Paramacroxiphus brunneus, Ingrisch, 2008

Ingrisch, Sigfrid, 2008, Revision of the genera Paramacroxiphus C. Willemse 1961 and Pseudomacroxiphus C. Willemse 1961 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini), Zootaxa 1755 (1), pp. 1-34 : 12-15

Paramacroxiphus brunneus sp. n.

Figs. 13 , 29 , 43 , 45 , 53–54 , 79 , 95

Holotype (male): Indonesia: Papua, Neth. Ind.-Amer. New Guinea Exped., Araucaria Camp , 800m, 11.III.1939, lg. L.J. Toxopeus, labelled: " Paramacroxiphus brunneus sp. n. " . Holotype in Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense [Cibinong], Indonesia .

Specimens Examined (Paratypes): 1 female, Neth. Ind.-Amer. New Guinea Exped., Bernhard Camp, 50m, 27.III.1939, lg. L.J. Toxopeus (MBBJ); 1 larva (female last instar), do. Araucaria Camp, 800m, 15.III.1939, lg. L.J. Toxopeus ( MBBJ) .

Description. Fastigium verticis: eye length = 1.8: 2.4 mm; projecting 1.0 mm in front of eyes. Tegmen rather broad; anterior margin sinuate and tegmen narrowest in circa middle of length. Femora with the following number of spines on ventral margins: profemur 8 external, 6–7 internal; mesofemur 6–7 external, 3–4 internal; postfemur 13–14 external, 14–16 internal.

Male. Stridulatory file circa 3.95 mm long, sinuate; teeth large and spaced near base, medium-sized in middle and small and very dense near apex ( Fig. 13 ); with about 120 teeth or 30.4 teeth per mm; in middle with 25.0 teeth per mm; in basal half with 14.0 teeth per mm. Tenth abdominal tergite globose; apical margin concave at each side and slightly prolonged and curved ventro-craniad in middle ( Fig. 29 ). Cerci short, broadconical and somewhat dorso-ventrally compressed; with a lobate baso-internal process, a stout longitudinal carina on internal margin, and somewhat below this carina with a small, finger-shaped, acute, apico-internal tooth ( Fig. 29 ). Subgenital plate with medial carina and deviating margins; in apical half divided into two narrow branches that are deviating and later approaching each other; apical half also curved dorsad; styli thin ( Fig. 43 ).

Titillators hardly sclerotised [freshly moulted?] and indistinct; apically connected with a white-hyaline, circa ovoid, lobate sheath; ventrally of this sheath the membrane forms a complex, irregular, yellow-hyaline structure, which carries a small, rugose, lateral lobe and a baso-internal, curved, hyaline spine ( Figs. 45 , 53– 54 ).

Female. Tenth abdominal tergite with apex subtruncate but triangularly furrowed in middle. Epiproct small, rounded. Cerci long-conical, slightly curved, apex pointing. Subgenital plate curved dorsad in specimen at hand such that the internal [= dorsal] side is visible; not well preserved. Subgenital plate in central area rhombic, consisting of two separate sclerites connected by membranous areas widening towards base; lateral of the central area with transverse folds with concave surface that might on external [= ventral] side carry additional sclerotised plates ( Fig. 79 ). Ovipositor long; highest in circa middle of length; dorsal margin convex, at base concave; ventral margin concave, at base convex; both margins smooth.

Coloration. Reddish brown. Frons including mandibles dark brown; labrum with ventral half of dorsal part yellow; antennal scrobae, scapus and pedicellus partly black. Femora (in larvae also pronotum) dark brown with pale spots (most distinct in larva, in male hardly distinct). Tegmen with dorsal area pale; lateral area dark reddish brown with paler veins and light transverse veinlets in circa basal half, unicolorous in apical area.

Measurements: body male 36, female 35; pronotum male 11.7, female 11.3; tegmen male 48, female 51; postfemur male 26.5, female 30; ovipositor 55 mm.

