Borniella parva, Grall & Jäger, 2022

Grall, Elena & Jäger, Peter, 2022, Four new genera of Heteropodinae Thorell, 1873 from Malaysia, Brunei and Papua New Guinea (Araneae: Sparassidae), Zootaxa 5169 (1), pp. 1-25 : 3-5

Borniella parva spec. nov.

Figs 1–16 , 82–85 , 98

Type material. MALAYSIA: Sarawak Province : Holotype male ( PJ 1227 ): Mulu Expedition, Camp 1, 4°3’2.88”N, 114°52’1.20”E, ca. 330 m, MDF, leaf litter near waterfall, 24 May 1978, F. Wanless ( NHM).

Paratypes (4 females): 2 females ( PJ 1228–1229 ) with same data as for holotype ( NHM; 1 female: SMF) . 2 females ( PJ 1204–1205 ) with same data as for holotype, except: shrub layer, 20 June 1978 ( NHM) .

Additional material examined (14 females). MALAYSIA : Sarawak Province: 9 females with same data as for holotype, but : 1 female ( PJ 1221 ) , Tapin river , 4°3’35.25”N, 114°51’47.83”E, ca. 100 m, waterside, vegetation, 5 June 1978 ( NHM) ; 3 females ( PJ 1218–1220 ) , 150 m, Plot 2, forest leaf litter ( NHM) ; 5 females ( SD 1449 , PJ 1222–1226 ) 2 March 1978, H.W. Vallame ( NHM) . BRUNEI: Temburong: 2 females, Ulu Temburong National Park, Kuala Belalong Field study Centre , ca. 4°32’49.31”N, 115° 9’20.36”E, 147 m, 1–25 February 2013, O. Machac ( SMF) .

Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin word “parvus” meaning “small” and refers to the small body size of this species; adjective.

Diagnosis. Small Sparassidae with TL <4.5 ( Figs 82–85 ). Borniella parva spec. nov. may be recognised by the following combination of characters: Males ( Figs 1–3 ): 1. Single RTA long, reaching distally to retrolateral cymbial bulge, 2. Embolus arising from tegulum at 9-o’clock-position, running roughly a semicircle and 3. Distal TA largest with small tooth ventrally, median TA mid-range in size, triangular in prolateral view, proximal TA smallest, acute triangular, situated close to spermophor winding. Females ( Figs 4–7 ): 1. Posterior part of vulva with spermathecae distinctly wider than anterior part with glandular appendages and 2. Copulatory openings with roughly right-angled rims.

Description. Male (holotype): TL 3.3; PL 1.7, PW 1.7, AW 0.95; OL 1.6, OW 1.1. Eye measurements ( Fig. 8 ): AME 0.11; ALE 0.16; PME 0.10; PLE 0.22; AME–AME 0.06; AME–ALE 0.01; PME–PME 0.15; PME–PLE 0.18; AME–PME 0.15; ALE–PLE 0.16; clypeus AME 0.14; clypeus ALE 0.13. PLE on small humps. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 2.55 (0.75, 0.40, 0.50, 0.90); I: 6.15 (1.65, 0.80, 1.60, 1.50, 0.60); II: 7.85 (2.20, 0.90, 2.10, 1.95, 0.70); III: 6.60 (1.90, 0.80, 1.70, 1.60, 0.60); IV: 6.70 (1.90, 0.70, 1.70, 1.75, 0.65). Leg formula: 2431. Spination: palp: 131, 101, 2110; legs: Fe I 322, Fe II & III 222, Fe IV 231; Pa I–IV 000; Ti I & II 1016, Ti III & IV 2226; Mt I & II 0006, Mt III 2036, Mt IV 3036. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal, 5 retromarginal teeth, 13–14 denticles in patch close to promarginal teeth and 1 escort seta ( Fig. 13 ). Serrula with 24 denticles. Prolateral claw of leg II with 17 teeth ( Fig. 10 ). Trilobate membrane with narrow median hook, slightly shorter than lateral projections ( Fig. 15 ).

Palp as in diagnosis ( Figs 1–3 ). RTA long and tapering, almost straight in ventral view, moderately curved in retrolateral view. Conductor short and slender, arising at 12.30-o’clock-position from tegulum. Retrolateral part of tegulum kidney-shaped. Spermophor running retrolaterally submarginally along tegular margin, with distinct prolaterad U-turn proximally and another retrolaterad U-turn following directly after that. Embolus slender and semicircular. Distal tegular apophysis sail-shaped, connected directly with its prolateral rim to the embolus base.

Colouration in ethanol ( Figs 82–83 ): Prosoma yellowish-white, posterior and lateral margins with brown band, medio-anteriorly light brown semi-circular pattern, medially with brown longitudinal stripe along fovea. Sternum yellowish-white. Chelicerae yellow-brown. Coxa I–III medio-dorsally with brown stripe. Palps and legs yellowish-white. Opisthosoma yellowish-white, laterally and posteriorly with brown spots, ventral part white, posteriorly brown.

