamanakako-mura , 24.x.2016, larvae on Rosa hirtula , ex. pupa 6.v–21.vi.2017, S. Yagi, genitalia no. SY287; [Shizuoka Pref.] 9 ♂, 10 ♀, Otome-toge, Fukasawa, Gotenba , 27.x.2016, larva on Rosa hirtula , ex. pupa 11.v–29.vi.2017, S. Yagi; [Aichi Pref.] 1 ♂, Dando, Damine, Shitara , Kitashitara , 11.ix.2018, larva on Rosa multiflora , ex. pupa 30.ix.2018, S. Yagi; [Mie Pref.] 2 ♀, Nishi-6, Yurigaoka, Nabari, 30.vii.2011, larvae on Rosa multiflora , ex. pupa 10.viii.2011, S. Kobayashi ( OPU). Kyushu : [Fukuoka Pref.] 1 ♂, Hikosan ( Buzen ), 29.ix.1954, "Noibara no miner" [=miner of Rosa multiflora ] ( OPU) ; 1 ♀, 2.x.1954, genitalia slide VU no. 2488 ( OPU) ; 1 ♀, 19.vi.1957, H. Kuroko ( OPU); [Kagoshima Pref.] 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Hanazato-cho, Kanoya-shi , 8.v.2018, larvae on Rosa multiflora , ex. pupa 1–3.vi.2018, S. Yagi .

Male. Forewing length 1.6–2.0 mm (n = 30), wingspan 3.4–4.5 mm (n = 30). Female. Forewing length 1.8–2.1 mm (n = 30), wingspan 3.7–4.7 mm (n = 30).

Diagnosis. Worldwide, five Rosa -feeding species are recognized, i.e., E. angulifasciella (Stainton, 1849) , E. marmaropa (Braun, 1925) , E. rosiphila Puplesis, 1992 , E. rosae van Nieukerken & Berggren, 2011 , and E. picturata . Ectoedemia picturata can be easily distinguished from E. rosae , E. marmaropa , and E. rosiphila by the yellowish orange frontal tuft, forewing with a metallic fascia, and white-cream hair-pencil (ca. 0.30 times as long as hindwing, and absent in three species). It also can be distinguished from E. angulifasciella by the long sublateral process of the transtilla and the straight inner margin of the valva. The male genitalia are similar to those of E. rubivora complex, but they can be distinguished by the wider ventral plate of the vinculum; geographic distribution and host plant also serve to distinguish it.

Barcode data. The DNA barcode of one specimen (BOLD: ACU6987) was generated and deposited in Gen- Bank with accession number LC467969 . The barcode of this species is closest to that of Ectoedemia spiraeae based on BLAST in GenBank, and the similarity between them is 92.40%.

Biology. This species seems to utilize only Rosa spp.; the Japanese population utilizes Rosa rugosa Thunb. , R. multiflora Thunb. , R. hirtula (Regel) Nakai and R. amblyotis C.A. Mey. Eggs are deposited on the upper side of the leaf. The leafmine starts as a linear gallery, filled with blackish frass, sometimes more or less contorted. The later mine becomes a broad serpentine or blotch gallery with dense blackish frass, sometimes more or less dispersed. Larvae are light yellow, found between May and October, which indicates bivoltinism or more.

Distribution ( Fig. 61 ). Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; Russia: Far East; China: Heilongjiang Sheng.

Remarks. This species exhibits some variation in the median carina of male genitalia (Stonis & Rocienė, 2013; Rocienė & Stonis, 2014), and the holotype (Stonis & Rocienė, 2013) has short median carinae while other speci- mens collected in the same locality as the holotype (Rocienė & Stonis, 2014) have slender and sharp median carinae. This variation is also observed in Japan where the median carinae are short in specimens collected in the northern part of the country while they are slender in specimens collected in the southern part. However, no other differences in external morphology or genitalia were observed, so we consider this as intraspecific variation.

Figures

FIGURES 38–41. Adults of the Japanese Ectoedemia angulifasciella group, male 38. E. pilosae collected in Shimotakai-machi, Nagano Pref. 39. E. picturata collected in Ishikari-shi, Hokkaido Pref. 40. E. occultella collected in Kutchan-cho, Hokkaido Pref. 41. E. jacutica collected in Tomakomai-shi, Hokkaido Pref.

FIGURES 42–47. Male genitalia of the Japanese Ectoedemia angulifasciella group. 42, 43. E. pilosae, genital capsule with phallus removed (genitalia slide no. SY224). 44. Ditto, phallus (Genitalia slide No. SY224). 45, 46. E. picturata, genital capsule with phallus removed (Genitalia slide No. SY183). 47. Ditto, phallus (Genitalia slide No. SY287).

FIGURES 54–57. Leafmines of the Japanese species of the Ectoedemia angulifasciella group. 54. E. pilosae on Agrimonia pilosa. 55. E. picturata on Rosa hirtula. 56. E. occultella on Betula platyphylla. 57. E. jacutica on Aruncus dioicus.

FIGURES 58–63. Japanese distribution maps of Japanese species of the Ectoedmeia suberis and angulifasciella groups. 58. E. chasanella. 59. E. ortiva. 60. E. pilosae. 61. E. picturata. 62. E. occultellla. 63. E. jacutica.