Saigona fulgoroides ( Walker, 1858 )

Liang, Ai-Ping & Song, Zhi-Shun, 2006, Revision of the Oriental and eastern Palaearctic planthopper genus Saigona Matsumura, 1910 (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae), with descriptions of five new species, Zootaxa 1333, pp. 25-54 : 34-37

Saigona fulgoroides ( Walker, 1858)

( Figs. 2, 3 , 16–25 )

Dictyophora [sic] fulgoroides Walker, 1858: 67 . Lectotype Ψ, designated by Liang, 2001: 235, China (BMNH) [examined].

Saigona gibbosa Matsumura, 1910: 111 , 112; Kato, 1933: pl. 12, fig. 3; Metcalf, 1946: 47. Lectotype ♂, designated by Liang and Suwa, 1998: 155, Taiwan (HU) [examined]. [Synonymised by Liang, 2001: 235.]

Leprota fulgoroides (Walker) ; Melichar, 1912: 91, pl. 3, figs. 14, 15; Metcalf, 1946: 75.

Piela singularis Lallemand, 1942: 73 . Holotype Ψ, China (IZCAS) [examined]. New synonymy

Saigona fulgoroides (Walker) ; Nast, 1972: 84.

Redescription

ɗ, BL: 17.4–18.3 mm; HL: 5.0–5.9 mm; HW: 1.6–1.8 mm; FWL: 11.4–12.2 mm. Ψ, BL: 16.5–18.6 mm; HL: 4.8–6.1 mm; HW: 1.6–1.9 mm; FWL: 10.9–12.5 mm.

General color fuscous, marked with ochraceous and brown. Vertex fuscous, with small, yellowish spot at apex. Genae mostly fuscous, areas surrounding ocellus and antenna beneath eye yellowish. Frons, postclypeus, and anteclypeus brown, with numerous yellowish or pale brown speckles. Rostrum yellowish or yellowish green. Pronotum fuscous, suffused with ochraceous; median carina pale green; lateral, ventrally curved areas with broad, yellowish band. Mesonotum dark brown, with broad, pale green stripe along median longitudinal carina. Thorax ventrally yellowish, marked with blackish brown. Legs yellowish brown, marked with ochraceous. Abdomen ventrally yellowish or yellowish brown, marked with fuscous; dorsally dark brown, with broad, yellowish, median longitudinal stripe; pygofer. and parameres fuscous.

Head ( Figs. 1, 2 , 16–18 ) long, much longer than pronotum and mesonotum combined. Cephalic process ( Figs. 1, 2 , 16, 17 ) distinctly elongate and robust, apically bulbous, with 3 pairs of symmetrical knoblike protuberance on lateral region. Vertex with median carina faint, lateral carinate margins strongly sinuate. Frons ( Fig. 18 ) with lateral carinae reaching to eyes, not to frontoclypeal suture.

Mesonotum ( Figs. 1, 2 , 16 ) with lateral carinae distinct, median carina strongly faint. Fore wing venation as in Fig. 22 .

Male genitalia with pygofer ( Figs. 19–21 ) large and broad in lateral view ( Fig. 20 ), posterior margin with sharp, dorsoposteriorly directed process near apex, length ratio of upper margin to lower margin about 1: 2.0. Anal tube ( Figs. 19, 20 ) relatively large, nearly triangular in lateral view ( Fig. 20 ) and long oval in dorsal view ( Fig. 19 ), with ratio of length to width at middle about 1.7: 1. Anal style ( Figs. 19, 20 ) relatively long and narrow. Parameres ( Figs. 20, 21 ) relatively small and broad in lateral aspect ( Fig. 20 ), apex sharply rounded and protruded posteriorly. Aedeagus ( Figs. 23–25 ) with phallobase relatively short and narrow; phallobasal conjunctival processes short, directed laterally; phallobase with apical, dorsal, membranous lobe produced dorsally in lateral view ( Fig. 24 ) and apical, ventral, membranous lobe small and semi-globose in ventral view ( Fig. 23 ), both lobes without fine spines at apex.

Type material examined

Lectotype Ψ of Dictyophara fulgoroides Walker, 1858 , designated by Liang (2001), [small round white label with green margin] Type; [printed] DICTYOPHORA FULGOROIDES ; 55/87 [underside] n. China ( BMNH). Lectotype ɗ of Saigona gibbosa Matsumura, 1910 , designated by Liang & Suwa (1998), Taiwan (HU). Holotype Ψ of Piela singularis Lallemand, 1942 , [ China, Zhejiang]: 24.v.1937, O. Piel coll.; T’ienmu Shan; [pink label] TYPE; [blue label] IOZ(E) 220236; [Lallemand’s handwriting] Piela singularis Lall. 1940 , Lallemand det. ( IZCAS). China: 2ΨΨ (Paralectotypes of Dictyophara fulgoroides Walker, 1858 ), 58/87 [underside] n. China ( BMNH). Taiwan: 10ɗɗ, 4ΨΨ (Paralectotypes of Saigona gibbosa Matsumura, 1910 ), Taiwan (HU).

