Corynactis viridis Allman, 1846

Çinar, Melih Ertan, Yokeş, Mehmet Baki, Açik, Şermin & Bakir, Ahmet Kerem, 2014, Checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from the coasts of Turkey, Turkish Journal of Zoology 38 (6), pp. 677-697 : 687

Corynactis viridis Allman, 1846

( Figure 2D )

Notes: Column usually short and squat, usually overlapped by oral disc. Tentacles short to moderate, arranged in radial rows increasing in size towards the margin; each with a spherical knob (acrosphere) at tip ( Figure 2D ). Disc about 10 mm diameter; span of tentacles to 25 mm. Colours varied, with disc, tentacles, and often acrospheres in contrasting colours.

Distribution: Two colonies of this species (each>100 individuals) were found on rocky wall at 28–30 m depths at station 1 (Yassıada and Sivriada). Both colonies observed were colourless, without zooxanthellae. It is an Atlanto-Mediterranean species and was previously reported from the western Mediterranean Sea, Adriatic Sea, and Aegean Sea ( Vafidis, 2010).

Halcampoides purpureus (Studer, 1879)

( Figure 2E )

Notes: Column elongated, not divided into distinct regions, its aboral end rounded and provided with cinclides; periderm is absent. Disc small, with a slight hypostome; tentacles very long, even in contraction being much longer than the disc diameter, in extension tapering to fine points ( Figure 2E ). Length of column when not buried up to 100 mm. Disc and tentacles translucent grey-brown or pinkish, disc with reddish lines on mesenteric insertions and often with small white spots on the exocoels, close to the mouth ( Manuel, 1988).

Distribution: This species was observed on sand at 5–12 m depth (6 specimens) at station 6. It is distributed in the East Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea ( Vafidis, 2010).

Sagartiogeton laceratus (Dalyell, 1848)

( Figure 2F )

Notes: Base broad and closely adherent, its outline usually ragged due to basal laceration; column tall and pillar-like extension, 30 mm high, 15 mm base diameter; disc twice diameter of column; tentacles long, arranged irregularly, owing to habitual pedal laceration, up to about 200. Column buff, dull orange or reddish brown, pale cream stripes running upwards from limbus to about middle; disc translucent cream or greyish, mesenteric insertions being indicated by fine orange lines; flanked by a pair of opaque cream ones, lining of actinopharynx orange ( Figure 2F ); acontia not readily emitted ( Manuel, 1988).

Distribution: This species was found on rocky substrate at 26–35 m depth at station 1 (many specimens). It is distributed along the north-eastern Atlantic coasts from Sweden to Portugal ( Manuel, 1988). This species has not been recorded in the Mediterranean Sea before and its presence in the Sea of Marmara could be attributed to transport by ships.

Figures

Figure 2. A) Arachnanthus oligopodus at 26 m depth at station 6, B) Bunodactis rubripunctata at 1.5 m depth at station 4, C) Bunodeopsis strumosa at 2 m depth at station 2, D) Corynactis viridis at 28 m depth at station 1, E) Halcampoides purpureus at 12 m depth at station 6, F) Sagartiogeton lacerates at 30 m depth at station 1, G) Sagartiogeton undatus at 30 m depth at station 1, H) Pachycerianthus multiplicatus at 8 m depth at station 10 (only C and H photographed by ME Çinar, the others by B Yokeş).