Zaria aquitanica ( Tournouër, 1874 )

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2019, Turritellidae (Gastropoda) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations about turritellid genera, Zootaxa 4681 (1), pp. 1-136 : 81-84

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4681.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F071DF02-2956-4B20-9DAF-E2CEB0CB0F9A
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10318364-FFCF-E24D-C9D9-FA85FDC4F997
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Zaria aquitanica ( Tournouër, 1874 )
status

Treatment

Zaria aquitanica ( Tournouër, 1874)

Figs 6D View FIGURE 6 , 22A View FIGURE 22 1–2 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 , 22B View FIGURE 22 1–2 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 , 22C, 22D View FIGURE 22

* Turritella gradata var. B. aquitanica— Tournouër, 1874: 166.

Turritella crossei Costa mss. n. var. — Dollfus et al., 1903: 4, pl. 30, figs 6a–6b.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tourn emend. — Cossmann & Peyrot, 1922: 15, nr. 411, pl. 1, fig. 27.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tourn. — Zbyszewski, 1954: 137, pl. 12, figs 57, 60, 71, 73.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tourn. — Zbyszewski, 1957: 159, pl. 11, fig. 115.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tourn. — Strausz, 1954: 13, pl. 1, fig. 12.

[ Turritella View in CoL ( Turritella View in CoL ?) gradata ] forma fortissima— Sieber, 1960: 250, pl. 1, fig. 25.

Zaria aquitanica Tournouër , sp. 1874 — Glibert, 1962: 82.

Turritella aquitanica Tournouër, 1874 — Strausz, 1966: 85, pl. 2, figs 9–12, 14.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tourn. — Csepreghy Meznerics, 1969: 20, pl. 2, fig. 11.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tournouer, 1874 — Steininger et al., 1973: 400, pl. 3, fig. 12.

Turritella (Zaria) aquitanica Tournouer, 1874 — Calzada-Badia et al., 1978: 113, pl. 1, fig. 5.

Turritella aquitanica Tournouer — Fözy & Szente, 2014: 309, fig. 7.

non Turritella (Zaria) aquitaniensis Tourn. — Kókay, 1966: 39, pl. 3, fig. 12.

non Turritella (Zaria) cf. aquitaniensis Tournouer, 1874 — Mikuž, 1982: 120, pl. 10, fig. 7.

non Turritella (Zaria) cf. aquitaniensis Tournouer, 1874 — Mikuž, 2009: 14, pl. 2, fig. 26.

non Turritella cf. aquitanica Tournouër, 1874 — Stein et al., 2016: 31, pl. 15, figs 3a–3b.

Type material. Tournouër (1874) described this species from the Faluns de Gabarret (la Guirande, Escalans, Pont du Rimbès) based on several syntypes. These might be stored in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris but could currently not be located (Jean-Michel Pacaud pers. comm., 2019). Cossmann & Peyrot (1922, pl. 1, fig. 27) illustrated a specimen from Parlebosq (La Guirande) as topotype.

Studied material. 1 spec. NHMW 2018/0170/0001, 32 spec. NHMW 1858/0020/0022, 5 spec. NHMW 1868/0001/0370, Gamlitz ( Austria) ; 1. spec. UMJG&P 60.655, St. Florian ( Austria) , holotype of Turritella gradata fortissima Sieber 1960 ; 1 spec. NHMW 2018/0171/0001, St. Florian ( Austria) ; 1 spec. NHMW 2018/0296/0001, Höllerkogel, SW St. Josef ( Austria) , 5 spec. NHMW 2018/0172/0001, Waldschach at St. Nikolai ( Austria) ; 2 spec. NHMW 1850/0005/0055, Slovenj Gradec (= Windischgrätz ) ( Slovenia) ; 19 spec. NHMW 2018/0297/0001, Várpalota ( Hungary) , 27 spec. NHMW 2018/0298/0001, Szob ( Hungary) ; 1 spec. NHMW 1856/0035/0351, Saint-Avit ( France) .

Illustrated material. Figs 22A View FIGURE 22 1–2 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 : SL: 34.5 mm, MD: 12.1 mm, NHMW 2018/0170/0001, Gamlitz ( Austria); Figs 22B View FIGURE 22 1–2 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 : SL: 33.8 mm, MD: 12.2 mm, NHMW 1868/0001/0370, Gamlitz ( Austria); Fig. 22C View FIGURE 22 : SL: 36.8 mm, MD: 11.4 mm, NHMW 2018/0171/0001, St. Florian ( Austria), Fig. 22D View FIGURE 22 : 2018/0297/0001, Várpalota ( Hungary).

Revised description. Shell small to medium-sized, moderately slender to broad, of at least 15 teleoconch whorls. Protoconch paucispiral of ca. 300 μm diameter, consisting of about 1–1.5 smooth whorls and sunken nucle- us. First teleoconch whorls bicarinate with B and C spiral cords of equal strength, separated by shallowly concave interspace; B spiral cord slightly below mid-whorl. Subsequently, B spiral cord weakens and C spiral cord becomes dominant, coinciding with periphery. Sutural ramp nearly flat, bearing about five delicate secondary spiral cords increasing to about ten secondary and tertiary cords on adult whorls; a weak spiral thread may appear between B and C spiral cords; weak d spiral cord appears soon below angulation, accompanied by two delicate spiral threads. Whorl profile frustate throughout ontogeny, accentuated by prominent C spiral cord, which may pass into rounded angulation on last whorl. Lateral sinus angle steep; wide, moderately deep with faint inflection point close below adapical suture; abapical LS p. Base rapidly contracting; basal sinus nearly straight to faintly prosocyrt. Aperture subcircular, slightly effusive abapically; outer lip damaged in all available specimens; inner lip narrow, slightly twisted, resulting in shallow axial concavity in lower third, sharply edged towards base. No inner lirae present.

Shell measurements and ratios. Complete specimens are rare; largest incomplete specimen: SL: 46.3, MD: 15.6 mm, suggesting SL of ~ 50 mm; largest diameter: 16.1 mm; largest nearly complete specimens: SL = 34.6/33.6/ 33.5 mm, MD: 12.0/11.2/ 10.2 mm; n = 5 adult specimens: AA: μ = 20.8° (σ = 1.67°), PA: μ = 18.0° (σ = 1.2°). Lateral sinus (n = 5): LS angle = 26.5° (σ = 3.7°), LS p = 1.1 (σ = 0.16), LS d = 5.2 (σ = 1.0).

Discussion. Placing this species in Zaria is based on the prominent spiral sculpture and marked angulation. In addition, the herein documented slightly twisted inner lip and the feebly prosocyrt basal sinus support a relationship with Zaria . Early teleoconch whorls of Zaria duplicata display some variability in the strengths of the angulation, which is also seen in Z. aquitanica (see Fig. 21A View FIGURE 21 2 View FIGURE 2 versus 21B 2).

Zaria aquitanica ( Tournouër, 1874) has been frequently misinterpreted in collections as spire fragments of Turritella gradata Menke in Hörnes, 1855 . Due to this similarity, Tournouër (1874) and Sieber (1960) considered it a subspecies of T. gradata . Nevertheless, a separation of Z. aquitanica from T. gradata is obvious based on the much smaller size of fully grown specimens, the shallower lateral sinus, which has a lower angle, and the nearly orthocline growth line of the basal sinus. Moreover, T. gradata lacks the twisted inner lip and its early teleoconch whorls lack the keel of Z. aquitanica . Cossmann & Peyrot (1922) emended Turritella aquitanica into aquitaniensis for grammatical reasons but according to ICZN 33.2.3, this is an unjustified emendation.

Specimens from the Hemmoorian (Burdigalian/Langhian) of the North Sea Basin, described by Stein et al. (2016) as Turritella cf. aquitanica , differ in their markedly imbricate whorls and lack the prominent keel of Z. aquitanica . These specimens are most probably aberrant specimens of another Turritellinae species.

Paleoenvironment. Unknown; the Florian Formation of the Styrian Basin comprises littoral to medium deep sublittoral environments of a lagoonal setting ( Gross et al. 2007; herein).

Distribution. Central Paratethys. Badenian: Styrian Basin: Höllerkogel at St. Johann, St. Florian, Wetzelsdorf, Kögerbauer, Kreuzpeter, Höfern am Sausal, Gamlitz ( Austria) ( Sieber 1960; herein). Slovenj Gradec Basin: Slovenj Gradec ( Slovenia) (herein); Pannonian Basin: Várpalota ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966). Proto-Mediterranean Sea and northeastern Atlantic. Late Burdigalian and Langhian: Aquitaine Basin: Saint-Jean-de-Marsacq, Parlebosq, Saubrigues, Pont du Rembès ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1922); Aquitanian & Burdigalian: Lisbon area, e.g. Forno do Tijolo, Quinta do Manique, Boa-Vista, Friellas ( Portugal) ( Zbyszewski 1954, 1957); Cerdanyola de Vallès (Barcelona, Spain) ( Calzada-Badia et al. 1978).

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Mollusca
Class	Gastropoda
Order	Sorbeoconcha
Family	Turritellidae
Genus	Zaria