Agrotis edmondsi Butler, 1882

Blas, Germán San, 2014, Agrotis Ochsenheimer (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae): a systematic analysis of South American species, Zootaxa 3771 (1), pp. 1-64 : 24-28

Agrotis edmondsi Butler, 1882

( Figs 22–25 , 54 , 72 , 85 , 102 )

Agrotis edmondsi Butler, 1882: 131 ; Parra et al., 1986: 88 –89, figs 34, 74–76 (diagnosis and male genitalia); Poole, 1989: 47 (world noctuid checklist); Velasquez Medina, 1990: 28 –30, figs 14, 18–20 (redescription); Angulo, 1994: 56, 60, 61, figs 3, 4 (female genitalia); Artigas, 1994: 563 –564, pl. 27, fig. 5 (diagnosis, life cycle, biological control, damages, hosts, economic importance, distribution, and international implications); Angulo & Olivares, 2005: 35 (redescription). Lectotype: ♂ Chile [Valdivia February according to original publication] (Edmonds) (BMNH). Present designation. Image examined. Paralectotype: ♀ Chile [Valdivia February according to original publication] (Edmonds) (BMNH). Not examined. Present designation.

Euxoa edmondsi (Butler) : Hampson, 1903: pl. 60, fig. 18 (diagnosis); Köhler, 1945: 82, fig. 8-c (male genitalia).

Scotia edmondsi (Butler) : Köhler, 1967: 302, figs 31, 33 (new combination).

Scotia araucaria auct . non. Hampson, 1903: Köhler, 1967: figs 30, 32 (misidentification).

Diagnosis. Agrotis edmondsi differs from other South American species of Agrotis by the following combination of characters: 1) patagium darker than thorax and tegulum lighter than thorax; 2) forewing claviform spot wide; 3) reniform spot contiguous with postmedial line, otherwise, with a streak to postmedial line between M1–M2 veins; 4) in male genitalia vesica with right basal diverticulum and basal spined band present; 5) in female genitalia corpus bursae 6 × as long as anterior apophysis, and 6) signum absent.

Redescription. Male ( Figs 22, 23 ). Head. Palpus whitish ventrally; frons central projection small, with raised edge of rough surface, not projected anteriorly into a point. Antenna basal 2/3 bipectinate, widest at 1/5 its length, gradually tapering to apex, widest segment 3 × as wide as central shaft, anterior process 1–3 × as wide as posterior process. Thorax. Patagium slightly darker than thorax, with black basal, medial, and submarginal lines; tegulum slightly lighter than thorax, with black basal and marginal lines, the former undifferentiated in some specimens. Forewing length 12.3–16.9 mm; ground color whitish gray to grayish brown; veins undifferentiated; subcostal band undifferentiated; basal area diffuse gray in some specimens; basal line black, double, convex between veins; antemedial line black, double, basal margin diffuse, convex between veins, strongly extended as a sharp tooth between 1A+2A vein and posterior margin, coming near to medial line; claviform spot wide, dark grayish brown and black edged; orbicular spot variable in size, strongly oval, extending toward reniform spot, contiguous in some specimens, concolorous with forewing ground color, black edged with grayish center; reniform spot concolorous with orbicular spot, in some specimens contiguous with postmedial line, when not contiguous, distal margin has a streak extending between M1–M2 veins to postmedial line; discal cell concolorous with ground color, with a black streak of variable width joining both spots; medial line faint, as a dark thick waved band; postmedial line black, single, concave between veins, distally edged by a light brown shade; subterminal line light brown and black edged, concave between veins, extended basally as arrows, longest one between M1–M2 veins, in some specimens joining with reniform streak like one continuous line; terminal line a series of darkish lunulae between veins; fringe lighter than forewing ground color. Hind wing iridescent; fringe iridescent. Abdomen. Concolorous with forewing ground color. Genitalia ( Fig. 54 ). Clavus barely differentiated as an area of piliform setae. Ampulla 1/5 × as long as valve, basal 1/3 expanded, then narrowed to 1/3 its widest diameter; saccus subtriangular. Vesica ( Fig. 72 ) 6 × as long as aedeagus, consisting of 1 1/2 wide loop, right basal diverticulum subtriangular, basal spined band present, vesica gradually swollen on apical 1/3. Female ( Figs 24, 25 ). Differences from male. Forewing length: 15.5–19.2 mm; antenna filiform; forewing ground color darker than male; fringe light brown; hind wing from iridescent to diffuse brown. Genitalia ( Fig. 85 ). Posterior apophysis 1.7 × as long as anterior apophysis; ductus bursae 3 × as long as anterior apophysis; corpus bursae 6 × as long as anterior apophysis, signum absent, apex subtriangular; appendix bursae 4 × as long as corpus bursae, consisting of 1 1/2 wide loop, apex globose; ductus seminalis originating laterally very close to corpus bursae apex.

