Sumitrosis rosea (Weber)

Eiseman, Charles S., Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2024, New larval host records, parasitoid records, and DNA barcoding data for North American leaf-mining leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea), Zootaxa 5549 (1), pp. 1-60 : 36-37

Sumitrosis rosea (Weber)

( Figs. 22 , 84–86 , 153–156 )

Reared or barcoded specimens. ARIZONA: Pima Co., Madera Canyon , 31.730736, -110.88125, 1.viii.2023, em. 11–13.viii.2023, C.S. & A.B. Eiseman & J.A. Blyth, ex Coursetia?caribaea , # CSE8399 (1 adult, MLBM) ; KANSAS: Douglas Co., Baldwin City, Baldwin Woods , 2.vii.2015, em. by 19–21.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex Laportea canadensis , # CSE1713 (4 adults, ZFMK) ; MASSACHUSETTS: Hampshire Co., Pelham, Arnold Rd. , 3.vii.2013, dead adult extracted from mine 22.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex Celastrus orbiculatus , # CSE729 (1 adult, MLBM) ; NEW YORK: Putnam Co., Kent, 41.437942, -73.783126, 7.ix.2022, em. 13.ix.2022, C.S. Eiseman, ex Amphicarpaea bracteata , # CSE7841 (1 adult, MLBM) ; NORTH CAROLINA: Moore Co., Weymouth Woods Sandhills Nature Preserve , 23.vi.2019, em. 28.vi.2019, T. S. Feldman, ex Robinia nana (BG 1683549); Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University , 14.ix.2015, T.S. Feldman , ex Centrosema virginianum , # CSE2230 (1 larva, ZFMK) ; 23.viii.2016, em. 3.ix.2016, T.S. Feldman , ex Tephrosia virginiana , # CSE2967 (1 adult, MLBM) ; 23.viii.2016, em. 13.ix.2016, T.S. Feldman , ex Tephrosia virginiana , # CSE2991 (2 adults, ZFMK) ; 26.vii.2020, em. 19–20.viii.2020, T.S. Feldman , ex Galactia volubilis , # CSE6679 (2 adults, MLBM) ; OHIO: Delaware Co., Sunbury, Monkey Hollow Rd. (40.296695, -82.832528), 14.viii.2023, em. 26.viii.2023, J.A. Blyth, ex Phaseolus vulgaris ‘ Provider’, # CSE8458 (1 adult, MLBM) ; OKLAHOMA: Payne Co., Marena , 16.viii.2016, em. 6.ix.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex Desmodium paniculatum , # CSE3077 (1 adult, ZFMK) ; Mehan , 36.014339° N, - 96.996744° W, 23.vi.2016, em. 28.vi.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex Celastrus scandens , # CSE3074 (2 adults, ZFMK) ; PENNSYLVANIA: Chester Co., Pottstown, Warwick County Park , 10.viii.2014, em. beginning 16.viii.2014, N. D. Charney, ex Laportea canadensis , # CSE1369 (1 adult, MLBM) ; TENNESSEE: Davidson Co., Nashville, West Meade Waterfall (36.094655, -86.913252), 21.viii.2017, larva em. 23.viii.2017, adult em. 6.ix.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex Laportea canadensis , # CSE4165 (1 adult, 1 larva, ZFMK) ; WISCONSIN: Buffalo Co., Alma, S1287 State Road 88, 18.vii.2015, em. 30.vii–8.viii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex Hylodesmum glutinosum , # CSE1906 (2 adults, ZFMK) .

Collected specimens. OHIO: Delaware Co., Sunbury, Monkey Hollow Rd. , 4.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex Laportea canadensis , # CSE3078 (1 pupa, ZFMK) .

