Caryophyllia antarctica Marenzeller, 1904

Cairns, Stephen D. & Polonio, Virginia, 2013, New records of deep-water Scleractinia off Argentina and the Falkland Islands, Zootaxa 3691 (1) : -

Caryophyllia antarctica Marenzeller, 1904

Figs. 2 D–E, 6

Caryophyllia antarctica Marenzeller, 1904: 293 –294, pl. 16, figs. 7, 7d.—Squires, 1969: 16, 17, pl. 6, map 1.—Cairns, 1982: 15–16, pl. 3, figs. 7–9, pl. 4, figs. 1–4, map 3 (re-description, complete synonymy); 1990: 33–34, figs. 8–9.—Kitahara, Cairns & Miller, 2010: 114 (key).

Remarks. This species is relatively well known, and was re-described from abundant material by Cairns (1982, 1990). Despite its location, the specimens reported herein are entirely consistent with the known species. They have four complete cycles of septa, the inner edges of their S3 and P3 being quite sinuous, each of these elements having oblique rows or ridges of rectangular-shaped granules on their faces. The fossa is quite shallow and the columella is well developed.

Distribution. The distribution of C. antarctica was stated to be exclusively Antarctic, with the northernmost records being at South Georgia and Bouvet Island (Cairns 1982), and thus these records are range extensions into the cold temperate region as far north as 43°17’S ( Fig. 6), as well as increasing its bathymetric range from 87– 1435 to 87–1620 m. Squires (1969) reported this species from the Subantarctic regions of southern Chile and off the Falkland Islands, but Cairns (1982) dismissed these records as they could not be confirmed by specimen data. The Argentinean records cause one to reconsider if Squires may have been correct about the Subantarctic distribution.

Material. PAT1108DR5, 15, MNCN; PAT1208DR4, 1, MNCN; PAT0209DR1, 2, MNCN; PAT0209DR4, 1, USNM 1193272; PAT0209DR7, 1, MNCN; PAT0209DR8, 1, MNCN; PAT0209DR15, 2, MNCN.

Figures

FIGURE 2. A – C, Bathelia candida: A, PAT 1008 DR 5, rarely observed case of intratentacular budding; B – C, PAT 0210 DR 10, a calice and branch fragment, respectively. D – E, Caryophyllia antarctica, PAT 0209 DR 4, calicular and lateral views of corallum. F – G, C. squiresi, PAT 1208 DR 6, calicular and lateral views of corallum. H – I, C. kellerae, holotype, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum. J – K, C. coronula, holotype, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum. L – M, Crispatotrochus cornu, PAT 0209 DR 14, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum.