Nematodes penetrans ( LeConte, 1852 )

Otto, Robert L., 2021, A review of the Nearctic species of Nematodes (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Nematodini) with a description of one new species, Insecta Mundi 2021 (881), pp. 1-19 : 9-15

Nematodes penetrans ( LeConte, 1852)

Fig. 15–17

Emathion penetrans LeConte 1852: 47

Diagnosis. A strongly-developed, elongate, incomplete femoral ridge will distinguish this eucnemid species from all known Nematodes species in the Nearctic region, except N. rugosipennis new species. A sub-equal antennomere V in relation to antennomere IV will further distinguish N. penetrans from N. rugosipennis new species.

Specimens examined. Three hundred and seventy-five specimens were available for study: CANADA: QUÉ- BEC: “CANADA:, Quebec, Oka, 4 July 1999, Robert Vigneault” (1, GERP). USA: ARKANSAS: “AR Little Rock, VI/20/03Hanging, sugar traps, Brian Baldwin” (1, GERP). ILLINOIS: “ILLINOIS: Clinton County, 6.2 km SSW Harbor Light, Bay, 38.66203, -89.32758, 141m, 25 May–8 Jun 2018, S. Mills, LFT, BSF#82133” (1, CMNH); “ILLINOIS: St. Clair Co., 2.4 km WNW Signal Hill, 38.583173, -90.083133, 124 m, 8–22 Jun 2018, S. Mills, LFT, BSF#82234” (1, CMNH); “ ILLINOIS: Moultrie County, 4.6 km ESE Kirksville, Forest W. Wood Access, Area, 39.55210, -88.62136, 194 m, 13–27 Jun 2018 ” / “Lindgren funnel, trap, C. Wetzel, BSF#81099” (1, CMNH). INDIANA: “ Indiana: Tippecanoe Co., July 3–6, 2007 red, Lindgren funnel trap, Kyle E. Schnepp” (3, KESC); “ Indiana: Tippecanoe Co., July 25–27, 2008, white PVC trap, Kyle E. Schnepp” (1, KESC); “ Indiana: Tippecanoe Co., ex: dead butternut, Juglans cinerea branch, Kyle E. Schnepp” / “wood collected fall, 2009 emerged, spring 2010” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2019” (1, KESC). KANSAS: “USA: Kansas: Jefferson Co., The Falin Property, 1.5 km, N jct. 94 th St. & Kingman, Rd. 39°13.38’ N 95°24.24’ W, 10–20-VI-2006 Z.H. Falin, ex. canopy FIT, near lower, meadow KAN1F05 118” (1, GERP). MAINE: “ MAINE: Penobscot Co., 3.8km W Bangor, 52 m, 44.79578, -68.8247, 16–30 Jul 2018, LFT, R. Nyce, BSF#81958” (1, CMNH). MISSOURI: “MIS- SOURI: St. Louis Co., 2.4 km E Maryland Heights, 38.71261, -90.40263, 193m, 14–27 June 2016, LFT, L. Trevathan, BSF#70244” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2017” (2, CMNH). NEW JERSEY: “ NEW JERSEY: Monmouth, Co., 1.2km S Farmingdale, 40.18605, -74.16875, 30m, 26 Jun–9 Jul 2018, LFT, D. Armstrong, BSF#80353” (1, CMNH). NEW YORK: “ NEW YORK: Franklin Co., 6.2 km ENE Hogansburg, 44.9875, -74.5869, 48 m, 2–19 Jul 2019, LFT, A. Johnson, BSF#86283” (1, CMNH); “ NEW YORK: Franklin Co., 0.9 km ENE Hogansburg, 44.9728, -74.6517, 60 m, 3–18 Jul 2019, LFT, A. Johnson, BSF#86310” (1, CMNH); “ NEW YORK: Franklin Co., 7.5 km ENE Hogansburg, 44.9484, -74.5748, 62 m, 14–21 Aug 2019, LFT, A. Johnson, BSF#88005” (1, CMNH); “ NEW YORK: Franklin Co., 5.2 km ENE Hogansburg, 44.9574, -74.6012, 66 m, 14–21 Aug 2019, LFT, A. Johnson, BSF#88019” (1, CMNH). OHIO: “ OHIO: Hamilton County, 4.1km W Forest Park, 39.2884, -84.551, 258m, 12–28 Jun 2018, LFT, E. Larue, BSF#82508” (5, CMNH). VERMONT: “ Vermont Orleans Co., Newport, PT-3; Jules Rd; N44.9853, W72.12628; EAB Purple Trap, Emerald Ash Borer Pheromone; 5/30/2014 – 7/21/2014; Coll., USDA (5535)” / “ Eucnemidae, Eschscholtz 1829 , Det. E.R. Hoebeke, 2015” (5, CMNH); “ VERMONT: Chittenden, Co, 2.1km NNE Burlington, 44.494317, -73.208966, 33m, 7–29 Jun 2018 ” / “panel intercept, trap, E. Inoue, BSF#80820” (4, CMNH); “ VERMONT: Windham Co., 2.5 km NW Rockingham, 43.20408, -72.51019, 150m, 26 Jun–10 Jul 2018, LFT, L. Modesto, BSF#80319” (1, CMNH). VIR- GINIA: “VA: Appomattox Co., Appomattox, 14–28 June 1999, Robert Vigneault” (1, GERP). WEST VIRGINIA: “ WEST VIRGINIA: Raleigh, Co, 7 km ENE Beckley, 37.7937, -81.1116, 747m, 6–18 Jul 2018, LFT, R. Hays, BSF#80665” (1, CMNH). WISCONSIN: “Jackson Co., WI, T21N R24W s23, 27 VI–3 VII 1977, Gypsy Moth- M.T.” (handwritten) (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Green Co., Abraham’s Woods SNA, 42°41’05”N/89°29’04”W, 11 July–5 Aug. 2001, Jeffrey P. Gruber” / “flight intercept trap near, several fallen trees in, southern mesic hardwood, forest” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2015” (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Grant County, Wyalusing State Park, 42°59.647’N, 91°06.648’W, 18 – 26 July 2004, Coll. John