Cloeodes guara Salles, Massariol & Angeli

Salles, F. F., Massariol, F. C., Angeli, K. B., Lima, M. M., Gattolliat, L. & Sartori, M., 2015, Revealing the diversity of Cloeodes Traver, 1938 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in the Neotropics: description of eleven new species from Brazilian mountain ranges, Zootaxa 4020 (1), pp. 1-50 : 22-24

Cloeodes guara Salles, Massariol & Angeli , sp. nov.

Figures 2 a, 15, 16, 30, 31a.

Diagnoses. NYMPH. A) Small body size (<5.0 mm); B) Body color pattern with distinct striped pattern ( Fig. 2 a) C) Labrum, medially, with two long setae ( Fig. 15 a); D) Maxillary palp short (around ¾ length of galea-lacinia, Fig. 15 d); E) Inner margin of labial palp segment III distinctly shorter than outer margin ( Fig. 15 e); F) Distal projection of fore femur short (not exceeding apex of femur, Figs. 16 a, 16b); G) Gills without medial rib, strongly pigmented ( Fig. 16 e); H) Gill VII extending well beyond distal margin of tergum X ( Fig. 2 a).

Nymph. Lengths. Body: 4.7–4.8 mm; cerci: 2.4 mm; terminal filament: 2.4 mm; antenna: 1.3–1.5 mm.

Coloration ( Fig. 2 a). General coloration blackish with yellow bands. Head yellowish, darker on gena. Thorax. Pronotum to distal half of wing pad yellow. Legs yellowish-white. Femur washed with black. Hind femur less pigmented. Terga. Segments I to half of IV yellow. Sterna as in terga. Filaments yellowish-white washed with black at base and apex.

Head. Labrum ( Fig. 15 a). Length about 0.9 × maximum width; dorsal arc with 2 medial setae; ventrally with 10 spine-like setae near lateral margin.

Mandibles ( Figs. 15 b, 15c). Denticles of left mola constricted at base (as in Fig. 6 f).

Maxilla ( Fig. 15 d). Medially with 1 spine-like seta + 8 apically pointed setae. Maxillary short (around ¾ length of galea-lacinia); palp segment II 1.3 × length of segment I.

Labium ( Fig. 15 e). Base of glossa expanded (reaching at least half of paraglossa); inner and outer margin respectively with around 20 and 15 spine-like setae increasing in length apically; ventral surface scattered with apically pointed, fine, simple setae at base. Paraglossa dorsally with arc of 3 setae close to inner margin; ventrally with arc of 8 setae close to inner margin; segment II dorsally with oblique row of 4 setae; segment III with distal margin slightly truncate; inner margin distinctly shorter than outer margin; ventrally covered with around 20 long setae ( Fig. 15 e); setae on inner margin simple.

Thorax. Hind wing pad. Present.

Fore leg ( Fig. 16 a). Ratio 2:1(0.7mm):1:0.3. Femur. Length about 6 × maximum width; outer margin with row of 8 clavate setae (length of setae about 0.1 × maximum width of femur); submarginal setae present; anterior surface and inner margin with around 30 spine-like setae; posterior surface bare; apex slightly projected ( Fig. 16 b), apically with 2 clavate setae. Tibia. Outer margin with few simple setae; inner margin with two simple setae on apex; subtending bristle blunt, extending apex of tibia ( Fig. 16 c). Tarsus. Inner margin with row of 30+1 spine-like setae. Tarsal claw. 0.3 × length of tarsus.

Mid and hind legs. Similar to fore leg, except for the lower number of setae on anterior surface of femur and type of setae on inner apex of tibia (simple instead of serrate).

Abdomen. Terga ( Fig. 16 d). With spines present on posterior margin of segments I–X; larger spines on posterior margin 3.3 × longer than wide.

Sterna . With spines present on posterior margin of segments II–IX.

Gills ( Fig. 16 e). Outer margin smooth; inner margin smooth; medial rib absent; tracheae pigmented, extending from main trunk to outer margin. Gill I reaching apex of segment III, asymmetrically lanceolate. Gill IV as long as length of segments V to VIII combined, asymmetric, broad at base. Gill VII extending apex of segment X.

Paraproct ( Fig. 16 f). With 21–25 spines.

Cercus . Without large spines.

Terminal filament. Without large spines.

Male and female imago. Unknown.

Etymology. A reference to the Lobo-Guará or Maned Wolf [ Chrysocyon brachiurus (Illiger, 1815) ], the largest canid in South America and one of the symbols of the Santuário do Caraça, where the new species was found. Distribution ( Fig. 30 ). Southeastern Brazil, Minas Gerais State, Serra do Caraça (part of Serra do Espinhaço), Santuário do Caraça.

Type-material. HOLOTYPE. Nymph (on a single slide), BRAZIL, Minas Gerais, Serra do Caraça, Rio Cascatinha, S 20° 5'56.71" W 43°28'8.17", 1495 m.a.s.l., 17/ix/2012, Salles FF, col. (CZNC). PARATYPES. 33 nymphs (one on slides), same data as holotype (18 CZNC, 5 MZL, 5 IBN, 5 INPA).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Habitus, nymphs, dorsal view. a. Cloeodes guara. b. Cloeodes ioachimi. c. Cloeodes lucifer. d. Cloeodes magnus.

FIGURE 6. Cloeodes aiuruoca, nymph. a. Labrum (left d. v., right v. v.). b. Details of submarginal row of ventral setae. c. Hypopharynx (d. v.). d. Right mandible (d. v.). e. Left mandible (d. v.). f. Detail of outer margin of left mandible. g. Maxilla (v. v.). h. Labium (left d. v., right v. v.). i. Detail of segment III of labial palp (v. v.). j. Detail of glossa and paraglossa (left d. v., right v. v.), dia—dorsal inner arc of setae, or—outer row of setae, ir—inner row of setae, via—ventral inner arc of setae.

FIGURE 15. Cloeodes guara, nymph. a. Labrum (d. v.). b. Right mandible (d. v.). c. Left mandible (d. v.). d. Maxilla (v. v.). e. Labium (v. v.)

FIGURE 16. Cloeodes guara, nymph. a. Fore leg, anterior surface. b. Fore femur, apex projection. c. Apex of fore tibia. d. Posterior margin of segment IV. e. Gill IV. f. Paraproct (v. v.).

FIGURE 30. Political map of South America (showing Brazilian states) with details of the distribution of the new species of Cloeodes according to the altitude (white, from 0 to 400 m. a. s. l.; light gray from 400 to 800 m. a. s. l.; dark gray from 800 to 1200 m. a. s. l.; and black, above 1200 m. a. s. l.).