Diagnosis. Males of the new species are unique for the subgenital plate with the apical area divided into two narrow, convex and upcurved branches, thus embracing a hole with open tip. The shape of the male tenth abdominal tergite is about intermediate between those of P. bifasciatus and P.irregularius . P. brunneus differs by distinct differences in the shapes of the cerci and subgenital plate. The titillators are characterised by the possession of a spinule on the lateral branches of the apical parts and the central area surrounded by complex membranous structures. Although it cannot be excluded that the titillators were not fully hardened after the final moult when the specimen was caught. The female differs by the rhombic central area of the subgenital plate from the other species.

Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the uniformly brown coloration.

Figures

FIGURES 11–15. Stridulatory files on underside of left tegmen of Paramacroxiphus males: 11, P.armatus holotype; 12, P. bifasciatus holotype; 13, P. brunneus holotype; 14, P. elongatus holotype; 15, P. irregularius holotype.

FIGURES 29–34. Male abdominal apex of Paramacroxiphus species in dorsal view (31, in dorso-lateral view; 34, left cercus): 29, P. brunneus holotype; 30, P.armatus holotype; 31, P. elongatus holotype; 32, P. bifasciatus holotype; 33–34, P. irregularius holotype. The arrow points at the baso-internal tooth of the cercus. 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ce cercus; pa process of paraproct; sg subgenital plate.

FIGURES 35–44. Male subgenital plate (35–43) and stridulatory area of right tegmen (44) of Paramacroxiphus species: 35, P. elongatus holotype; 36, P. irregularius holotype; 37, P.rufus holotype; 38, P. securiformis holotype; 39, P.armatus holotype; 40, P. bifasciatus holotype; 41, P. maculatus holotype; 42, P. aberrans holotype; 43, P. brunneus holotype; 44, P.aberransparatype. Abbreviations: m mirror, s scrapper, sp field of spinules.

FIGURES 45–49. Male titillators of Paramacroxiphus species in ventro-distal view: 45, P. brunneus holotype; 46, P. bifasciatus holotype; 47, P. irregularius holotype; 48, P. elongatus holotype; 49, P.armatus holotype (surface structure indicated at apex). Baso-lateral sclerite only shown on one side. Abbreviations: ap apical part of titillator; bp basal part of titillator; br bristles; bs baso-lateral sclerite; m membranous part of phallus.

FIGURES 50–56. Male titillators of Paramacroxiphus species in lateral view (50, 53), dorso-proximal view (51–52, 55– 56) and detail of apical part (54): 50–51, P.armatus holotype; 52, P. bifasciatus holotype; 53–54, P. brunneus holotype; 55, P. elongatus holotype; 56, P. irregularius holotype. Abbreviations: ap apical part of titillator; bp basal part of titillator; br bristles; bs baso-lateral sclerite; m membranous part of phallus. Scale bars = 1 mm.(ZMB); 1 female, do. 67, Pionierlager, 1.v.–30.vi.1912, Bürgers (ZMB); 1 female, do. [label unreadable], Bürgers (ZMB).

FIGURES 67–79. Female subgenital plate of Paramacroxiphus species in ventral view (67, 69, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78), lateral view (68, 71, 73, 75, 77) or recurved (79): 67–68, P. aberrans allotype (67) and paratype (68); 69, P. tessellatus holotype [the white arrow points at the apical cones]; 70–71, P. maculatus allotype; 72–73, P. uniformis holotype; 74–75, P. securiformis allotype; 76–77, P.rufus allotype (76) and paratype (77); 78, P.armatus paratype; 79, P. brunneus allotype. Abbreviations: ac apical cone; m membranous area; po pits at very base of ovipositor; ps pits at lateral area of subgenital plate; sd inner [= dorsal] surface of recurved subgenital plate; vv base of ventral valves of ovipositor usually hidden under subgenital plate.