Macrostemum brasiliense ( Fischer 1970 )

Silva, Larissa Moreira & Paprocki, Henrique, 2020, Description of female genitalia, additional morphological variations, and courtship behavior and copulation of Macrostemum brasiliense (Fischer 1970) (Trichoptera Hydropsychidae), Zootaxa 4858 (3), pp. 438-446 : 440

Macrostemum brasiliense ( Fischer 1970)

History. Perty (1833) described the species Phryganea maculata , although Fourcroy (1785) had already used the name Phryganea maculata for a species now in genus Brachycentrus and Donovan (1813) had already used the name Phryganea maculata for a species later described as Hydropsyche instabilis Curtis 1834 , making both Perty’s and Donovan’s names junior homonyms. Ulmer (1907) described the female of Phryganea maculata as Macronema maculatum , associating it with the male. Subsequent authors, including Ulmer (1913) and Fischer (1963), used Macronema maculatum as the species name. Fischer (1970), concerned about the homonymy, replaced Perty’s name Phryganea maculata with Macronema brasiliense . Flint and Bueno-Soria (1982) in a revisionary work, re-established and redefined Macrostemum , previously synonymized with Macronema by Ulmer (1907). In their revision, they transferred Perty’s species to the genus Macrostemum Burmeister (1983) , validating Macrostemum maculatum as a distinct species and ignoring Fischer’s new name for it. Six years later, Burmeister (1989) designated a lectotype of Phryganea maculata Perty with illustrations of male genitalia and male and female wings, describing wing color pattern variations for the first time. During the following years, the species was called Macrostemum maculatum by Flint et al. (1999) and in regional checklists. Paprocki et al. (2004) recorded the species for the states of Bahia and São Paulo, Calor (2011) recorded the species again in the state of São Paulo, Dumas & Nessimian (2012) reported it for Rio de Janeiro, and Barcelos-Silva et al. (2012) registered it for the state of Espírito Santo. França et al. (2013), in a systematic revision of the Neotropical species of Macrostemum , cited Macrostemum maculatum as a synonym of Macrostemum brasiliense . In following years, the species was called Macrostemum brasiliense by Paprocki & França (2014) and Holzenthal & Calor (2017). The immature stages of Macrostemum brasiliense were associated and illustrated by Pes et al. (2019).