J. Dorshorst” / “Flight intercept trap, baited with cantharidin, in southern mesic to, southern dry-mesic forest” (3, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., Rueckert’s private property, T29N R16E sec 16, 17 July 1996, Robert L. Otto” / “collected on, dead Acer ” (1, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., Rueckert’s private property, T29N R 17E sec 16, 14 July 1997, Robert L. Otto” / “collected beneath, Acer bark” (3, GERP); “WI: Richland Co., LWRSWA, Lone Rock Unit, T8N/R3E/Sec. 3, July 1–5 1999, Alistair Ramsdale” / “Flight intercept, Trap, Oak, savanna” (1, GERP); “WI: Sauk Co., Pine Hollow, T10N/ R5E/Sec.4, July 7–13 1999, Alistair Ramsdale” / “Flight intercept, Trap, Mesic, Hardwood forest” (1, GERP); “WI: Fond du Lac Co., Long Lake, Kettle Moraine St. For., N43.66355°, W088.1652°, July 20, 2004, MDD & JMP” / “Girdled ash tree, EAB TT#1” (handwritten) (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., Rueckert’s private property, T29N R16E sec 16, 10 April 2007, Robert L. Otto” / “reared from larvae, in rotten Acer on, 13 May 2007 ” (1, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., Rueckert’s private property, N44°59’ W88°25’, 9 April 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “reared from larva, in Acer on, 7 May 2009 ” (10, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., Rueckert’s private property, N44°59’ W88°25’, 9 April 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “reared from larva, in Acer on, 9 May 2009 ” (2, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., Rueckert’s private property, N44°59’ W88°25’, 9 April 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “reared from larva, in Acer on, 16 May 2009 ” (1, GERP); “WI: Forest Co., along County Hwy W, N45.54697° / W088.87092°, 14 July 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Interstate 8, N45.64411° / W088.66409°, 21 July 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, GERP; 2, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along State Hwy 139, N45.76769° / W088.69083°, 4 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along County Hwy W, N45.54697° /W088..87092°, 11 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 4, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Range Line Rd., N45.60146° / W088.93555°, 11 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Lundt Rd., N45.58689° / W088.86453°, 11 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Potawatomi Trl., N45.56523° / W088.86207°, 11 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Otter Creek Ln., N45.60744° / W088.80075°, 12 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 2, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Peshtigo Preserve Rd, N45.56194° / W088.57435°, 17 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (4, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Goodman Park Rd., N45.52111° / W088.564901°, 17 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Interstate 8, N45.64411° / W088.66409°, 18 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (3, GERP; 12, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Peshtigo River Rd., N45.60692° / W088.59950°, 18 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Browns Rd., N45.65729° / W088.59246°, 18 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Interstate 8, N45.65477° / W088.59246°, 18 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Spur Ln., N45.64630° / W088.56099°, 19 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (4, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along County Hwy G, N45.65222° / W088.78085°, 19 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along S. Town Rd., N45.65641° / W088.56300°, 19 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Kalata Rd., N45.67459° / W088.65600°, 19 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Double Bend Rd., N45.74372° / W088.72631°, 20 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Hanson Flat, N45.66603° / W088.96741°, 24 August 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Windsor Dam Rd., N45.86884° / W088.88438°, 1 September 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Lundt Rd., N45.58689° / W088.86455°, 3 September 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (3, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along County Hwy W, N45.54697° / W088.87097°, 3 September 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Potawatomi Trl., N45.56523° / W088.86207°, 8 September 2009, Andy E. Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Interstate 8, N45.64411° / W088.66409°, 9 September 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Forest Co., along Browns Rd., N45.65729° / W088.59246°, 9 September 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T014697, N44.98045055°, W087.31120038°, September 21, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015991, N45.14915940°, W087.15348867°, September 21, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (3, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015651, N45.11035387°, W087.21469416°, September 21, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T014541, N44.95521801°, W087.36600042°, September 21, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (4, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T014239, N44.92717752°, W087.3908807°, September 21, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T017944, N45.40686160°, W086.87317260°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T017477, N45.348739948°, W086.87006073°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T016989, N45.28424241°, W087.06588454°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T016658, N45.23784128°, W086.98765598°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015993, N45.14882656°, W087.09470211°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015652, N45.12242680°, W087.19298151°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (8, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T016159, N45.17046310°, W087.12216558°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015656, N45.11044281°, W087.06869499°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015483, N45.08630276°, W087.19392263°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (3, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015484, N45.08352122°, W087.16285209°, September 22, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (3, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T014704, N44.98264829°, W087.22309529°, September 24, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, GERP; 3, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015012, N45.02535123°, W087.28214468°, September 24, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T015168, N45.04545975°, W087.25530423°, September 24, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Door Co., EAB Trap #T014241, N44.91611643°, W087.33672235°, September 24, 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along County Road C, N44.73930°. W-088.33105°, EABT012765, 21 June 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., along County Road G/M, N45.00425°. W-088.24133°, EABT014676, 29 June 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “WI: Marinette Co., along County Road C, N45.40716°. W-088.34933°, EABT017771, 1 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “WI: Marinette Co., along County Road F, N45.39204°, W-088.35157°, EABT017607, 1 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, Prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Lafayette Co., along County Road U, N42.54630°. W-090.23315°, EABT108073, 7 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 36, WIRC); “WI: Lafayette Co., along County Road O, N42.52951°. W-090.25043°, EABT108146, 8 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “WI: Shawano Co., along County Road M, N44.76789°. W-088.69987°, EABT012934, 12 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 1, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Maple Road, N44.77976°. W-088.67004°, EABT013102, 12 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 3 WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Packard Road, N45.33680138°, W-087.69561374°, EABT017300, 12 July 2010, Randy LaPlant” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Forest Road 901, N45.32403046°, W-087.83637892°, EABT017112, 12 July 2010, Randy LaPlant” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Chapin Road, N45.33556528°, W-087.68496905°, EABT017476, 12 July 2010, Randy LaPlant” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Cherry Road, N44.82852°, W-088.72285°, EABT013439, 13 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Hickory Road, N44.80491°, W-088.71557°, EABT013284, 13 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Rock