Parapterygotrigla

Richards, William J. & Yato, Takuji, 2014, Revision of the subgenus Parapterygotrigla (Pisces: Triglidae: Pterygotrigla), Zootaxa 3768 (1), pp. 23-42 : 24

Subgenus Parapterygotrigla

Parapterygotrigla Matsubara 1937: 266 . Fem. Type species Parapterygotrigla multiocellata Matsubara 1937: 266 by monotypy.

Dixiphistops Fowler 1938: 115 . Masc. Dixiphistops megalops Fowler 1938 . Type by original designation (also monotypic). Dixiphistes Fowler 1938: 117 . Masc. Dixiphistes macrorhynchus Fowler 1938 . Type by original designation (also monotypic). Dixiphichthys Fowler 1938: 119 . Masc. Dixiphichthys hoplites Fowler 1938 . Type by original designation (also monotypic).

Diagnosis. Nasal spine present, nuchal and cleithral spine long and strong, opercular spine small, and rostral [anterior infraorbital (AIO)] spines long in young, strong in large specimens.

Species. Pterygotrigla hoplites ( Fowler, 1938) , P. jacad sp. nov., P. macrorhynchus Kamohara 1936 , P. megalops ( Fowler, 1938) , P. multiocellata ( Matsubara, 1937) , and P. robertsi del Cerro & Lloris 1997.

Remarks. Trigla brandesii Bleeker 1850 has no extant type material (M.J.P. van Oijen, pers. comm.) and a non-specific description, but may be referable here. Young stage specimens referable to this subgenus include Pterygotrigla fercula (Whitley 1938) , a juvenile, and two larvae are incertae sedis.

Key to species of Pterygotrigla (Parapterygotrigla)

1a AIO with an antrorse spine at its base.......................................................... P. multiocellata

1b AIO without an antrorse spine at its base.................................................................. 2

2a AIO long and slender................................................................................. 3

2b AIO short and strong................................................................................... 5

3a Small anteriorly directed spines at base of D2 fin, snout of moderate length <20% head length, head profile not low & depressed............................................................................................ 4

3b No small spines at base of D2 fin, snout long>26% head length, profile of head low, depressed........... P. macrorhynchus

4a Buckler absent anterior to D1 fin origin............................................................. P. hoplites

4b Buckler present anterior to D1 fin origin.......................................................... P. megalops

5a Pectoral fin of moderate length 28–31% SL, eye large 34–36% head length, snout short 13–14% SL....... P. jacad sp. nov.

5b Pectoral fin long 46–55% SL, eye of moderate size about 26% head length, snout long 16–20% SL............. P. robertsi