Sultana (Sultana) sultana (Dillwyn, 1817)

Breure, Abraham S. H. & Avila, Valentin Mogollon, 2016, Synopsis of Central Andean Orthalicoid land snails (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora), excluding Bulimulidae, ZooKeys 588, pp. 1-199 : 75

Taxon classification Animalia Stylommatophora Orthalicidae

Sultana (Sultana) sultana (Dillwyn, 1817) Figs 76C, 81

Helix sultana Dillwyn 1817: 920.

Orthalicus trullisatus Shuttleworth 1856: 58, pl. 5 fig. 1; Neubert and Gosteli 2003: 54, pl. 6 fig. 4.

Orthalicus sultana angustior Preston 1914: 524.

Sultana sultana ; Richardson 1993: 125 (references, synonymy); Ramírez et al. 2003: 283; Simone 2006: 158, fig. 541; Massamin et al. 2009: 410, pl. 5A; Linares and Vera 2012: 160.

Sultana sultana angustior ; Ramírez et al. 2003: 283.

Type locality.

"New Zealand" [sic].

Type material.

Not located.

Additional material.

NMBE 18962 (2), syntypes of Orthalicus trullisatus Shuttleworth.

Dimensions.

Shell height 87.4, diameter 54.5 mm.

Distribution.

Panama (ANSP). Colombia ( Linares and Vera 2012). Ecuador, Prov. Los Rios, Palenque Science Center (UF 181509); Prov. Morona-Santiago, 59 km SSE Patuca (UF 139123); Prov. Napo, Nachiyacu (ANSP 170700); Prov. Orellana, Loreto (ANSP 195216); ibid., Tiputini (RBINS); Prov. Tungurahua, Topo (ANSP 306772). Peru, Dept. Amazonas, San Antonio (UF 24931); ibid., Caterpiza (UF 28050); ibid., Galilea (UF 28048); ibid., Huampami (UF 24932); Dept. Huánuco, near Tingo María (UF 21275); Dept. Loreto, Orellana (USNM 601366); Dept. Madre de Dios, ca. 30 km SSW Puerto Maldonado (UF 26618); Dept. San Martín, Tarapoto (see remarks). Bolivia, Dept. Beni, Rurrenabaque (USNM 361144); Dept. La Paz, Chiñiri (ANSP 165196); Dept. Santa Cruz, Todos Santos (ANSP 170682). Brazil ( Simone 2006). French Guiana ( Massemin et al. 2009). Suriname ( Altena 1975).

Ecoregion.

Bolivian Yungas [NT0105], Eastern Cordillera real montane forests [NT0121], Iquitos varzea [NT0128], Napo moist forests [NT0142], Northwestern Andean montane forests [NT0145], Peruvian Yungas [NT0153], Southwest Amazon moist forests [NT0166].

Remarks.

This easily recognizable species has been reported from widely disjunct areas on the entire continent, but always from low altitude moist forests. Shuttleworth described his taxon from "ab oriente Andium prope Tarapoto", thus Peru. The dimensions given above are after Neubert and Gosteli 2003: 54. Richardson (1993: 127) arranged Shuttleworth’s taxon under Sultana meobambensis Pfeiffer, 1855. Preston’s taxon, which was described from "Eastern Peru", is also arranged under this wide-spread species. Further morphological and molecular studies on its variation may clarify the systematic position of this taxon.