Tephritis valida ( Loew 1858 )

Korneyev, Severyn V. & Korneyev, Valery A., 2019, Revision of the Old World species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) with a pair of isolated apical spots, Zootaxa 4584 (1), pp. 1-73 : 62-63

Tephritis valida ( Loew 1858)

( Figs 2a ; 36 a–i)

Trypeta valida Loew 1858: 13 ;

Tephritis valida Schiner 1858: 675 ; 1864: 162; Loew 1862: 112; Becker 1905: 141; Hendel 1927: 196; Séguy 1934: 165; Hering 1944; Mihályi 1960: 64; Richter 1970: 164; Foote 1984: 134; Norrbom et al. 1999: 220.

Tephritis procera Loew 1869: 21 ; Norrbom et al. 1999: 220;

Tephritis subvalida Portschinsky 1875: 36 ; Norrbom et al. 1999: 220.

Type material: Lectotype ♀ Trypeta valida : Romania: Mehadia (Coll. H. Loew) ( MNKB) (examined). Lectotype marked by Merz in 1991 (examined) designated here ( Fig. 36a ).

Holotype ♀ Tephritis procera : “ Russland ” ( MNKB) (holotype marked by B. Merz in 1991) ( Figs 36 f–i) (abdomen and genitalia dissected and stored in a microvial together with specimen).

Holotype ♀ Tephritis subvalida Portschinsky, 1875 : Russia: “ Caucasus ” [Daghestan?] (not examined, not located, not found in ZISP).

Non-type material: Armenia: Kotaik prope Eilar [40.29°N, 44.67°E], 7.07.1926, 9♂, 5♀ (A. Schelkovnikov) ( ZISP), idem, 21, 23, 27.07.1926, 4♂, 3♀ (A. Schelkovnikov) ( SIZK) ; Byurakan [40.34°N, 44.26°E], 9.07.1948, 1♀ (Richter & Ter-Minassian) ( ZISP) ; Azerbaijan: Salyan near Baku [39.57°N, 49.00°E], 5.04.1923, 1♀ (Blagotvorov) ( ZISP) ; “ Margushevan near Terter ” [40,3253°N, 46,8478°E], 14.06.1935, 1♀ (Veltishchev) ( ZISP) ; Georgia: Abkhasia, Sokhumi near Tsebelda [43.02°N, 41.27°E], 0 8.1931, 4♂, 1♀ (Voronov) ( ZISP) ; Iran: Semnan: Shakhrud [36.41°N, 54.93°E], 2.05.1914, 1♂ (Kirichenko) ( ZISP) ; Moldova: “ 6 km NW of Kotovsk ” [= Hînceşti, 46.87°N, 28.485°E], on Inula helenium L., 9.07.1988, 1♂, 1♀ (Korneyev) ( ZISP) ; Russia: Karachay- Cherkessia: Teberda , 29.07.2013, 1♀ (S. Korneyev) ( SIZK) ; Ukraine: [Ternopil Region :] “ Podolien” 15.07.1869, 2♂, 2♀ [A. Wierzejski] (Coll. H. Loew) ( MNKB) .

Diagnosis. Yellowish grey to brown species with brown Y-shaped wing pattern, superficially similar to T. bardanae in the posteriorly narrowed anteromedial triangle of partly confluent spots and cells dm, cua and m widely hyaline or pale reticulate, easily differing from all other Tephritis species by the following combination of characters: wing with brown pattern unbroken on r-m crossvein and 2 spots at apices of R 4+5 and M separated from remaining pattern, moderately large size (WL> 5.5 mm) and long aculeus (AL> 2.5 mm). The other species with similar wing pattern either are conspicuously smaller (WL<5.0 mm; AL<2.0 mm in T. bardanae and T. zernyi ), or have pale yellow wing pattern ( T. kogardtauica ). Also wing pattern of T. valida differs from T. bardanae by entirely dark pterostigma and cell c without dark spot medially.