Remarks. In Köhler (1967) figures 31 and 33 of Scotia edmondsi (= Agrotis edmondsi ) are correct, but figures 30 and 32 of Scotia araucaria (= Agrotis araucaria ) correspond to light specimens of Agrotis edmondsi .

Distribution. Restricted to Argentinean and Chilean Patagonia ( Fig. 102 ).

Material examined. (141 ♂, 105 ♀). ARGENTINA : Chubut. El Bolsón, Lago Puelo, 220m, 2 ♂ 18-XI-1978 (Misión Científica Danesa) ( ZMC), ♂ 21-XI-1978 (Misión Científica Danesa) (IADIZA); Esquel, 574m, ♂ 8-I- 1960 ( IMLA); Lago Puelo, 205m, ♀ 16-II-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Sierra Negra, 850m, ♂ 14-II-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Trevelin, 475m, ♀ 13-II-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA). Neuquén. Aeropuerto Chapelco, 780m, 3 ♂ 6 ♀ 19-XI-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 7 ♂ ♀ 27-XI-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♂ ♀ 30- XI-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♂ ♀ 1-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 4 ♂ 2-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 3 ♂ ♀ 6-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 5 ♂ 8-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 4 ♂ ♀ 9-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 10-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♀ 15-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 23-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 26-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 28- XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 30-XII-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 3 ♀ 14-II-1988 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Aguada Florencio, 870m, ♀ 17-XII-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Aluminé, 900m, ♀ 4-XII-1971 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Bajada Los Molles, 920m, 7 ♂ 26-XI-1961 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Bajada Marucho, 870m, ♀ 19-IV-1972 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 14-I-1980 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 24-III-1981 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 6 ♀ 27-X-1981 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Catan Lil, Puesto la Bañadera, 900m, ♀ 11-XII-1972 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Catan Lil, Salitral, 1050m, ♂ 24-XII-1972 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Confluencia Traful, 690m, ♂ 15-XI-1964 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 18-XI-1968 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 8 ♂ 2 ♀ 4-III-1975 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 17-II-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Cordón Chapelco - Arroyo Chapelco Grande, 900m, ♀ 15- III-1979 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Covunco – Usina, 825m, 3 ♂ 4 ♀ 29-X-1962 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 19-XII- 1963 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Cuyín Manzano, 750m, ♂ 2 ♀ 5-III-1975 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Estancia Alicura, 650m, 3 ♂ 2 ♀ 20-III-1972 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Estancia Chacabuco, 650m, ♂ 11-XI-1969 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Estancia Chacayal, 675m, 2 ♀ 26-XI-1968 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Lago Tromen, Rodeo Grande, 900m, ♂ 30-XII-1978 (Misión Científica Danesa) ( ZMC); Las Lagunas Epulafquen, Campamento, 1350m, ♂ 8-I- 1989 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Loncopué, 1000m, ♂ 5-XI-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 3 ♂ 14-XI-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Moquehue, 1200m, 2 ♂ 10-II-1978 (H. Giganti) (IADIZA); P. Leufu – Meriño, 1100m, ♂ 13- XI-1973 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Paso Córdoba, 1200–1300m, 10 ♂ 3 ♀ 20-II-1980 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 12- III-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Piedra del Águila, 525m, 2 ♂ ♀ 5-XI-1966 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♀ 23- XII-1978 (Misión Científica Danesa) ( ZMC), ♂ 22-XI-1990 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Quilquihue, 750m, ♀ 8- III-1980 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 5 ♀ 7-XII-1980 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♀ 12-XII-1980 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 3 ♀ 28-III-1981 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 3 ♀ 15-XI-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 16-XI-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♀ 18-XI-1981 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 3 ♀ 6-XII-1982 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♀ 21-III-1983 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 23-IV-1983 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA), Río Aluminé, 1000m, ♂ 21- XII-1984 (M. y P. Gentili) (IADIZA); Río Aluminé, Pulmarí, 925m, ♀ 27-II-1978 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Rio Limay, Arroyito, ♂ 17-XI-1978 (Misión Científica Danesa) ( CNC); Rio Limay, Confluencia, 2 ♂ ♀ 3-III-1978 (C.M & O.S. Flint, Jr.) ( USNM); Rio Litrán, 9 km N. Lago Aluminé, 1200m, ♂ 3-II-1987 (C.M & O.S. Flint, Jr.) ( USNM); San Martin de los Andes - Estancia Tipiliuke, ♂ 25-XI-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 4 ♂ ♀ 6-III-1960 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ ♀ 13-XI-1962 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ ♀ 17-XI-1965 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); San Martín de los Andes, 647m, ♂ II-1957 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ ♀ III-1957 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ XII-1957 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 24-XI-1957 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 4-I-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♂ 11-II-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 21-II-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 10-III-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♂ 11-X- 1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 30-XI-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 7-XII-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 18- XII-1958 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 31-I-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 14-II-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 5- III-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 20-III-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 14-XI-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♀ 7-III-1960 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 1-IV-1961 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), ♂ 2-II-1968 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA), 2 ♂ ♀ 20-III-1978 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Trocoquén, 1500m, 2 ♂ 4-IV-1969 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Varvarco, 1200m, ♂ 2 ♀ 12-XI-1968 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Zapala, 1012m, ♂ 27-XI-1961 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); 4 ♂ ♀ 6-IV-1968 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA); Zapala, Los Catutos, 1048m, ♀ XII-1961 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA). Río Negro. Lamarque, 130m, ♀ XII-1959 (Fritz) (IADIZA); Paso Flores - Pto. (117), 600m, ♂ ♀ 12-XI-1987 (M. y P. Gentili) ( USNM); Paso Flores, 570m, ♂ 19-XII-1959 (M. Gentili) (IADIZA). Santa Cruz. Punta Bandera - Lago Argentino, 185m, ♀ I-1962 ( IMLA), 2 ♂ I-1963 ( IMLA); ♀ I-1963 (Margh.) (IADIZA); El Chaltén, Estancia Ricanor, 4 ♂ 23- I-2007 (GSB & A. Srur) (IADIZA). CHILE. Region IV, Coquimbo. Coquimbo, Canela baja, ♂ 23-X-1961 (L. Peña) ( CNC). Region V, Valparaíso. Aconcagua, Lo Molles, ca. 10 km S. Pichidangui, 25m, ♀ 15–17-XI-1981 (D. & M. Davis) ( USNM). Region VII, Maule. Constitución, ♂ 20-XI-1953 (L. E. Peña) ( CNC); Talca, Laguna del Maule, La Mina, 1000m, 2 ♂ ♀ 24-III-1979 (Misión Científica Danesa) ( CNC). Region IX, Araucanía. Angol, ♂ 25-III-1925 (E.S. Bulock) ( USNM); Cautín, 3km NE Tolten, 3m, ♂ 26-II-1979 (D. & M. Davis & B. Akebergs) ( USNM); Cautín, Fundo el Coigue, 500 mtrs 27 km NE Villarrica, ♂ 28-II-3-III-1979 (D. & M. Davis & B. Akebergs) ( USNM); Cautín, Vol. Villarrica, 1090m, ♀ 25-I-1978 (C.M & O.S. Flint, Jr.) ( USNM); Malleco, Cord. de las Raíces, 40 km E Curacautín, 1650m, 2 ♂ ♀ 7–8-II-1979 (D.M. Davis & B. Akebergs) ( USNM); Pehuenco, ♂ (L. Peña) ( CNC). Region X, Los Lagos. Maullín, ♂ X-1942 (L. Peña) ( CNC); Palena, Camping Arrayanes, 5km NW Chaitén, ♂ 21-I-1987 (C.M & O.S. Flint, Jr.) ( USNM).

