Epyris penatii Stein et Azevedo

Stein, Paulo R. W., Alencar, Isabel D. C. C., Barbosa, Diego N. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2011, Revision of Epyris afer (Magretti, 1884), comb. rev. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) with new synonymy and description of two new species, Zootaxa 3032, pp. 17-32 : 25-31

Epyris penatii Stein et Azevedo , sp. nov.

( Figs 5–6 , 16–18 , 25–26 , 30 , 34–36 )

Epyris afer Magretti 1897 , 17: 319, part. (addition of Myanmar specimens to the syntype series of Epyris afer ).

Material examined. HOLOTYPE: 3. [ SUDAN], Kassala, [15.4558, 36.3989], 15.II.1883, P. Magretti. col. ( MCSN).

Type condition. The metasoma of holotype is separated of the body and was glued to triangle.

Distribution. Sudan.

Diagnosis. MALE. Mandible without pre-apical lower tooth, sensillae chaetica in lower margin of mandible absent. Antennal scrobe not projected forward. Eye weakly pilose. Ocelli large. Vertex convex in dorsal view. Parapsidal furrow shallower than notaulus. Lateral of propodeum areolate. Paramere arched slightly ventrad, large and 2.0 × longer than basiparamere. Aedeagus inner margin almost straight and inner lobe membranous and setose. Apodeme base rounded, not dilated. FEMALE unknown.

Description. Male. Body length 5.4 mm. LFW 3.1 mm.

Color. Head, mesosoma and coxae dark castaneous nearly black. Trochanters, fore and metafemora dark castaneous. Metasoma dark castaneous with apex castaneous. Scape, pedicel, flagellum, mandible, tegula, protibia, tarsi castaneous. Palpi and wing venation light castaneous. Wings subhyaline.

Head ( Figs 5, 6 ). Mandible ( Figs. 16–18 ) apex wider than base, with five sharpened apical teeth, two lower wider than others, pre-apical lower tooth absent; sensillae chaetica in lower margin of mandible absent. Clypeus longer than wide, median lobe angulate; median carina present; apex of clypeus without setae; lateral lobe reduced. Transversal section of scape cylindrical; first four antennal segments ratio 16:6:10:11, segment III 1.7 × longer than thick; antennal sensillae not visible. Antennal scrobe not projected, dorsally carinate. Toruli distant from each other 2.2 × their diameter. Eye almost reaching upper mandibular condyle, prominent, weakly pilose. Frons coriaceous; punctures large and deep, separated from each other by 1.0 × their diameter. WH 1.1 × LH; WF 1.3 × HE; WF 0.6 × WH; OOL 0.8 × WOT; VOL 0.5 × HE; distance of posterior ocellus to vertex crest 0.5 × DAO. Ocelli large, frontal angle of ocellar triangle right. Temple posteriorly convergent in dorsal view. Vertex slightly convex in dorsal view. Crest without setae. Occipital carina present dorsally and ventrally. Gena flattened ( Fig. 6 ). Hypostomal carina triangular and polished.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 25 ). Pronotal collar polished, with shallow transversal groove. Pronotal disc 0.6 × longer than wide, coriaceous, trapezoidal, sparsely punctate, transversal carina in anterior margin absent. Mesoscutum coriaceous, lateral slightly elevate posteriorly. Notaulus touching posterior margin of mesoscutum, parallel, gradual anteroposterior enlargement. Parapsidal furrow parallel, shorter and shallower than notaulus, not reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum. Scutellum coriaceous, scutellar groove absent, scutellar pit circular. Propodeal disc 0.6 × as long as wide; anterior carina medially narrower than laterally; anterior corner groove-shaped; five discal carinae present, median carina complete, inner discal carina incomplete, space between median and inner discal carina without sculpture, second pair of discal carina complete, space between inner and second pair of discal carina without ridge; lateral margin sinuous; sublateral carina present, lateral carina present, space between sublateral and lateral carina with series of transversal ridges; posterior margin somewhat concave; posterior corner with suboval fovea; lateral of propodeum areolate; declivity of propodeum areolate, with median carina. Mesopleuron ( Fig. 26 ) coriaceous; subtegular groove elongate, large anteriorly and narrow posteriorly; anterior fovea closed and large; sub-anterior fovea closed and small; mesopleural fovea open; mesopleural pit present; mesopleural elevation present; lower fovea open, groove of inferior margin of lower fovea present only in anterior portion of margin; episternal furrow with inner margin striate. Epicnemium lateromedially enlarged. Pleurosternum with lozenge-shaped longitudinal groove.