Description. Head, t horax and legs: as described for T. bardanae .

Wing ( Fig. 2a ): Cell bc hyaline. Cell c hyaline. Pterostigma entirely brown. Cell r 1 posterior to pterostigma brown, 2 trapeziform hyaline spots separated by narrow dark interval; apex of r 1 entirely brown. Cell r 2+3 hyaline at base, with dark area posterior to pterostigma; 3 (or rarely 2, in T. procera type and 1 specimen from Moldova) hyaline spots posterior spots in r 1 are partly merged, spot in the middle 3–4 × as wide as spots aside. Preapical brown area (posterior to cell r 1 apex) with some (2–6) tiny hyaline spots, top of R 2+3 with hyaline spot. Apex hyaline with small triangular dark spot on vein R 4+5. Cell br hyaline in basal half and dark in apical half, usually with round hyaline spots; and tiny dots. Crossvein r-m usually dark (or surrounded with 1–4 tiny hyaline dots). Cell r 4+5 at the level of dm-cu with 2 hyaline spots, which usually merge in one 8-shaped spot as wide as cell; middle third of cell r 4+5 brown; with 1 round spot and 2–8 tiny round hyaline dots, subapical hyaline spot in cell r 4+5 almost rectangular, apex with small triangular dark spot on vein M. Cell dm with hyaline basal half, rest part of cell is dark, with hyaline spots in anterior part. Cell m with 4–6 large partly fused hyaline spots of different size; 2 large basal spots usually fused; apical hyaline spot of cell m usually widely fused with spots anterior to it in r 4+5 and r 2+3 to form entire subapical hyaline band separating apical spots from remaining dark pattern. Cell cu with pale dark bars, apex of cell dark with hyaline spot, rest of cell almost hyaline. Anal cell with pale spot on vein A. Anal lobe entirely hyaline.

Abdomen: Abdominal tergites black; densely ochre-grey microtrichose, white setulose and setose; male tergite 5 and female tergites 5 and 6 with black marginal setae. Sternites grey, setulose, moderately wide, male sternite 5 posteriorly incised.

Terminalia: Male. Not examined. Female. Oviscape longer than abdominal tergites 3–6 combined, red to dark brown, widely white setulose ventrally and on anterolateral corners dorsally, black setulose and setose dorsomedially and posteriorly. Eversible membrane with taeniae 0.25 × as long as membrane itself; membrane with moderately large dentate scales ( Fig. 36d ). Aculeus 7.5 × as long as wide, with evenly tapered, apically narrowly truncated apex without apical incision ( Figs 36 b–c). 2 short, papillose spermathecae 3.5 × as long as wide ( Fig. 36e ).

Measurements. Female. BL=6.9–8.2; WL=4.9–6.8; AL=2.3–2.7; AL/C2=1.41–1.80 (n=6). Male. BL=5.4– 5.7; WL=5.4–5.6 (n=5).

Host plants. Larvae develop in flower heads of Inula helenium L.

Distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran (first records), Moldova, Romania, Russia ( Merz & Korneyev, 2004), Turkey ( Koçak & Kemal, 2009), Ukraine.

Figures

FIGURES 2a–h. Tephritis, spp. wings: a—T. valida; b—T. kogardtauica; c—T. dilacerata dilacerata; d—T. dilacerata kaszabi; e—T. kovalevi kovalevi; f—T. kovalevi kumana; g—T. formosa; h—T. youngiana. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 36a–d. Tephritis valida: a—habitus (lectotype) ♀; b—aculeus tip, ventral view; c—aculeus, ventral view; deversible membrane, ventral view; e—spermathecae; f–i—Tephritis procera, holotype (synonym of T. valida): f—habitus, ♀; g—aculeus tip, ventral view; h—aculeus, ventral view; i—eversible membrane, ventral view—scale bar = 1 mm.