Murina harrisoni, Csorba & Bates, 2005

Csorba, Gábor & Bates, Paul J. J., 2005, Description of a new species of Murina from Cambodia (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Murininae), Acta Chiropterologica 7 (1), pp. 1-7 : 2-6

Murina harrisoni sp. nov.

Holotype

HZM 1.36316 (field number JLW 04.07), adult ♀, body in alcohol, skull ex- tracted. Collected by J. L. Walston on 5 February, 2000.

Type locality OTuk Chehn, KiriromNationalPark,Kompong Speu Province, Cambodia, 11°29.611’N, 104°12.746’E. Diagnosis

This isamediumsizedtube-nosedbat (FA35.9 mm), withalargeskull(totallengthofskull18.39mm; Table1) andwiththeplagiopatagiumattached tothe baseof thefirsttoe(Fig. 1). Theanteriorpartoftherostrumisbulbous toaccommodatethelargecanines( Fig. 2A) . Thefirstupperin- cisor(I 2) isratherslender, bifidand withits secondary cuspveryshort; theprincipalcuspoftherobustsecondincisor(I 3) isrel- ativelyshort, onlyslightlyexceeding halftheheightof I 2.

Description

Ear lengthis 14 mmandtheearconchis without an emargination on the posterior border. Thetragusistypicalof thegenus, slightly bent backwardsand7.4 mmin length.Thedorsalfur(describedfromthewetspecimen) isauniform reddish-brown; theindividualhairsare withouta wellde- finedbanding, althoughtheterminalpartis aslightlydarker reddish-brown. On theventralaspect(includingthethroat), the hairsarewhitethroughouttheirlength. Thetailmembraneis evenlyfurredaboveandthelastvertebraisfreefromtheuro- patagium. Theplagiopatagiumisattachedtothebase ofthefirsttoe.

Theskullisheavilybuiltwiththeros- trumdeepandmassive, anteriorlyratherbulbous to accommodatethelarge canines( Fig. 2A) . Thesagittalandlambdoidcrestsaredistinct. Thenarialemarginationisnar- row, withthe lengthconsiderablyexceedingthewidth; the lengthofthepalatal emar- ginationalsoslightlyexceedsthe width. Thereisnobasioccipitalfissure. Thefirstupperincisor (I2) isratherslender, its sec- ondarycuspbeing onlyacingularcusp; the principal cusp of the second incisor (I 3) is relatively short, only slightly exceeding half the height of I 2. I 3 is situated alongside, rather than posterior to, I 2. I 3 is less than half the height of upper canine (C 1), which greatly exceeds the height of the second up- per premolar (P 4). In lateral view, the first upper premolar (P 2) is only slightly shorter than the second (P 4) and the crown area is subequal ( Fig. 3A ). The mesostyle of the first (M 1) and second (M 2) upper molars are not reduced and the metacones are distinct- ly higher than the paracones. The angular process of the mandible is elongated, with a tall coronoid process ( Fig. 3B ). The lower canine (C 1) greatly exceeds the first (P 2) and second (P 4) lower premolars in height when viewed laterally; P 2 and P 4 are sube- qual in height; P 2 is about half the crown area of P 4. The hypoconid and entoconid of the first (M 1) and second (M 2) lower mo- lars are well separated from the anterior cusps and clearly form a posterior trigonid. Craniodental measurements (in mm) are as follows: STOTL 18.39; CBL 16.73; CCW 5.2; M 3 M 3 W 6.37; ZYW 11.33; MAW 9.61; IOW 4.51; CM 3 L 6.49; CP 4 L 3.37; ML 13.03; CM 3 L 7.15; CP 4 L 3.19; CPH 5.21.

Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2

2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH

5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13

3.87 – 4.54 1

4.29 17

3.86– 4.51

Etymology

Named in honour of Dr. David Lakin Harrison, who, as Chairman of Trustees, has supported, encouraged and actively par- ticipated in the extensive researches of the Harrison Institute into the bats of Southern and South-East Asia.

COMPARISONS

The insertion point of the plagiopa- tagium (which is attached to the base of the first toe in M. harrisoni ) differentiates this taxon from all other Murina species (the attachment point of which is the base of the first claw) except for M. hilgendorfi (including intermedia, ognevi and sibirica), which has a similar point of insertion.