Figures

FIGURES 16 – 23. Adults of Agrotis species, edmondsi - group. 16, A. benitezi, holotype, ♂. 17, A. benitezi, allotype, ♀. 18 – 19, A. leonoides, ♂. 20 – 21, A. leonoides, ♀. 22 – 23, A. edmondsi, ♂. Actual size.

FIGURES 24 – 27. Adults of Agrotis species, edmondsi - group. 24 – 25, A. edmondsi, ♀. 26, A. leucovenata, ♂. 27, A. leucovenata, ♀. Actual size.

FIGURES 46 – 55. Male genitalia of Agrotis species, edmondsi - group. 46, A. steniptera. 47, A. propriens. 48, A. bistrigata. 49, A. dispar. 50, A. peruviana. 51, A. elegans. 52, A. benitezi. 53, A. leonoides. 54, A. edmondsi. 55, A. leucovenata.

FIGURES 64 – 73. Male genitalia aedeagus of Agrotis species, edmondsi - group. 64, A. steniptera. 65, A. propriens. 66, A. bistrigata. 67, A. dispar. 68, A. peruviana. 69, A. elegans. 70, A. benitezi. 71, A. leonoides. 72, A. edmondsi. 73, A. leucovenata.

FIGURES 81 – 86. Female genitalia of Agrotis species, edmondsi - group. 81, A. bistrigata. 82, A. elegans. 83, A. benitezi. 84, A. leonoides. 85, A. edmondsi. 86, A. leucovenata.

FIGURES 100 – 105. Distribution map of Agrotis species, edmondsi - and fausta - group. 100, A. benitezi. 101, A. leonoides. 102, A. edmondsi. 103, A. leucovenata. 104, A. experta. 105.