Co., along S. Johnson Road, N42.645037°, W-089.13047997°, EABT107501, 14 July 2010, Victor Starostka” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Woods Road, N44.84645°, W-088.52161°, EABT025222, 15 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Old Lakes Road, N44.81015°, W-088.58273°, EABT013288, 15 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Industrial Drive, N44.76722°, W-088.57491°, EABT012938, 15 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Nejedlo Road, N45.35224772°, W-088.01709023°, EABT017291, 15 July 2010, Randy LaPlant” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along Cheese Factory Road, N44.84477°, W-088.42981°, EABT013600, 19 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Pike River Road, N45.38102841°, W-087.89911386°, EABT017622, 19 July 2010, Randy LaPlant” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Green Co., along Mt. Hope Road, N42.50737103°, W-089.39527133°, EABT108122, 21 July 2010, Larry Broitzman” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along County Road R, N44.87707°, W-088.45058°, EABT013758, 21 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Green Co., along Mt. Hope Road, N42.50737103°. W-089.39527133°, EABT108122, 21 July 2010, Larry Broitzman” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “WI: Marinette Co., along Point Lane, N45.24940663°, W-087.891258°, EABT016635, 24 July 2010, Randy LaPlant” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Brush Lane, N45.00051°, W-088.45244°, EABT014669, 26 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Pine Road, N44.96420°, W-088.43286°, EABT014360, 26 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Peshtigo Brook Road, N45.01746°, W-088.36530°, EABT014807, 26 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along County Road M, N45.00508°, W-088.29438°, EABT014674, 27 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along County Roads G & M, N45.00425°, W-088.24133°, EABT014676, 27 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Rugg Road, N45.30374°, W-088.54252°, EABT016959, 27 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Tillman Road, N44.98399°, W-088.33889°, EABT014512, 27 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Green Co., along County Road EE, N42.7408787°, W-089.48130059°, EABT106993, 28 July 2010, Larry Broitzman” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Kirby Lake Road, N45.22294°, W-088.11060°, EABT016297, 28 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Brandywine Lane, N45.40898°, W-088.31567°, EABT017772, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI:Marinette Co.,along Parkway Road, N45.30199°, W-088.20638°,EABT016970, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Bluebird Road, N45.39176°, W-088.32729°, EABT017608, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Eagle River Road, N45.43129°, W-088.23354°, EABT017910, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Country Road F, N45.39204°, W-088.35157°, EABT017607, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Boat Landing no. 13 Road, N45.34381°, W-088.22379°, EABT017284, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Ranch Road, N45.320095°, W-088.23276°, EABT017104, 29 July 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Vilas Co., July 2010, Marie Eicksen-Pilch” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Rusk Co., July 2010, Marie Eicksen-Pilch” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along County Road VV, N42.73084°, W-091.01829°, EABT025487, 2 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (11, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along County Road VV, N42.74561°. W-091.03953°, EABT025486, 2 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “WI: Grant Co., along Birchwood Lane, N42.55105°, W-090.61307°, EABT108134, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Kelly Lane, N42.65854°, W-090.64565°, EABT107667, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Indian Creek Road, N42.61946°, W-090.63913°, EABT107901, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., Potosi Recreation Area, N42.66558°, W-090.72927°, EABT107664, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., Grant River Recreation Area, N42.65148°, W-090.70064°, EABT107665, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along River