However, unlike M. hilgendorfi and all other Murina taxa, the second upper incisor (I 3) of M. harrisoni is much shorter than the first (I 2), with the principal cusp of I 3 only slightly exceeding half the height of I 2. In addition, the rostral profile of M. harrisoni differs markedly from that of M. hilgendorfi . In M. harrisoni , the rostrum is deep and massive and anteriorly bulbous to accommodate the large canines; in consequence, the rostral profile is concave ( Fig. 2A ). In M. hilgendorfi , the rostrum is not enlarged and the rostral profile is straighter (Fig. 2B). M. harrisoni is further distinguished from M. hilgendorfi by the first upper premolar (P 2) which is subequal in height with the second (P 4) in M. harrisoni whilst in M. hilgendorfi it is about two-thirds the height and with a relatively smaller crown area ( Fig. 3C ). The pelage of M. harrisoni is reddish-brown rather than grey and the fore- arm is considerably shorter (FA = 35.9 mm) as compared to> 40 mm in M. hilgendorfi . The cranial dimensions of M. harrisoni are superficially similar to those of M. le- ucogaster rubex. However, in addition to the difference in the insertion point of the plagiopatagium and the relative size of the upper incisor (as outlined above), the canine of M. harrisoni exceeds that of rubex in length, the narial and palatal emarginations are narrower, the rostral profile is more con- cave, the rostrum distinctly more bulbous and the crown area of P 2 is larger relative to that of P 4. In M. harrisoni , P 2 and P 4 are subequal in size; in M. l. rubex, the crown area of P 2 is less than half that of P 4. Within the ‘ cyclotis -group’, M. harri- soni has a similar development of the meso- style of the first (M 1) and second (M 2) up- per molars and the posterior trigonid of the first (M 1) and second (M 2) lower molars to those of M. rozendaali , M. huttoni and M. puta . However, in addition to the diagnostic characters of M. harrisoni listed above, these latter taxa are also smaller in all cra- nial and dental measurements ( Table 1).

Habitat

The single specimen was collected at 22:50 hours in a mist net which was set

across a river in disturbed semi-evergreen gallery forest with many immature trees. The area had been selectively logged in the past. The river was about 5 m wide with medium-fast flowing water (J. L. Walston, pers. comm.). Distribution

Currently this species is only known from a single specimen collected in Kiri- rom National Park, Cambodia (11°30’N, 104°13’E). However, future studies may show it to be more widespread in the forests of South-East Asia. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Figures

FIG. 2. Lateral view of the skulls of: A — M. harrisoni sp. nov. (holotype, HZM.1.36316) from Cambodia and B — M. hilgendorfi (HNHM 2003.37.47) from South Korea. Scale = 5 mm

FIG. 3. Occlusal views of left upper dentition (above) and lateral views of right mandible (below) of: A and B — M. harrisoni sp. nov. (holotype, HZM.1.36316) from Cambodia and C and D — M. hilgendorfi (HNHM 2003.37.47) from South Korea. Scales = 5 mm

Tables

TABLE 1. Selected external and craniodental measurements of some Murina species(in mm). Abbreviations: FA: forearm length; STOTL: total length of skull; CM 3 L: maxillary toothrow length; CP4 L: upper canine-premolarlength; ML: length ofmandible; CM L: mandibular toothrow length — from the front of the lower 3 canine to the back of the crown of the thirdlower molar; CPH: height of thecoronoid process

Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51
Measurements M. harrisoni n. sp. (holotype) M. hilgendorfi M. huttoni M. leucogaster M. puta M. rozendaali x n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max n min–max FA 35.90? 40– 45? 33– 37? 40 – 44? 30– 37? 32–34 STOTL 18.39618.39– 19.64 1316.39– 18.15 118.802016.63–18.09 2 15.51–15.80 CM 3 L6.4996.16– 6.59 165.73– 6.08 16.08205.79–6.26 2 5.21–5.34 CP4 L3.3793.04– 3.37 162.65– 2.99 12.93202.69–3.01 2 2.44 –2.54 ML13.03912.88– 13.87 1411.17– 12.54 112.821711.43– 12.45 CM 3 L7.1596.75– 7.28 146.26– 6.70 16.60176.34– 6.78 CPH 5.21 9 4.61– 5.21 13 3.87 – 4.54 1 4.29 17 3.86– 4.51