Tullgrenella morenensis ( Tullgren, 1905 )

Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H. & Rodrigues, Everton N. L., 2024, Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina), Zootaxa 5411 (1), pp. 1-71 : 12-15

Tullgrenella morenensis ( Tullgren, 1905)

Figs 2F , 3F , 7A , 8A–D , 9A–D , 50A–C

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Euophrys morenensis Tullgren, 1905: 72 , pl. 9, fig. 37 (holotype, male, ARGENTINA, Jujuy, Casabindo [22°58’00.1”S 66°04’00.1”W], Expedición Sueca of the Chaco and Cordillera , IV.1947, Moreno leg. (Natur historiska Riksmuseet, Stockholm), not examined).

Tullgrenella morenensis : Mello-Leitão, 1941: 192, fig. 85 (paratype, male, ARGENTINA, Jujuy, Yala [24°11’03.4”S 65°17’53.2”W], III.1939, M. Birabén leg. (MLP 14908, examined); female, IV.1947, M. Birabén leg. (MACN-Ar 6221), examined); Galiano 1970: 336, figs 1–4; Edwards, 2015: 69, figs 32A–H.

Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella morenensis differ from those of T. brescoviti Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 by the depression on the tegulum ( Fig. 8C , see red arrow), and from those of T. guayapae Galiano, 1970 by the rotation of the large cradle-shaped conductor ( Figs 8C vs 10C). Females of T. morenensis resemble those of the morenensis group by the monoplanar spiral on a flat epigynum and the copulatory ducts in double or triple-looped spirals ( Figs 7A , 9C–D ), but differ from those of T. guayapae by the copulatory ducts without depression on the first lap and tree loops ( Fig. 7B ), and from those of T. brescoviti by the rounded posteriorly-opening coupling pocket ( Figs 7A–C , 9C–D vs 13C–D).

Redescription. Male (MACN-Ar 42165). Total length 5.05. Carapace length 2.33; width 1.86; height 1.16. Cephalic region length 1.20; thoracic region length 1.08. Ocular area length 0.87; Anterior eyes row 1.44 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.38 wide; Distance ALE–PME 0.25; PME–PLE 0.23. Ocular diameter AME 0.38; ALE 0.15; PME 0.15; PLE 0.14. Clypeus height 0.15. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.70; 0.39 wide; Fang 0.37 length. Endites length 0.39; 0.36 wide. Labium length 0.27; 0.27 wide. Sternum length 1.07; 0.78 wide. Abdomen length 2.43; 1.60 wide, height 1.30. Legs, femur length I: 1.29; II: 1.12; III: 1.51; IV: 1.66; patella I: 0.87; II: 0.76; III: 0.62; IV: 0.76; tibia I: 0.95; II: 0.73; III: 0.73; IV: 1.12; metatarsus I: 0.62; II: 0.41; III: 0.83; IV: 1.05; tarsus I: 0.46; II: 0.30; III: 0.52; IV: 0.51. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length of femur 0.94, patella 0.27, tibia 0.31, cymbium 0.82. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d1–1–1, p2di; II: d1–1–1, p2di, r2di; III: d1–1–1, p0–1–2di, r2di; IV: d1–1–1, p2di, r2di. Patella I–II: p1di; III–IV: p1, r1. Tibia I–II: v0–2–2, p1subdistal; III: d1di, v0–2–2, p4di, r4di; IV: d1di, v0–2–2, p4di, r4di. Metatarsus I: v0–2–2, p2di; II: v0–2–2, p2di; III: v0–2–2, pI–2, r1–2; IV: v0–2–2, pI–I–2, rI–1–2. Palp macrosetae, femur: d1–1–1. Carapace: chelicerae, as in genus ( Figs 8A–B ). Endites black as chelicerae, with protruding external angles lighter and serrated. Labium black, wider than long. Sternum slightly narrower than the base of labium, oval, black ( Fig. 8B ). Legs brown. Abdomen as in genus, white spots on dorsal posterior abdomen ( Fig. 8A , see red arrow). Palp, femur brown, with reduced ventral basal protuberance. Tibia with retrolateral apophysis sclerotized, acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum ( Fig. 8C ). Hook-shaped projection between RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis ( Fig. 8D , see red arrow). Dorsal portion of the tibia well-developed with rounded prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis ( Fig. 8D ). Distal cymbium with retrolateral curvature, brown ( Fig. 8C ). Tegulum with central depression in the middle, with groove ( Fig. 8C , see red arrow). Embolar base projected dorso-prolaterally, tegular process globose and membranous ( Fig. 8C , see purple arrow). Embolus thin, sclerotized and slightly curved, not exceeding the cymbium apex ( Fig. 8C ). Projections accompanying the embolus, pars pendula about half of embolus length, large conductor about half of embolus length, cradle-shaped, dorsal and prolateral to spermophore ( Fig. 8C ).