Lane, N42.64566°, W-090.69144°, EABT000802, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (2, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., O’Leary’s Lake Recreation Area, N42.54082°, W-090.63676°, EABT000151, 3 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (4, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Far-Nuff Road, N42.69210°, W-090.90461°, EABT107550, 4 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., K-7 Koral Campground, N42.70224°, W-090.95731°, EABT10548, 4 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Closing Dam Road, N42.76075°, W-091.05850°, EABT107215, 4 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (3, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Burton Lane, N42.71818°, W-090.81564°, EABT107444, 4 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil”(2, WIRC); “WI:Grant Co.,along Lynn Hollow Lane, N42.67606°, W-090.81497°, EABT107661, 4 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Dutch Hollow Road, N42.70730°, W-090.78826°, EABT107445, 4 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Airport Road, N42.77551°, W-090.67876°, EABT107117, 5 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along County Road O, N42.68338°, W-090.63218°, EABT107559, 5 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Shawano Co., along County Road M, N44.76789°, W-088.69987°, EABT012934, 9 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Peshtigo Brook Road, N45.01746°, W-088.36530°, EABT014807, 16 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., along Brush Lane, N45.00051°, W-088.45244°, EABT014669, 16 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along County Road C, N45.39984°, W-088.14449°, EABT017614, 24 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along County Road A, N45.42694°, W-088.10370°, EABT017914, 24 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Davis Road, N45.41748°, W-088.08846°, EABT017779, 24 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along Smith Creek Road, N45.26758°. W-088.05819°, EABT016630, 24 August 2010, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, GERP; 2, WIRC); “WI: Rusk Co., August 2010, Marie Eicksen-Pilch” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Oneida Co., August 2010, Marie Eicksen-Pilch” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil” (1, WIRC); “WI: Sauk Co., along Schiffet Road, N43.1677610°, W-090.078893°, EABT104953C, 11 July 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (2, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Walnut Road, N42.9040730°, W-091.099555°, EABT106539, 14 July 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (3, WIRC); “WI: Waupaca Co., along County Road T, N44.42629°. W-088.75619°, EABT010405A, 21 July 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (2, GERP); “WI: Waupaca Co., along Big Eddy Road, N44.39886°. W-088.77316°, EABT010267A, 21 July 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, GERP); “WI: Waupaca Co., along Big Eddy Road, N44.39883°. W-088.77314°, EABT010267B, 21 July 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (3, GERP); “WI: Richland Co., along State Highway 60, N43.2070650°, W-090.565659°, EABT104865, 21 July 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, WIRC); “WI: Richland Co., along Country Lane, N43.3549120°, W-090.413616°, EABT104037C, 28 July 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (3, WIRC); “WI: Marinette Co., along H & S Lane, N45.37822°, W-088.26212°, EABT017450, 29 July 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon- 1-ol” (1, WIRC); “WI: Winnebago Co., along Mill Pond Lane, N44.22178°. W-088.47646°, EABT100276C, 15 August 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, GERP); “WI: Grant Co., along Bluff Road, N42.5388840°, W-090.622583°, EABT000151, 16 August 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (3, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Dutch Hollow Road, N42.7041840°, W-090.770282°, EABT107446, 18 August 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (3, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along State Highway 133, N42.7039690°, W-090.943685°, EABT107549, 18 August 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Pigeon River Road, N42.785030°, W-090.809306°, EABT107112, 23 August 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Mississippi Drive, N42.8654220°, W-091.050628°, EABT106656, 24 August 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (5, WIRC); “WI: Grant Co., along Wightman Road, N43.1874800°, W-090.528244°, EABT104978, 6 September 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (4, WIRC); “WI: Richland Co., along State Highway 60, N43.2023310°, W-090.434931°, EABT104869D, 7 September 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, WIRC); “WI: Iowa Co., along State Highway 14, N43.1678660°, W-090.039619°, EABT104994B, 7 September 2011, Andy Anderson” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (4, WIRC); “WI: Florence Co., along Brook Street, N45.82581°. W-088.24797°, EABT020739A, 7 September 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, GERP); “WI: Florence Co., along Brook Street, N45.82539°. W-088.24696°, EABT020739B, 7 September 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1,GERP);“WI:Florence Co.,along County Road N, N45.83457°. W-088.22651°,EABT020740A, 7 September 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from EAB, prism trap baited, with Manuka oil & Z3-Hexon-1-ol” (1, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., along Groniger St., N44.998073°, W-088.378475°, 26 June – 13 July 2012, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from elevated, flight intercept trap, baited with Manuka oil” (1, GERP); “USA: WI: Ozaukee Co., UW-Mil. Field Station, 43.38295°N/-88.02534°W, WGS84; 09–16 July 2013, Daniel K. Young; Malaise, Trap Fagus - Acer forest” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2015” (2, WIRC); “USA: WI: Langlade County, Gardner Dam BSA Camp, 45.13667°N/88.68449°W, WGS84; 13–20 July 2013, Kari Gullickson, Duane Hille, Malaise trap; hardwood forest” (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Ozaukee Co., UW-Mil. Field Station, 43.38295°N/- 88.02534°W, WGS84; 22–30 July 2013, Daniel K. Young; Malaise, Trap Fagus - Acer forest” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2015” (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Ozaukee Co., UW-Mil. Field Station, 43.38295°N/-88.02534°W, WGS84; 13–20 August 2013, Daniel K. Young; Malaise, Trap Fagus - Acer forest” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2015” (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Dodge Co., Ledge County Park, ~43.47357° N 88.57654° W, 28 June 2014, Jeffrey P. Gruber” / “found on mostly debarked, trunk of dead standing, hardwood tree, mixed, hardwood forest” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2016 ” (“16” handwritten) (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Waukesha Co., Muskego Park, Hardwoods SNA, ~42.89587° N 88.16227° W, 5 July 2014, Jeffrey P. Gruber” / “crawling on large debarked, hardwood log, southern, dry-mesic forest” / “ Nematodes , penetrans, (LeConte) , Det. R.L. Otto, 2014” (7, WIRC); “WI: Oconto Co., Jeff Otto Property, N44° 59.075’, W-088° 28.725’, 5 April 2015, Robert L. Otto” / “Reared from larvae, in rotten Acer limb, on 8 May 2015 ” (1, GERP); “WI: Oconto Co., Jeff Otto Property, N44° 59.075’, W-088° 28.725’, 5 April 2015, Robert L. Otto” / “Reared from larvae, in rotten Acer limb, on 18 May 2015 ” (1, GERP); “WI: La Crosse Co., Coulee Exp. Forest, N43° 51.612’, W-91° 01.797’, 15 July 2015, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken from, downed elm, tree” (1, GERP); “USA: WI: Outagamie County, LaSage Bottom SNA, 44.38264°N/88.60455°W, 24 June–09 July 2016, WGS84; Ann Marsh” / “Non-baited Townes Malaise, Trap; second growth flood-, plain forest; shade, between, ephemeral pond and river; Specify Collection, Event Code, 2016AM0148” (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Juneau County, 15 m E of Lemonwear River, 43.91632°N/90.16554°W, 27 June–11 July 2016, WGS84; Ann Marsh” / “Ocotopoda baited Lindgren, Funnel Trap; flood plain, forest; amid ephemeral, ponds and river; mixed, hardwood canopy; shade, Specify Collection, Event Code, 2016AM0152” (5, WIRC); “USA: WI: Outagamie County, LaSage Bottom SNA, 44.38264°N/88.60455°W, 09–25 July 2016, WGS84; Ann Marsh” / “Non-baited Townes Malaise, Trap; second growth flood-, plain forest; shade, between, ephemeral pond and river; Specify Collection, Event Code, 2016AM0171” (1, WIRC); “USA: WI: Juneau County, 15 m E of Lemonwear River, 43.91632°N/90.16554°W, 11–28 July 2016, WGS84; Ann Marsh” / “Ocotopoda baited Lindgren, Funnel Trap; flood plain, forest; amid ephemeral, ponds and river; mixed, hardwood canopy; shade, Specify Collection, Event Code, 2016AM0181” (1, WIRC).

