Loxosceles rufescens ( Dufour, 1820 )

Lotz, L. N., 2017, An update on the spider genus Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) in the Afrotropical region, with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 4341 (4), pp. 475-494 : 485-486

Loxosceles rufescens ( Dufour, 1820)

( FIGS 12 , 31 )

Scytodes rufescens Dufour, 1820: 203 , pl. 76, f. 5; Audouin, 1826: 379, pl. 5, f. 2.

Loxosceles citigrada Heineken & Lowe, in Lowe, 1832: 322 , pl. 48, f. 1–14.

Scytodes erythrocephala C. L. Koch, 1838: 90 , f. 399–400.

Scytodes distincta Lucas, 1846: 104 , pl. 2, f. 4.

Omosita rufescens — Simon, 1864: 50.

Scytodes pallida — Blackwall, 1865: 100 (misidentified).

Loxosceles erythrocephala — Simon, 1873: 38; Pavesi, 1876: 435; Simon, 1914: 75, f. 127.

Loxosceles rufescens — Simon, 1873: 38; Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 113, pl. 6, f. 69, pl. 16, f. 450; Simon, 1914: 75, f. 126;. Strand, 1918: 91, pl. 2, f. 28–29; Petrunkevitch, 1929: 108, f. 92–96; Bristowe, 1938: 311, f. 6; Comstock, 1940: 108, f. 96; Yaginuma, 1940: 129, f. 3; Gertsch, 1958: 31, f. 60–62, 73; Bücherl, 1961: 213, f. 2a; Lee, 1966: 24, f. 5a–d; Gertsch, 1967: 144, pl. 10, f. 5–8; Brignoli, 1969: 156, f. 19–62; Canese, 1972: 83, f. 1; Brignoli, 1976: 144, f. 9–10; Paik, 1978: 572, f. 6–13; Yin, Wang & Hu, 1983: 33, f. 1B, 3B; Gertsch & Ennik, 1983: 353, f. 341–343, 348–351; Lehtinen, 1986: 153, f. 4–5, 7; Yaginuma, 1986: 18, f. 12.1; 1987: 155, f. 20.9; Xu, 1987: 3, f. 4A–D; Chen & Gao, 1990: 37, f. 39a–b; Chen & Zhang, 1991: 68, f. 60.1–3; Dunin, 1992: 75, f. 1, 5, 10–12; Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 49, f. 19M–N, Q; Namkung, 2002: 30, f. 2.1a–c; Saaristo, 2002: 29, f. 84–86; Namkung, 2003: 30, f. 2.1a–c; Ono, 2009: 122, f. 1–6; Le Peru, 2011: 111, f. 112; Labarque & Ramírez, 2012: 3, f. 2E, 5A-B, 8A-B, 9E, 10E, 11E, 12E, 13E, 14E, 15E, 16E, 17E, 18E, 19E, 20D-E, 27C-F, 28A-F, 30C-D, 31E; Lotz, 2012: 29 ; Yin et al., 2012: 148, f. 21a-d; Mirshamsi, Hatami & Zamani, 2013: 83, f. 1-4; Zamani & Rafinejad, 2014: 229, f. 2-4; Zamani et al., 2014: 58, f. 1A-B; Chomphuphuang et al., 2016: 143, f. 3- 5, 8-9; Sadeghi, Dashan & Malek-Hossein, 2017: 157, f. 2-4.

Spermophora comoroensis — Butler, 1879: 43, pl. I, f. 5.

Loxosceles compactilis — Simon, 1881: 6.

Loxosceles distincta — Simon, 1908: 422.

Loxosceles marylandicus — Muma, 1944: 2, f. 1.

Loxosceles indrabeles — Tikader, 1963: 23, f. 1a–c. Loxosceles ruescens — Yoo & Kim, 2002: 25, f. 4.

Specimens studied. SOUTH AfRIcA: WESTERN CApE PROvINcE, 1♂ , CApE TOWN, [33°56’S, 18°28’E], 26.IX.1914, R. TUckER LEG . ( SAM B370).

Natural History. COLLEcTEd IN SOUTH AfRIcA fROM INSIdE bUILdINGS. Distribution. Loxosceles rufescens IS A cOSMOpOLITAN SpEcIES; IN SOUTH AfRIcA SO fAR ONLY kNOWN fROM CApE TOWN ( FIG. 39 ).

Figures

FIGURES 39. Loxosceles species distribution map: L. cederbergensis s p. nov.; L. dejagerae s p. nov.; L. rufescens; L. speluncarum; and L. vonwredei.

FIGURES 1 – 18. Loxosceles species male palps: 1. L. bergeri; 2. L. dejagerae s p. nov.; 3. L. fontainei; 4. L. foutadjalloni; 5. L. griffinae s p. nov.; 6. L. haddadi s p. nov.; 7. L. irishi s p. nov.; 8. L. maraisi s p. nov.; 9. L. meruensis; 10. L. parramae; 11. L. pilosa; 12. L. rufescens; 13. L. rufipes; 14. L. simillima; 15. L. smithi; 16. L. speluncarum; 17. L. spinulosa; and 18. L. vonwredei. Scale bares = 1 mm.

FIGURES 19 – 37. Loxosceles species female spermathecae: 19. L. bergeri; 20. L. cederbergensis s p. nov.; 21. L. dejagerae s p. nov.; 22. L. foutadjalloni; 23. L. griffinae s p. nov.; 24. L. irishi s p. nov.; 25. L. lacroixi; 26. L. makapanensis s p. nov.; 27. L. maraisi s p. nov.; 28. L. neuvillei; 29. L. parramae; 30. L. pilosa; 31. L. rufescens; 32. L. rufipes; 33. L. simillima; 34. L. smithi; 35. L. speluncarum; 36. L. spinulosa; and 37. L. vonwredei. Scale bares = 1 mm (scale for some species is unknown).