Scymnomorphus Weise, 1897

Szawaryn, Karol, 2018, Missing geographic link: minute lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Microweiseinae) from Mount Wilhelm, New Guinea, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 58 (1), pp. 227-236 : 228

Scymnomorphus Weise, 1897

Scymnomorphus Weise, 1897: 303 . Type species: Scymnomorphus rotundatus Weise, 1897 (Africa) (designated by POPE 1962: 628). ŚLIPIŃSKI & TOMASZEWSKA (2005:380); KOVÁŘ (2007: 572); ESCALONA & ŚLIPIŃSKI (2012: 152).

Scotoscymnus Weise, 1901: 458 (unnecessary replacement name, see ŚLIPIŃSKI & TOMASZEWSKA 2005). GORDON (1977:189); FÜRSCH (1985: 283); MIYATAKE (1994: 235); REN et al. (2009: 44).

Sukunahikona Kamiya, 1960: 22. Type species: Sukunahikona japonica Kamiya, 1960 (original designation). Synonymized by FÜRSCH (1985: 283).

Hikonasukuna Sasaji, 1967: 4. Type species: Hikonasukuna monticola Sasaji, 1967 (by original designation). FÜRSCH (1985: 287). Synonymized by ESCALONA & ŚLIPIŃSKI (2012: 152).

Orculus Sicard, 1931: 233. Type species Orculus castaneus Sicard, 1931 (by monotypy). FÜRSCH (1985: 289). Synonymized by ESCALONA & ŚLIPIŃSKI (2012: 152).

Differential diagnosis. Scymnomorphus is similar to Pharellus Sicard, 1928 and Paraphellus Chazeau, 1981. From Paraphellus it can be easily separated by club consisting of two or three antennomeres, in contrast to one antennomere in Paraphellus. From Pharellus it differs in the following characters: maxillary cardo broad, visible externally (very narrow, partially visible in Pharellus), submentum distinctly narrower than mentum (submentum and mentum equally broad in Pharellus), mentum deeply emarginate apically (mentum truncate apically in Pharellus), male genitalia with parameres bearing setae (parameres reduced, without setae in Pharellus).

Diagnosis. Body minute, round to oval, convex, dorsum pubescent ( Figs 1A–L ). Head transverse with clypeus and frons usually produced, sometimes rostrate, clypeus bordered laterally ( Figs 4G, J ). Eyes small, convex, coarsely faceted. Antenna consisting of 10 antennomeres, two (sometimes three) terminal antennomeres forming distinct club ( Figs 2B, J , 3A ). Maxillary cardo broad and clearly visible externally ( Fig. 4C ). Terminal palpomere elongate-conical ( Figs 3D , 4G, J ). Submentum distinctly narrower than mentum, mentum deeply emarginate apically ( Figs 3D , 4C ). Pronotum with line separating anterior corners from pronotal disc. Prosternum strongly reduced, prosternal process reduced to narrow carina ( Fig. 4F ). Mesoventrite short and broad, fused in mid part with metaventrite ( Figs 4F, I , 5B ). Elytra punctured ( Figs 4A , 5A ), epipleuron incomplete apically with carina not reaching elytral base ( Fig. 4D ), associated with pits and pores ( Figs 4F, I ). Metaventrite without visible discrimen, usually densely punctured with postcoxal lines descending laterally, associated with pits and pores ( Figs 4F,I , 5B ). Abdomen with six ventrites in both sexes. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete or reaching lateral margin, divided into two lines, usually associated with pits and pores ( Figs 2A, H, I, P , 3C ). Tarsal formula 4-4- 4. Male genitalia asymmetrical, with parameres reduced, always bearing setae.

For detailed description of the genus, see ŚLIPIŃSKI & TOMASZEWSKA (2005), ESCALONA & ŚLIPIŃSKI (2012), and WANG & REN (2012).

Distribution. Pantropical:Africa, Australia, Central America, China, Madagascar, Oriental Region, New Guinea, New Hebrides ( ESCALONA & ŚLIPIŃSKI 2012).

Figures

Fig.1. Habitus of Scymnomorphus species from Mt. Wilhelm, New Guinea. A–F – S. bimaculatus sp. nov.; G–I – S. kausi sp. nov.; J–L – S. papuensis sp. nov. A, D, G, J – dorsal view; B, E, H, K – lateral view; C, F, I, L – frontal view.

Fig. 4. Morphology of Scymnomorphus species. A–C, E–G – S. bimaculatus sp. nov.: A – habitus, dorsal; B – magnification of the elytral punctures; C – mouthparts, ventral; E – magnification of the metaventral punctures; F – meso- and metaventrite; G – head, anterior view. D, H–J – S. papuensis sp. nov.: D – habitus, ventral; H – magnification of the metaventral punctures; I – meso- and metaventrite; J – head, anterior view.

Fig. 2. Morphology of Scymnomorphus species. A–H – S. bimaculatus sp. nov.: A – abdomen, female; B – antenna; C – ovipositor; D – spermatheca; E – tegmen; inner view; F – tegmen, lateral view; G – penis, lateral view; H – abdomen, male. I–P – S. kausi sp. nov.: I – abdomen, female; J – antenna; K – ovipositor; L – spermatheca; M – tegmen, inner view; N – tegmen, lateral view; O – penis, lateral view; P – abdomen, male (arrows indicate glandular opening pores).

Fig. 3. Morphology of Scymnomorphus species. A–C – S. papuensis sp. nov.: A – antenna; B – female genitalia; C – abdomen, female. D – S. kausi sp. nov., head and mouthparts, ventral (lp – labial palp, m – mentum, pm – prementum, sm – submentum).

Fig. 5. Morphology of Scymnomorphus species. A–D, F – S. kausi sp. nov.: A – habitus, dorsal; B – ventral view; C – magnification of metaventral punctures; D – glandular openings on abdominal ventrite 5 in male; F – head, anterior view. E – S. bimaculatus sp. nov., glandular opening on abdominal ventrite 5 in male.