Symphyopappus casarettoi B. L.Rob.

de Souza, Tiago J. T., S, Bordignon, ergio A. L., Apel, Miriam A. & Henriques, Amelia T., 2021, Volatile constituents of Eupatorieae (Asteraceae). Compositional multivariate analysis of volatile oils from Southern Brazilian species in the subtribe Disynaphiinae, Phytochemistry (112734) 186, pp. 1-23 : 16

The fresh inflorescences and leaves of

Symphyopappus casarettoi B. L.Rob.

(syn. Eupatorium casarettoi

- common name: “vassoura-do-campo”, “vassoura-bichada”, due to its frequent infestation by lepidopteran larvae ( Cabrera and Klein, 1989; Gandolfo and Hanazaki, 2014)),

a 1–2 m tall, branchy shrub, exhibit VO yields quite different from each other (0.15 and 0.4%, respectively); the main compounds were the same for the oils obtained from the two organs, however, with only quantitative differences. While the VOs obtained from the leaves of this species are characterized by the predominance of hydrocarbon monoterpenes (71.5%), whose main components are pinenes (54.0%), those obtained from its inflorescences were characterized by even amounts of mono and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (43.6 and 45.5%, respectively). None of the components of the VOs obtained from the inflorescences of S. casarettoi were found in large amounts; the six major compounds, (E)-β- ocimene, β- pinene, limonene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, α- pinene, and β- caryophyllene, were found in the range of 7.2–14.6%. In contrast, in the leaf VOs, monoterpenes α- pinene and β- pinene were found in the range of 26.0–28.0%. The VO profile of this species was very similar to that of the genus Grazielia . S. casarettoi , which has been reported to be part of the interaction networks of treehoppers Bocydium globuliferum (Stegaspidinae) and Bolbonota melaena (Membracinae) with Chromolaena laevigata (Praxeliinae) and other Asteraceae species ( Gadelha et al., 2017). It is a frequent host for the butterfly Actinote surima (Nymphalidae) ( Paluch et al., 1999) and bees Dialictus sp. (Halictinae) ( Patricio et al., 2014), Ceratina (Ceratinula) sp. , Ceratina (Crewella) sp. , Augochlora sp. , Megachile (Leptorachis) sp., and Megachile (Pseudocentron) nudiventris ( Steiner et al., 2010) . The antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of its extracts have also been reported (Benetti, 2007; Monks et al., 2002; Netto Benetti et al., 2007).