Anthurium ravenii Croat & R.A. Baker

Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), Check List 15 (4), pp. 651-689 : 668

Anthurium ravenii Croat & R.A. Baker ( Fig. 4G)

Material examined. Parque Nacional Darién, vicin- ity of Cerro Pirre base camp, along trail near E side of Río Paracida; 08°00′N, 077°48′W; 0–80 m; 1 Jul. 1988; T. B. Croat 68966 ( MO). Cerro Pirre, vicinity of station along Río Perisenico; 08°01′N, 077°44′W; 110 m; 26 Jul. 1994; T. B. Croat 77088 ( MO). About 10 miles S of El Real on Río Pirre (House no. 22); 08°01′N, 077°44′W; 10–11 Aug. 1962; J. A. Duke 5407 ( MO, PMA). Estación Rancho Frío at N base of Cerro Pirre, ca 9 km S of El Real, along Quebrada Perisenico, in forest; 08°01′N, 077°44′W; 70–270 m; 8 Oct. 1987; B. E. Hammel 16105 ( MO). Cerro Pirre, Rancho Frío, Cascada arriba; 08°00′58″N, 077°43′24″W; 164 m; 14 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2571 ( PMA). Ibid., Rancho Plástico, camino hacia la cima del Cerro; 07°59′49″N, 077°42′45″W; 636 m; 15 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2577 ( PMA). Ibid., campamento cerca del segundo mirador; 07°59′49″N, 077°42′43″W; 610 m; 19 Jul. 2016; O: O. Ortiz 2723 ( PMA).

Identification. This species is characterized by its short internodes, semi-intact and deciduous cataphylls at most nodes, reddish-brown blades (when dry), inflorescences with reflexed and brittle spathes (usually deciduous after anthesis), green to whitish, cylindrical spadices, and red berries. On Cerro Pirre it can be confused with Anthurium sp. 4 , but the latter species is less robust with slender stems and have inflorescences with reddish spathes and pink-salmon spadices. Also, A. ravenii can be confused with A. rotundistigmatum Croat , but it differs in having greenish blades (when dry), purple spadices and flow- ers with markedly protruding stigmas. These last species are very similar to A. ravenii and both occur on Cerro Pirre, but their populations do not share the same distribution along the elevation gradient. The populations of A. rotundistigmatum only grow above 1000 m, whereas those of A. ravenii are generally below 900 m.

Distribution and ecology. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Anthurium ravenii represents a wide distribution species that usually ocurrs up to 1000 m ( Croat 1986b). On Cerro Pirre, it is common in the semideciduous and evergreen forests, up to 900 m.