Other collected mines. ARIZONA: Pima Co., Madera Canyon, 31.730736, -110.88125, 1.viii.2023, C.S. Eiseman, Desmodium batocaulon (iNat 185077505); Santa Cruz Co., Madera Canyon, 7.xi.2012, C.S. Eiseman, Desmodium batocaulon (iNat 203276715); NORTH CAROLINA: Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 22.ix.2015, T.S. Feldman, Centrosema virginianum (1 parasitized pupa, BG 1144750); OHIO: Delaware Co., Sunbury, Monkey Hollow Rd., 4.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, Laportea canadensis (1 larva, iNat 203277094).

Photographed mines. KANSAS: Douglas Co., Baldwin City, Baldwin Woods, 2.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, Hylodesmum glutinosum [vacated] (iNat 203281950); NORTH CAROLINA: Buncombe Co., Blue Ridge Parkway, 35.537309, -82.505037, 30.vi.2020, E.M. Raskin, Hylodesmum nudiflorum [pupa] (iNat 51571164); Madison Co., Appalachian Trail, 35.95973, -82.55286, J. Petranka, 6.vii.2021, Laportea canadensis [larva] (iNat 86077819); VERMONT: Lamoille Co., Stowe, Hell Brook, west of Mountain Rd., 6.ix.2015, C.S. Eiseman, Laportea canadensis [vacated] (iNat 203284753).

Hosts. Amaranthaceae : Chenopodium album L.; Celastraceae : Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. , C. scandens L.; Fabaceae : Amorpha glabra Desf. ex Pers. , * Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald, Centrosema pubescens Benth. , C. *virginianum (L.) Benth., * Coursetia cf. caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin , Desmodium *batocaulon A. Gray , D. *paniculatum (L.) DC., Glycine max (L.) Merr., * Galactia volubilis (L.) Britton, * Hylodesmum glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) H. Ohashi & R.R. Mill , H. nudiflorum (L.) H. Ohashi & R.R. Mill, Laburnum Fabr. , Lespedeza violacea Pers. , * Phaseolus vulgaris L., Robinia *hispida var. nana (Elliott) DC. , R. pseudoacacia L., * Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers.; Urticaceae : Laportea canadensis (L.) Wedd. ( Butte 1969; Buntin & Pedigo 1982; Ford & Cavey 1985; Wheeler & Snook 1986; Memmott et al. 1994; Clark et al. 2004; Eiseman 2014). Ford & Cavey (1985) also recorded an unspecified “ Urticaceae ” as a larval host. Frost’s (1924) compiled records for “ C[halepus] (anoplitis) nervosa Panz. ” appear to involve both Sumitrosis inaequalis and S. rosea . His own observations of Urtica gracilis Aiton ( Urticaceae ) and Solanum dulcamara L. ( Solanaceae ) from New York likely represent S. rosea , although (as with Butte’s (1969) record from Chenopodium ) it is difficult to believe that the latter truly represents a rearing record. Frost (1924) also cited the rearing from Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench mentioned by Chittenden (1902), which may refer to S. rosea or (perhaps more likely) S. pallescens .

Adults of Sumitrosis rosea have been reported from the following additional fabaceous hosts: Amorpha fruticosa L., Gleditsia triacanthos L., Phaseolus lunatus L., and Robinia neomexicana A.Gray ( Chittenden 1902; Riley & Enns 1979; Buntin & Pedigo 1982; Wheeler & Snook 1986; Clark et al. 2004).

Biology. Oviposition and leaf mines were described by Wheeler & Snook (1986) and Eiseman (2014). The egg is deposited in a pit chewed in the upper leaf surface ( Fig. 22 ), and the larva forms a full-depth blotch mine with the frass scattered throughout in short, minute strips ( Figs. 84–86 ).

Parasitoids. Conura albifrons (Walsh) ( Chalcididae ) has been reared from pupae of Sumitrosis rosea in mines on Laportea canadensis ( McPheron 1985) . We reared C. odontotae (Howard) (CSE2116, CSE2158, UFES) from pupae in mines on Centrosema virginianum .