Legs. Profemur 2.3 × longer than wide. Protarsomeres distally spinose, spines long and flattened. Tarsal claws bidentate, inner tooth shorter than apical tooth.

Wing. Forewing with metacarpus present, 0.4 × as long as stigma length; radial vein curved forward, 2.4 × longer than basal; basal vein slightly concave; transverse median vein convex. Hind wing with three basal and five apical hamuli.

Metasoma. Ventral surface of petiole ( Fig. 30 ) unsegmented, space between carinae of petiole narrow. Tergum II as long as others; terga III–VI with sparse setae on dorsal surface.

Genitalia ( Figs 34–36 ). Paramere positioned dorsally, arched slightly ventrad, large, elongate, 2.15 × longer than basiparamere, apical margin convex, slightly larger medially in lateral view; cuspis elongate, its apex surpassing apical half of paramere length, divided into two arms only at apex, arms almost equally sized; digitus with apical margin denticulate, its apex not reaching cuspis apex; aedeagus bottle-shaped, short, its apex not reaching cuspis length, apex with concavity inside, inner margin almost straight; inner lobe membranous and setose; apodeme not extending beyond genital ring, base rounded and not dilated.

Etymology. The specific epithet is given in honour to Fabio Penati, curator of MCSN.

Discussion. This male specimen was identified by Magretti (1897) as E. afer . However, as compared to the male of E. afer above, they do not represent the same species. This species has the mandibular pre-apical lower tooth and the sensillae chaetica absent, the eyes weakly pilose, VOL 0.5 × HE, the protarsomeres distally spinose and the inner lobe of aedeagus setose, whereas E. afer has the mandibular pre-apical lower tooth and the sensillae chaetica present, the eyes glabrous, VOL 1.0 × HE, the protarsomeres without spines and the inner lobe of aedeagus without setae.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Head. 1. Epyris afer Ƥ, lectotype, dorsal view. 2 – 3. E. enerterus sp. nov. Ƥ, holotype. 2. Dorsal view; 3. Ventral view. 4. E. afer 3, paralectotype, dorsal view. 5 – 6. E. penatii sp. nov. 3, holotype. 5. Dorsal view; 6. Ventral view. (Scale bar = 200 µm)

FIGURES 7 – 18. Mandible. 7 – 9. Epyris afer Ƥ, lectotype. 7. Frontal view; 8. Ventral view; 9. Dorsal view. 10 – 12. E. afer 3, paralectotype. 10. Frontal view; 11. Ventral view; 12. Dorsal view. 13 – 15. E. enerterus sp. nov. Ƥ, holotype. 13. Frontal view; 14. Ventral view; 15. Dorsal view. 16 – 18. E. penatii sp. nov. 3, holotype. 16. Frontal view; 17. Ventral view; 18. Dorsal view. (Scale bar = 200 µm).

FIGURES 23 – 26. Mesosoma in dorsal view and mesopleuron. 23 – 24. Epyris afer 3, paralectotype. 23. Mesosoma; 24. Mesopleuron. 25 – 26. E. penatii sp. nov. 3, holotype. 25. Mesosoma; 26. Mesopleuron. (Scale bar = 200 µm)

FIGURES 27 – 30. Petiole in ventral view. 27. Epyris afer Ƥ, lectotype. 28. E. enerterus sp. nov. Ƥ, holotype. 29. E. afer 3, paralectotype. 30. E. penatii sp. nov. 3, holotype. (Scale bar = 200 µm)

FIGURES 31 – 36. Genitalia. 31 – 33. Epyris afer 3, paralectotype. 31. Dorsal view; 32. Ventral view. 33. Lateral view. 34 – 36. E. penatii sp. nov. 3, holotype. 34. Dorsal view; 35. Ventral view. 36. Lateral view. (Scale bar = 250 µm)