Cloeodes atlanticus Salles, Massariol & Angeli

Salles, F. F., Massariol, F. C., Angeli, K. B., Lima, M. M., Gattolliat, L. & Sartori, M., 2015, Revealing the diversity of Cloeodes Traver, 1938 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in the Neotropics: description of eleven new species from Brazilian mountain ranges, Zootaxa 4020 (1), pp. 1-50 : 16-19

Cloeodes atlanticus Salles, Massariol & Angeli , sp. nov.

Figures 1 c, 11, 12, 30.

Diagnosis. NYMPH. A) Large body size (> 7.0 mm); B) Body color pattern with distinct darker marks on abdominal terga ( Fig. 1 c); C) Labrum, medially, with 2 to 3 long setae ( Fig. 11 a); D) Maxillary palp as long as length of galea-lacinia ( Fig. 11 d); E) Inner margin of labial palp segment III subequal to outer margin ( Fig. 11 e); F) Distal projection of fore femur long (distinctly exceeding apex of femur, Figs. 12 a, 12b); G) Gills without medial rib ( Fig. 12 e); H) Terga with spines present on posterior margin of segments II–X, larger spines on posterior margin 5 × longer than wide ( Fig. 12 d).

Nymph. Lengths. Body: 8.2 mm; cerci: 3.5 mm; terminal filament: 3.5 mm.

Coloration ( Fig. 1 c). General coloration yellowish-white profusely washed with dark brown. Head yellowishwhite almost completely washed with brown. Legs yellowish-white almost completely washed with brown. Terga. Segments IV and VIII less pigmented; segment IX with a medial less pigmented area; segments II, III and VII sometimes less pigmented, but never as in segments IV and VIII; segments I–IX medially with a longitudinal unpigmented stripe. Sterna yellowish-white; segments VI–IX washed with brown. Filaments brown, apex broken.

Head. Labrum ( Fig. 11 a). Length about 0.6 × maximum width; dorsal arc with 2 to 3 long medial setae; ventrally with 10 spine-like setae near lateral margin.

Mandibles ( Figs. 11 b, 11c). Denticles of left mola constricted at base (as in fig. 6f).

Maxilla ( Fig. 11 d). Medially with 1 spine-like seta + 9 apically pointed setae. Maxillary palp reaching apex of galea-lacinia; palp segment II 1.6 × length of segment I.

Labium ( Fig. 11 e). Base of glossa expanded (reaching at least half of paraglossa); inner and outer margin respectively with around 20 and 12 setae increasing in length apically; ventral surface scattered with few short setae at base. Paraglossa dorsally with arc of 5 setae close to inner margin; ventrally with arc of 8–10 setae close to inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.9 × length of segments II and III combined; segment II dorsally with oblique row of 6–7 setae; segment III with distal margin slightly truncate; inner margin subequal to outer margin; ventrally covered with around 30 long setae; setae on inner margin serrate.

Thorax. Hind wing pad. Present.

Fore leg ( Fig. 12 a); Ratio 1.6:1(0.8mm):1:0.2. Femur. Length about 4 × maximum width; outer margin with row of 11–12 blunt, clavate setae (length of setae about 0.1 × maximum width of femur); submarginal setae absent; anterior surface and inner margin with around 35 simple spine-like setae; posterior surface with around 25 minute scattered setae near inner margin; distal projection exceeding apex of femur ( Fig. 12 b), 0.2 × width of femur, apically with 2 clavate setae. Tibia. Outer margin with many simple setae; inner margin with two serrate setae on apex; subtending bristle clavate, extending apex of tibia ( Fig. 12 c). Tarsus. Inner margin with row of 14+1 spinelike setae. Tarsal claw. 0.2 × length of tarsus.

Mid and hind legs. Similar to fore leg, except for the lower number of setae on anterior surface of femur, subapical projections of femur less developed and type of setae on inner apex of tibia (simple instead of serrate).

Abdomen. Terga ( Fig. 12 d). With spines present on posterior margin of segments II–X; larger spines on posterior margin 5 × longer than wide.

Sterna . With spines present on posterior margin of segments: IV–IX.

Gills ( Fig. 12 e). Outer margin serrated on distal 1/4; inner margin slightly serrated; medial rib absent; tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill I about 3/4 length of segment II, oval. Gill IV reaching apex of segment VI, asymmetric, broad at middle. Gill VII reaching 1/2 of segment IX.

Paraproct ( Fig. 12 f). With 12–14 spines.

Cercus . With large spines on every four segments at base and on every two segments toward apex.

Terminal filament. With spines on every four segments.

Male and female imago. Unknown.

Etymology. Reference to Atlantic Forest, one of the World's hotspot and the biome where several of the new species described herein were found.

Distribution ( Fig. 30 ). Southern Brazil, Paraná State, Serra Geral.

Type-material. HOLOTYPE. Nymph (on two slides, one with mouth parts, legs and gills, one with abdomen), BRAZIL, Paraná, Mangueirinha, Afluente do Rio Marreco, S 26°00'04.3" W 52°08'15.4", 817 m. a.s.l., 14/ix/2011, Pes A, Cruz P, Boldrini R and Hamada N, col. (CZNC). PARATYPES: 5 nymphs (two on slides), same data as holotype (2 CZNC, 3 INPA).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus, nymphs, dorsal view. a. Cloeodes aiuruoca. b. Cloeodes amantykyra. c. Cloeodes atlanticus. d. Cloeodes boldrinii.

FIGURE 11. Cloeodes atlanticus, nymph. a. Labrum (d. v.). b. Right mandible (d. v.). c. Left mandible (d. v.). d. Maxilla (v. v.). e. Labium (left d. v., right v. v.). f. Labium (v. v.).

FIGURE 12. Cloeodes atlanticus, nymph. a. Fore leg, anterior surface. b. Fore femur, apex projection. c. Apex of fore tibia. d. Posterior margin of segment IV. e. Gill IV. f. Paraproct (v. v.).

FIGURE 30. Political map of South America (showing Brazilian states) with details of the distribution of the new species of Cloeodes according to the altitude (white, from 0 to 400 m. a. s. l.; light gray from 400 to 800 m. a. s. l.; dark gray from 800 to 1200 m. a. s. l.; and black, above 1200 m. a. s. l.).