Female (MCN 19940). Total length 7.60. Carapace length 2.95; width 2.14; height 1.26. Cephalic region length 1.53; thoracic region length 1.4. Ocular area length 1.47; Anterior eyes row 1.66 wide; posterior eyes row 1.78 wide. Distance ALE–PME 0.42; PME–PLE 0.39. Ocular diameter AME 0.51; ALE 0.20; PME 0.06; PLE 0.21. Clypeus height 0.17. Chelicerae, paturon length 1.04; 0.57 wide; fang length 0.52. Endites length 0.77; 0.44 wide. Labium length 0.52, 0.48 wide. Sternum length 1.22, 0.85 wide.Abdomen length 3.12; 1.74 wide; height 1.69. Length femur I: 1.56; II: 1.3; III: 1.56; IV: 2.08. Patella I: 1.04; II: 1.04; III: 0.88; IV: 0.83. Tibia I: 1.04; II: 0.78; III: 1.04; IV: 1.35. Metatarsus I: 0.83; II: 0.88; III: 1.04; IV: 1.56. Tarsus I: 0.46; II: 0.52; III: 0.62; IV: 0.62. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length femur: 0.73; patella: 0.35; tibia: 0.42; tarsus: 0.63. Legs macrosetae: femur I: d1–1–1. p1di; II: d1–1–1, p2di; III: d1–1–1, p0–1–2di, r1di; IV: d1–1–1, p1di, r1di. Patella I–II: 0; III–IV: p1, r1. Tibia I: v1p–2–2, p1di; II: d1–1–1, p2di; III: v0–1–2di, p1–1–1didi, r1–1–1distal; IV: v0–2–2, p1–1–1di, r1–1–1di. Metatarsus I–II: v 0–2–2; III: v0–2– 2, p2dil r2di, d2di; IV: v0–2–2, p1–1–2di, r 0–1–2di. Carapace, chelicerae and endites as in genus. Sternum slightly narrower than base of labium, oval, brown ( Fig. 9B ). Legs lighter brown and yellow. Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites. Abdomen: dorsum lighter brown, with yellow spots medially, and white spots near posterior abdomen ( Fig. 9A , see red arrow), venter and sides as in genus ( Figs 9A–B ). Spinnerets: coloration as abdomen’s dorsum ( Figs 9A–B ). Epigynum: copulatory opening into a fillet, forming a median septum with window ( Fig. 9C ). Copulatory ducts in monoplane spirals, with two turns ( Figs 7A , 9D ). The first turn large and with depression ( Figs 7A , 9D ) in the medial part, and the second turn with one loop, becoming slenderer and shorter, and uniting dorsally and anteriorly in the spermathecae ( Figs 7A , 9D ). Spermathecae ovoid, globose, fertilization ducts inserted on anterior/dorsal surface, close together, extending anteriorly to the sides ( Figs 7A , 9D ).

Material examined. BOLIVIA. Colomi , Cochabamba [17°20’48.6”S 66°08’55.3”W], 21.I.1982, E. Maury leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42168) . URUGUAY, Cerro Largo, Sierra de Ríos, Pedregal [32°10’7.00”S 53°51’25.00”W], 13– 16.IV.2017, Grupo PAIE leg., manual collection, 1♀ (FCE-Ar 9057) . ARGENTINA. Jujuy, Tilcara [23°34’36.8”S 65°23’36.2”W], I.1981, P. Goloboff leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42238) ; Salta, El Alisal [24°51’01.4”S 65°40’59.9”W], 23.I.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♂ 7♀ (MACN-Ar 42173) ; ditto, 26.I.1981, A. Roig leg., 2♂ (MACN-Ar 42228) ; ditto, 26.I.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42246) ; Iruya [22°47’29.1”S 65°12’57.8”W], 26.XI.1981, A. Roig leg., 1♂ 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42169) ; Las Pailas [25°01’51.5”S 66°14’05.0”W], 29.I.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42244) ; Tucumán, Tafí del Valle [26°51’06.0”S 65°42’35.2”W], 11.I.1985, P. Goloboff leg., 3♀ (MACN-Ar 42166) ; Parque Los Menhires [26°56’23.3”S 65°42’37.9”W], 04.II.1990, A.D. Brescovit & A.B. Bonaldo leg., 1♀ ( MCN 19940 ) ; Santiago del Estero, Ojo de agua [27°47’01.3”S 64°15’51.3”W], 02.IV.1995, M.E. Galiano, 1♀ (MACNAr 42159) ; ditto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42171) ; ditto, IV.1985, M.E. Galiano leg., 2♀ (MACN-Ar 42227) ; Catamarca, Singuil [28°28’09.9”S 65°46’45.5”W], 1953, W. Partridge leg., 1♂ 8♀ (MACN-Ar 42165) ; Mutquín [28°18’55.0”S 66°08’58.4”W], 02.II.1981, E. Maury leg., 1♂ (MACN-Ar 42167) . La Pampa [37°52’03.2”S 65°04’24.4”W], 06– 07.XI.1975, E. Maury & Toth leg., 5♀ (MACN-Ar 42162) ; Lihuel Calel [38°00’51.8”S 65°35’04.1”W], 11.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos, L.N. Piacentini & I.L.F. Magalhães leg., collected manually under rocks, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 34721) ; Córdoba, Villa María [32°24’37.9”S 63°14’39.7”W], IV.1985, M.E. Galiano leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42160) ; Cuchilla Nevada [31°24’53.2”S 64°31’48.1”W], 1♂ 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42164) ; Chubut, Puerto Lobos [43°08’43.6”S 65°31’09.4”W], 25.I.1975, E. Maury leg., 1♂ 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42163) ; Bahía Melo, Camarones [44°47’56.4”S 65°42’40.7”W], 22–30.I.1977, E. Maury leg., 1♀ (MACN-Ar 42239) .