Female (paratype): TL 3.7; PL 1.8, PW 1.7, AW 1.0; OL 1.9, OW 1.2. Eye measurements ( Fig. 9 ): AME 0.10; ALE 0.16; PME 0.09; PLE 0.19; AME–AME 0.10; AME–ALE 0.03; PME–PME 0.15; PME–PLE 0.21; AME–PME 0.15; ALE–PLE 0.19; clypeus AME 0.15; clypeus ALE 0.13. PLE on small humps. Leg formula: 2431; measurements of palp and legs: palp: 2.90 (0.80, 0.50, 0.70, 0.90); I: 5.85 (1.60, 0.70, 1.55, 1.45, 0.55); II: 7.25 (2.10, 0.80, 2.00, 1.75, 0.60); III: 6.20 (1.80, 0.70, 1.65, 1.50, 0.55); IV: 6.45 (1.80, 0.65, 1.70, 1.70, 0.60). Leg formula: 2431. Spination: palp: 131, 101, 2221, 1004; legs: Fe I 322, Fe II & III 222, Fe IV 221; Pa I–IV 000; Ti I & II 1016, Ti III 2006, Ti IV 2226; Mt I & II 0006, Mt III 1016, MT IV 3036. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal, 6 retromarginal teeth, 14–15 denticles in patch close to promarginal teeth and 1 escort seta ( Fig. 14 ). Serrula with 26 denticles. Palpal claw with 5 long and 2–3 short teeth ( Fig. 11 ). Retrolateral claw of leg III with 13 teeth ( Fig. 12 ). Trilobate membrane with narrow median hook, almost as long as lateral projections ( Fig. 16 ).

Copulatory organ as in diagnosis ( Figs 4–7 ). Epigynal field oval, wider than long, without slit sensilla or anterior bands. Internal duct system wider than long. Posterior part of internal duct system wider than anterior part. Fertilization ducts short and slender, arising postero-laterally. Membranous structure covers posterior part of internal duct system.

Colouration in ethanol ( Figs 84–85 ): Prosoma yellowish-white, medio-anteriorly with semi-circular light brown pattern, medially with brown longitudinal stripe, posterior and lateral margin brown. Sternum white. Opisthosoma greyish-white with brown spots, posteriorly brown, ventral part greyish-white. Chelicerae yellowish-brown. Coxa I–III medio-dorsally with brown stripe. Palps yellowish-white. Legs yellowish-white; Fe proximally light brown; Pa ventrally light brown.

Variation female (n=14). TL 3.25–4.1; PL 1.65–1.9, PW 1.6–1.8, AW 1.0–1.1; OL 1.6–2.3, OW 0.9–1.7. Measurements leg I: total length 5.62–6.20, Fe 1.50–1.70, Pa 0.70–0.80, Ti 1.45–1.60, Mt 1.35–1.50, Ta 0.55–0.60. Spination: palps: Ti 2121; Mt 1014; legs: Fe II & III 322; Ti III 1016, 2026; Mt III 1006, 2006, 2016, 2026, 3026.

Distribution. Borneo ( Malaysia: Sarawak; Brunei) ( Fig. 98 : green circles).

Figures

FIGURE 98. Distribution of the new genera and species in Malaysia, Brunei and Papua New Guinea.

FIGURES 1–3. Borniella parva gen. & spec. nov. holotype male from Sarawak, left male palp (1 prolateral, 2 ventral, 3 retrolateral). C—conductor, dTA— distal tegular apophysis, E—embolus, mTA—median tegular apophysis, pTA—proximal tegular apophysis, RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis, S—spermophor, ST—subtegulum.

FIGURES 4–7. Borniella parva gen. & spec. nov., female paratype from Sarawak. 4, 6 Epigyne, ventral; 5 Vulva, dorsal (internal duct system and rim of copulatory opening in red, epigynal pocket and parts of the inner rims in green); 7 Schematic course of internal duct system, ventral. CO—copulatory opening, CP—copulatory plug, EF—epigynal field, EP—epigynal pocket, FD—fertilization duct, GA—glandular appendages, LS—lobal septum, MSu—membranous sac (unexpanded), SP— spermatheca.

FIGURES 8–16. Borniella parva gen. & spec. nov., holotype male (8, 10, 13, 15) and female paratype (9, 11–12, 14, 16) from Sarawak. 8–9 Eyes, dorsal. 10–12 Claws (10 right leg II, prolateral claw, prolateral; 11 right palp, prolateral; 12 right leg II, retrolateral claw, retrolateral). 13–14 Left chelicera, ventral. 15–16 Trilobate membrane, distal metatarsus, dorsal (15 right leg III, 16 right leg I). LP—lateral projections, MH—median hook.

FIGURES 82–97. Heteropodinae gen. & spp. nov., habitus (dorsal and ventral, respectively). 82–85 Borniella parva gen. & spec. nov.; 86–89 Menarik kecil gen. & spec. nov.; 90–93 Micropoda davisae gen. & spec. nov.; 94–97 Tiomaniella ladam gen. & spec. nov. (82–83, 86–87, 90–91, 94–95 holotype male, 84–85, 88–89, 92–93, 96–97 female paratype).