McPheron (1985) reported rearing Pediobius albipes (Provancher) and Pnigalio uroplatae (Howard) ( Eulophidae ) from larvae of S. rosea mining leaves of Laportea canadensis . We reared P. albipes from a pupa in a mine on L. canadensis from Ohio (CSE2922, BMNH) and Chrysocharis occidentalis (Girault) from a larva mining Hylodesmum glutinosum in Wisconsin (CSE1809, BMNH). Our collections of mines on Desmodium batocaulon from Arizona yielded adults of Closterocerus trifasciatus Westwood (CSE162, BMNH), Pnigalio cf. minio (Walker) (CSE168, CSE247, BMNH), and an undetermined eulophine (CSE8406, CNC / iNat 203286461).

Scambus hispae (Harris) ( Ichneumonidae ) is also recorded as a parasitoid of S. rosea ( Carlson 1979) .A wingless female Gelis Thunberg (CSE4310, CNC) emerged from a pupa in a mine we collected on Celastrus orbiculatus in Massachusetts.

Notes. Eiseman (2014) summarized past records of Sumitrosis rosea from non-fabaceous hosts and discussed the possibility that cryptic species may be involved. According to S.M. Clark (in litt.), adults from Laportea tend to be dark, often mostly black, and those from Fabaceae tend to be lighter, mostly yellowish-brown. This holds true with our specimens, although some individuals from Laportea are quite similar to those from Fabaceae . The few we have reared from Celastrus are likewise at both extremes ( Figs. 153–156 ). Our DNA barcoding data provide no evidence for cryptic species; specimens from Celastraceae , Fabaceae , and Urticaceae all belong to BIN BOLD: ACL1518.

Figures

FIGURES 1–22. Eggs of Chalepini spp.; 1: Anisostena californica; 2: A. lecontii; 3: Baliosus californicus; 4: B. nervosus; 5: same; 6: Brachycoryna hardyi (photo by E. LoPresti); 7: B. pumila; 8: Chalepus bicolor; 9: C. walshii walshii; 10: Glyphuroplata pluto; 11: Microrhopala excavata excavata; 12: M. laetula; 13: M. vittata; 14: M. xerene; 15: Odontota dorsalis; 16: O. floridana; 17: O. horni (top view); 18: same (side view); 19: O. scapularis; 20: Sumitrosis ancoroides; 21: S. inaequalis; 22: S. rosea.

FIGURES 78–86. Leaf mines of Sumitrosis spp.; 78: S. ancoroides on Strophostyles helvola (with pupa at center); 79: S. inaequalis on Eurybia divaricata (with egg at upper right, and larva above center); 80: S. inaequalis on Eutrochium maculatum; 81: S. inaequalis on Symphyotrichum anomalum (with pupa at upper right); 82: S. pallescens on Chamaecrista sp. (with egg above center); 83: same (secondary mines, with pupa at upper right); 84: S. rosea on Celastrus orbiculatus (with egg at right); 85: S. rosea on Laportea canadensis (with larva left of center); 86: S. rosea on Coursetia cf. caribaea (larva in secondary mine).

FIGURES 142–161. Chrysomelidae adults; 142: Octotoma marginicollis; 143: O. plicatula; 144: Odontota dorsalis; 145: O. floridana; 146: O. horni; 147: O. scapularis; 148: Stenopodius cf. lateralis; 149: Sumitrosis ancoroides (reared from Stylosanthes biflora); 150: S. ancoroides (reared from Strophostyles helvola); 151: S. inaequalis; 152: S. pallescens; 153: S. rosea (reared from Hylodesmum glutinosum); 154: S. rosea (reared from Laportea canadensis); 155: S. rosea (another individual reared from same collection of L. canadensis leaves); 156: S. rosea (reared from Celastrus orbiculatus); 157: Oulema palustris; 158: Altica cf. lazulina; 159: Dibolia borealis; 160: D. chelones; 161: D. melampyri.