Philodendron verrucosum L. Mathieu ex Schott

Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), Check List 15 (4), pp. 651-689 : 683-684

Philodendron verrucosum L. Mathieu ex Schott

Material examined. Serranía de Pirre, trail 1–4 mi. N of Cerro Pirre on main ridge; 07°56′N, 077°42′W; 1000– 1100 m; R. L. Hartman 4829 ( MO).

Identification. This species is characterized by having short internodes, subterete petioles (almost as long as

the blade), broadly ovate-cordate blades, glossy above (giving a velvety appearance), and especially by having scaly-setose indumentum in the stems, cataphylls, petioles, and inflorescences. Philodendron verrucosum is the only species of the genus having a scaly indumentum reported in the study area.

Distribution and ecology. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. At the study site, P. verrucosum has only been reported in submontane forests, at 1000–1100 m.

Philodendron wilburii var. longipedunculatum Croat & Grayum

Material examined. Parque Nacional Darien, middle slopes on W side of Cerro Pirre; 07°56′N, 077°43′W; 800–1050 m; 30 Jun. 1988; T. B. Croat 69001 ( MO). Ibid., Cerro Pirre, Rancho Frío; 08°01′14″N, 077°43′41″W; 143 m; 13 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2556 ( PMA). Ibid., Rancho Plástico, camino hacia la cima del Cerro; 07°59′49″N, 077°42′45″W; 636 m; 15 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2582 ( PMA). Ibid.; 07°59′13″N, 077°42′28″W; 1127 m; 30 Jul. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2648 ( PMA). Ibid., campamento cerca del segundo mirador; 07°59′49″N, 077°42′43″W; 610 m; 3 Dec. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2717 ( PMA).

Identification. This taxon is characterized by having elongated internodes, intact and deciduous cataphylls in most of the upper nodes, subteretes petioles, typically triangular-ovate blades, usually reddish when dry, primary lateral veins three to four per side, and long pedunculate inflorescences (peduncles usually longer than the spathe). This taxon differs from the typical variety P. wilburii var. wilburii (absent on Cerro Pirre), mainly in having greenish blades (when dry) and peduncles usually of equal size or smaller than spathe. In the herbar- ium, specimens of this taxon tend to confuse them with those of Philodendron panamense K. Krause , which differs by having ovate blades (blackish when dry) with four to seven primary lateral veins per side.

Distribution and ecology. Costa Rica and Panama. This taxon is distributed throughout the elevation gradient of Cerro Pirre. It can ocurrs both in semideciduous forests (to a lesser extent), as well as in evergreen, submontane, and montane forests at 90–1300 m.