Cnemidaster zea, (ALCOCK, 1893)

Mah, Christopher, 2007, Phylogeny of the Zoroasteridae (Zorocallina; Forcipulatida): evolutionary events in deep-sea Asteroidea displaying Palaeozoic features, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (1), pp. 177-210 : 191

CNEMIDASTER ZEA (ALCOCK, 1893)

Zoroaster zea Alcock, 1893: 110 ; 1895: Pl. II, 2,2a.; Clark & Mah, 2001: 235.

Cnemidaster zea Fisher, 1919b: 18 , 481, 483; H.L. Clark, 1920: 98; Downey, 1970: 14.

Occurrence: S. India, 1090 m.

DORASTER DOWNEY, 1970

( FIG. 3E–G )

Doraster Downey, 1970: 5 ; Moyanna & Larrain, 1976: 103; Walenkamp, 1979: 87; Clark & Downey, 1992: 402; Clark & Mah, 2001: 231.

Type species: Doraster constellatus Downey, 1970 .

Diagnosis: Disc and arm plates imbricate. Disc enlarged, swollen. Spinelets cover disc, arm surface

(frequently absent). Disc plates strongly stellate. Internal buttress present.

DORASTER CONSTELLATUS DOWNEY, 1970

( FIG. 3E–G )

Doraster constellatus Downey, 1970: 5 ; Moyana & Larrain Prat, 1976: 103; Clark & Downey, 1992: 402; Clark & Mah, 2001: 231.

D. cancellatus Jangoux, 1978: 98 (lapsus for D. constellatus )

Occurrence: SW orf Nantucket Shoals , Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Panama, Surinam, 350–914 m.

Material: North Atlantic. NMNH 1080502 , SW of Nantucket Shoals , Massachsetts, 39°18′30″N, 71°23′30″W, 2601 m, Coll. 11.viii.1885 (13 wet specs.) Gulf of Mexico-NMNH E23145 East of Corpus Christi , Texas. 27°38′N, 95°35′W, 412 m. Coll. 7.v.1956. (1 dry spec. R = 12.1, r = 1.4) NMNH E34980 , East of Mississippi Delta , Louisiana. 29°07′N, 88°11′W, 549 m, Coll. 3.vi.1959. (1 dry spec. R = 12.6 r = 1.2) NMNH E18554 , East of Mississippi Delta , Louisiana. 29°12′N, 88°03′W, 366 m, Coll. 3.vi.1959. (1 dry spec. R = 10.1 r = 0.9) NMNH E18506 , East of Mississippi Delta , Louisiana. 29°14′N, 87°54′W, 366 m, Coll. 22.v.1956. (1 dry spec. R = 12.8 r = 1.7) NMNH E10742 PARA- TYPES , Mississippi Delta , Louisiana. 29°03′15″N, 88°16′W, 592 m, Coll. 11.ii.1885. (2 dry specs. R = 6.6, r = 0.8; R = 11.6) . NMNH E11353 PARATYPE SW of Grenada, 11°36′N, 62°52′W, 393–421 m, Coll. iv.1960, [1 dry spec. r = 10.2, r = 1.4 (arms broken)] Caribbean Sea-NMNH E18519 , East of Chinchorro Bank , Quintana Roo, Mexico, 18°30′N, 87°37′W, 715–787 m, Coll. 17.iii.1968. (1 dry spec. R = 15.4, r = 1.9) NMNH 1080556 , Gulf of Mosquitos , Panama, 9°20′N, 81°24′W, 860–914 m, Coll. 25.v.1962. [2 dry specs. R = 14.3, r = 2.1; R = 4.8, r = 1.0 (arms broken on one spec)] NMNH 26524 , Gulf of Mosquitos , Panama, 9°6′N, 81°15′W, 777 m, Coll. 29.x.1970. (1 dry spec. R = 4.2, r = 0.8) . NMNH 1080506 , Gulf of Mosquitos , Panama, 9°7′N, 81°10′W, 732 m, Coll. 31.v.1962. (1 dry spec. R = 17.1, r = 2.1) NMNH E12441 Rosalind Bank between Honduras and Jamaica, Honduras. 16°35′N, 80°04′W, 732 m, Coll. 18.v.1962. [1 dry spec. R = 12.6, r = 2.4 (arms broken)] NMNH E12447 Rosalind Bank between Honduras and Jamaica, Honduras. 16°35′N, 80°10′W, 576 m, Coll. 18.v.1962 [2 dry specs. R = 26.6, r = 2.2, R = ∼13.1, r = 1.7. (arms broken)] NMNH E26552 Off Santa Marta , Colombia. 11°13′N, 74°26′W, 631 m, Coll. 9.xi.1970 [1 dry spec. R = ∼12.6, r = 1.7 cm (arm tips broken)] NMNH E18507 , North of Aramatka Point , Guajira Peninsula, Colombia, 12°13.18′N, 18°72.52′W, 408–576 m, Coll. 29.vii.1968. [2 dry specs, R = ∼6.7, r = 1.2, R = 3.6, r = −0.7 (arm tips broken)] NMNH E12443 East of Paraguana Peninsula , Venezuela 15°39′N, 61°10′W, 649 m, Coll. 5.iii.1966 [5 dry specs, R = 9.5 r = 1.6; R = 7.1, r = 1.3; R = 5.6, r = 0.9; R = 12.7, r = 1.4; R = 14.6, r = 1.5 (arm tips, arms broken)] . NMNH E12444 East of Paraguana Peninsula , Venezuela 11°53′N, 69°25′W, 640 m, Coll. 3.x.1963. [3 dry specs, R = ∼16.5 r = 2.2; R = ∼18.8, r = 2.3; R = 16.3, r = 2.2; (arm tips, arms broken)] NMNH E18570 East of Testigo Islands , Venezuela, 11°36′N, 62°46′W (no depth indicated). Coll. 19.iv.1960 [2 dry specs. R = ∼11.2, r = 1.4; R = ∼17.5 (arm tips broken)] French Guiana . NMNH E18508 , North of Cayenne. 7°5′N, 52°47′W, 366 m, Coll. 14.ix.1958. [1 dry spec. R = ∼2.5, r = 1.1 (arms broken)]

Figures

Figure 3. Bythiolophus acanthinus Holotype (USNM 37011). A, arm and disk. B, carinal and marginals on close-up of arm. C, carinals and marginals from paratype of Zoroaster macracanthus.(MCZ 2499) D, lateral view showing actinolateral spination. Doraster constellatus Paratype (USNM E11357). E, abactinal view, disk and arms. F, oral region with prey (PR). Ring of pedicellariae (PED, character #7.3) adjacent (USNM 34980). G, lateral view (USNM 1080506). Scale bar = 0.5 cm.