Distribution. Bolivia (Colomi), Uruguay (Cerro Largo) and Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, Córdoba, Chubut and La Pampa) ( Figs 50A–B ).

Natural history. Some individuals from Argentina and Uruguay were associated with rocks and collected manually in a fragment of mountains and grasslands (Ivan Magalhães & Damián Hagopián, pers. comm.). However, the occurrence of this species goes from the Chacoan and Brazilian subregions to the South American Transitional Zone, with a few records southward in the Andean subregion ( Figs 50A–B ). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 30–3662 m a. s. l. ( Fig. 50 ).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Schematic digital illustrations of male left palp of species of the tribe Aelurillini.A Aelurillus v-insignitus (Clerck, 1757) (modified from Metzner 1999, fig. 42B, p. 196), ventral view (Aelurillina). B Pochyta spinosa Simon, 1901 (modified from Wesolowska & Sztüts 2021, fig. 124, p. 31), ventral view (Thiratoscirtina). C Aphirape uncifera (MCTP 26426), ventral view (Freyina). D Sumampattus verae Marta, Figueiredo & Rodrigues, 2023 (modified from Marta et al. 2023, fig. 2A, p. 4), ventral view (Freyina). E Hisukattus transversalis Galiano, 1987 (MCTP 39091), ventral view (Freyina). F Tullgrenella morenensis (Tullgren, 1905), ventral view (Freyina). Scale bars: 0.50 mm.

FIGURE 3. Illustrations of the epigynum of species of the tribe Aelurillini. A Aelurillus v-insignitus (Clerck, 1757) (modified from Azarkina 2020, fig. 2, p. 3), dorsal view (Aelurillina). B Pochyta spinosa Simon, 1901 (adapted from Wesolowska & Szűts 2021, fig. 136, p. 32), dorsal view (Thiratoscirtina). C Aphirape uncifera (MCTP 10891), dorsal view (Freyina). D Sumampattus verae Marta, Figueiredo & Rodrigues, 2023 (modified from Marta et al. 2023, fig. 6B, p. 9], dorsal view (Freyina). E Hisukattus transversalis Galiano, 1987 (MCTP 39248), dorsal view (Freyina). F Tullgrenella morenensis (Tullgren, 1905), dorsal view (Freyina).Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 7. Illustrations of female epigynum of Tullgrenella, dorsal view. A–E morenensis group: A T. morenensis (Tullgren, 1905) (MCN 19940), B T. guayapae Galiano, 1970 (MCN 55520), C T. brescoviti Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 (MCN 24104), D T. musica (Mello-Leitão,1945) (MCN 53372), E T. corrugata Galiano, 1981 (MACN-Ar 7206). F–H quadripunctata group: F T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MCTP 2239), G T. nadjae Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 (MCN 56814), H T. lunata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) (MACN-Ar 6214). I–J melanica group: I T. melanica (Mello-Leitão, 1941) (MACN-Ar 6244), J T. yungae Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 39713). K–O serrana group: K T. serrana Galiano, 1970 (MCTP 12173), L T. legalissima Marta & Hagopián, sp. nov. (IBSP 118228), M T. aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. (IBSP 123129), N T. gertschi Galiano, 1981 (MACN-Ar 7206), O T. sciosciae Marta & Bustamante, sp. nov. (MCTP 31135). P–Q peniaflorensis group: P T. peniaflorensis Galiano, 1970 (MACN-Ar 6242), Q T. selenita Galiano, 1970 (FNAC 36). Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 8. Male of T. morenensis (Tullgren, 1905) (MACN-Ar 42165). A habitus, dorsal view, red arrow: spotted coloration pattern. B same, ventral view. C left palp, ventral view, red arrow: tegulum central depression, purple arrow: tegular membranous process. D same, retrolateral view, red arrow: hook between RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis, red dashed line:prolaterodorsal tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A–B 2 mm, C–D 0.50 mm.

FIGURE 9. Female of T. morenensis (Tullgren, 1905) (MCN 19940). A habitus, dorsal view, red arrow: spotted coloration pattern. B same, ventral view. C epigynum, ventral view, red arrow: subseptum. D same, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B 2 mm, C–D 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 50. Neotropical and Andean regionalization (Morrone 2014) and distributional records for species of the morenensis group. A Neotropical, South America, Brazilian subregion Chacoan subregion, South America Transition Zone and Andean region. B Southern South America, focusing on species occurrence. C habitat inference, Argentina: La Pampa, Lihuel Calel, photographed by collector Ivan Magalhães.