Redescription. Length, 3.0–6.0 mm. Width, 1.0 mm. Body subcylindrical, elongate; uniformly black; antennae dark brown; legs including tarsi dark brown; head, pronotum and elytra clothed with short, recumbent yellowish setae ( Fig. 15 ). Head: Subspherical; integument closely punctate, somewhat shiny; frons convex, with median, round, shallow fovea above frontoclypeal region; apical margin of frontoclypeal region weakly trilobed, about 2 times wider than base; mandibles stout, bidentate, densely punctate. Antenna: Filiform to weakly serriform from antennomeres III–XI, attaining nearly 1/3 the length of the body; antennomere III longer than IV; antennomeres IV–VI each sub-equal, slightly longer than wide, each slightly shorter than VII; antennomeres VII–X each sub-equal, longer than wide; antennomere XI slightly longer than X. Pronotum: Integument somewhat shiny, densely punctate to rugose; longer than wide, with moderate, sharp hind angles; lateral sides basally constricted above pronotal hind angles, parallel-sided, cranially arcuate; disc convex with short, shallow median groove and pair of shallow, circular fovea; base sinuous. Scutellar shield: Quadrate, setose, shallowly punctate and distally truncated. Elytra: Striae absent to weakly indicated; interstices flattened; integument somewhat shiny, transversely rugose at basal 1/3, closely punctate at apical 2/3. Legs: First tarsomere shorter than the combined lengths of the remaining four on meso- and metatarsi; tibiae rounded in cross section; metatarsomeres I–III simple; metatarsomere IV excavate-emarginate; metatarsomere V elongate with simple claws. Venter ( Fig. 16 ): Closely punctate, with short, recumbent yellowish setae; hypomeron with basally obliterated lateral antennal grooves; strongly-developed femoral ridge incomplete, elongate, extending almost to the lateral side of the pronotum; metepisterna parallel-sided; elytral epipleura punctate; metacoxal plates medially more than 3.0–6.0 times wider than laterally; last abdominal ventrite apically produced. Aedeagus ( Fig. 17 ): Basal piece longer than wide, laterally parallel-sided, dorsally open, apically rounded; remaining parts elongate, parallel-sided; parameres elongate, apically pointed, triangular-shaped lateral tooth present half way between base of and apices of the parameres; secondary lateral lobes present, short, attached at base of parameres; median lobe elongate and narrow, apically pointed, deeply and narrowly bifid, as long as the parameres.

Distribution. In Canada, this somewhat commonly collected, widespread eucnemid species has been taken in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Québec ( Webster et al. 2012). In the United States, N. penetrans is known from Alabama, Arkansas (New State Record), Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas (New State Record), Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin ( Otto and Karns 2017).

Biology. Specimens were taken from a blacklight trap, white PVC trap, a Malaise trap, Lindgren funnel traps, a panel intercept trap, and cross-vane panel traps. Immature stages were documented by Otto (2017).

Figures

Figures 12–17. Nematodes species. 12) Nematodes humphreyi Muona, male, dorsal habitus. 13) Nematodes humphreyi Muona, male, ventral habitus. 14) Nematodes humphreyi Muona, male, aedeagus, dorsal. 15) Nematodes penetrans (LeConte), female, dorsal habitus. 16) Nematodes penetrans (LeConte), female, ventral habitus. 17) Nematodes penetrans (LeConte), male, aedeagus, dorsal. (Scale: 12–13 = 5.0 mm; 14–17 = 1.0 mm.)