Other material examined

China, Fujian: 1ɗ, 1Ψ, Chongan, Xingcun, Sangang, 740 m, 21.v.1960, F. J. Pu; 2ΨΨ, same locality and altitude, 16,21. v.1960, S. Q. Jiang; 1Ψ, same locality and altitude, 4.v.1960, C. L. Ma; 1Ψ, Chongan, Jianyang, 740–1170 m, 20.v.1960, C. L. Ma; 1Ψ, Chongan, Xingcun, 800–1140 m, 11.v.1960, F. J. Pu; 1Ψ, same locality, 900–1160 m, 6.vii.1963, Y. W. Zhang; 1ɗ, 2ΨΨ, same locality, 950–1210 m, 22.v.1960, C. L. Ma, Y. R. Zhang & Y. Zuo; 3ɗɗ, 7ΨΨ, Jianyang, Huangkeng, Aotou, 700–950 m, 17,27,29,30.iv & 5.v.1960, F. J. Pu; 3ɗɗ, 1Ψ, same locality, 750–950 m, 26,30.iv & 7.v.1960, Y. R. Zhang; 3ɗɗ, 2ΨΨ, same locality, 650–980 m, 5,6,7. v.1960, S. Q. Jiang; 4ɗɗ, same locality, 750–1050 m, 26,27.iv & 5,7. v.1960, C. L. Ma; 1ɗ, same locality, 720–950 m, 2.vii.1963, Y. W. Z h a n g; 1 Ψ, same locality and altitude, 30.iv.1960, Y. Zuo (all in IZCAS); 1Ψ, Nanjing, Hexi, 21.iv.1965, L. C. Wang (KU); Guangdong: 1Ψ, Chebaling, 400 m, 14.iv.2006, D. Zhang ( IZCAS); Guangxi: 1Ψ, Longsheng, 300 m, 27.v.1963, Y. S. Shi ( IZCAS); 1Ψ, Longsheng, Mt. Taiping, 740 m, 9.vi.1963, S. Y. Wang ( IZCAS); Guizhou: 1ɗ, Guiyang, 1000 m, 25.v.1981, F. S. Li ( CAU); Hubei: 1Ψ, Shennongjia, 900–1300 m, 23.v.1981, Y. H. Han ( IZCAS); Hunan: 1ɗ, Dayong, Zhangjiajie, 6.vi.1986, no collector ( IZCAS); Jiangxi: 1Ψ, Mt. Lushan, no date and collector ( IZCAS); 1ɗ, 4ΨΨ, Jiangxi, Kuling, 10,12,13. vii.1935, O. Piel (Musée Heude) ( IZCAS); Sichuan: 1ɗ, Mt. Qingcheng, 1000 m, 5.vi.1979, J. W. Shang ( IZCAS); 1ɗ, 1Ψ, Mt. Emei, 9–10.vi.1955, K. R. Huang & G. T. Jin ( IZCAS); 1Ψ, Mt. Emei, Baoguosi, 550–750 m, 30.v.1957, Y. C. Lu ( IZCAS); 1Ψ, same locality and altitude, 25.v.1957, Z. Y. Wang ( IZCAS); 2ɗɗ, Mt. Emei, Qingyinge, 800–1000 m, 29.v & 12.vi.1957, K. R. Huang ( IZCAS); 1ɗ, same locality, 16.v.1957, F. X. Zhu ( IZCAS); 1Ψ, Qianjiang, 1750 m, 14.vii.1989, N. N. Xiao ( IZCAS); Taiwan: 1Ψ, Sakahen, 13.vii.1949, L. Gressitt ( NCSU); Zhejiang: 7ɗɗ, 6ΨΨ, Mt. Tianmu, 6–21.vi.1936, 21–29.v.1937, O. Piel (Musée Heude) ( IZCAS).

Remarks

This species can be distinguished from other known Saigona species by its cephalic process being bulbous apically, with 3 pairs of knoblike protuberance on lateral region; and male pygofer with a sharp, dorsoposteriorly directed process on the posterior margin near the apex.

Based on dictyopharid material deposited in the Musée Heude, Shanghai, China, Lallemand (1942) described Piela singularis from Mt. Tianmu in Zhejiang Province in southeastern China; however, he did not provide any information about the type specimens he studied, including the number and sex of the type specimens. This species was neglected by Metcalf and it was not included in Metcalf’s (1942) catalogue of the world Dictyopharidae . Most specimens of Musée Heude, Shanghai, are now housed in the IZCAS, Beijing, China. In the IZCAS, we found one female specimen bearing a type label and a determination label with the name P. singularis Lallemand in Lallemand’s handwriting. We believe that the female specimen is the holotype of Piela singularis that Lallemand (1942) studied, because morphologically it matches Lallemand’s (1942) original description very well. Our careful examination of the female holotype shows that it is a synonym of S. fulgoroides ( Walker, 1858) .

Distribution

China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang), Sumatra, Borneo. It is necessary to note that Walker (1858) reported fulgoroides from “n. China ” and he frequently referred to “North China ” in his publications on Chinese Homoptera (e.g. Walker, 1858: 67, 171). However, the ‘North China ” sensu Walker is actually southern China.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 12. Dorsal habitus of Saigona species. 1. S. capitata (Distant, 1914), female. 2. S. fulgoroides (Walker, 1858), male, China. 3. same, female. 4. S. fuscoclypeata sp. nov., male, holotype, China: Shaanxi. 5. S. henanensis sp. nov., male, holotype, China: Henan. 6. S. latifasciata sp. nov., male, holotype, China: Yunnan. 7. S. robusta sp. nov., male, holotype, China: Hubei. 8. same, female, paratype. 9. S. sinicola sp. nov., male, holotype, China: Shaanxi. 10. same, female, paratype. 11. S. ussuriensis (Lethierry, 1878), male, Japan. 12. same, female.

FIGURES 16 – 25. Saigona fulgoroides (Walker, 1858), male. 16. head, pronotum and mesonotum (dorsal view). 17. head and pronotum (lateral view). 18. head (ventral view). 19. pygofer and anal tube (dorsal view). 20. genitalia (lateral view). 21. pygofer and parameres (ventral view). 22. right fore wing. 23. aedeagus (ventral view). 24. same (lateral view). 25. same (dorsal view).