Lissoporcellana demani, Dong, Dong & Li, Xinzheng, 2014

Dong, Dong & Li, Xinzheng, 2014, Revision of Lissoporcellana streptochiroides (Johnson, 1970) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae), with description of a new species of Lissoporcellana Haig, 1978 from Beibu Bay, South China Sea, Zootaxa 3860 (5), pp. 419-434 : 425-432

Lissoporcellana demani n. sp.

( Figs. 4–6 )

Porcellana (Porcellana) streptochira .—De Man, 1888: 419, pl. 18, fig. 6. [Not Porcellana streptochira Miers, 1884 = Lissoporcellana quadrilobata ( Miers, 1884) .]

Lissoporcellana streptochiroides .— Haig, 1978: 712; 1981: 280; 1992: 308, fig. 5.— Komai, 2000: 362 (list, part).— Davie, 2002: 98 (list, part).— Osawa & Chan, 2010: 92, fig. 64. [Not Porcellana (Pisidia) streptochiroides Johnson, 1970 ].

Type material. Holotype: MBM215335, 1 male (CL 4.71 mm), Beibu Bay, the northern South China Sea, station No.6249, 30.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 13 Jul. 1960.

Paratypes: Beibu Bay: MBM215331, 1 male (CL 3.94 mm), 1 ovig. female (CL 4.24 mm), station No.6263, muddy & sandy bottom, 55.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-402, Fan Zhengang, 17 May 1960. MBM215274, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.96 mm), 1 male (CL 3.91 mm), 1 female (CL 3.37 mm), station No.7503, coarse sandy bottom, 47 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 15 Jan. 1962; MBM215321, 1 ovig. female (CL 4.05 mm), station No.6284, muddy & sandy bottom, 16.8 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Fan Zhengang, 10 Jul. 1960; MBM215294, 1 male (CL 3.84 mm), 1 ovig. female (CL 4.03 mm), station No.6263, muddy & sandy bottom, 55.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-402, Fan Zhengang, 17 May 1960; MBM215356, 2 females (CL 2.61, 2.81 mm), 2 ovig. females (CL 3.99, 4.09 mm), station No.7603, 44 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 18 Aug. 1962; MBM215375, 1 ovig. female (CL 4.33 mm), station No.6218, 62 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Fan Zhengang, 18 Apr. 1960. MBM188992, 1 male (CL 2.14 mm), station No.7503, 52 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 22 Aug. 1962; MBM188993, 1 male (CL 2.14 mm), station No.7503, 52 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 22 Aug. 1962; MBM215271, 1 male (CL 2.56 mm), station No.6249, 35 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat- 228, Sun Fuzeng, 14 Apr. 1960; MBM215272, 1 male (CL 3.54 mm), station No.6241, 65.7 m, coarse sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Haidiao10, Fan Zhengang, 10 Feb. 1960; MBM215276, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.63 mm), 1 male (CL 3.39 mm), station No.7901, 52 m, moderately sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 17 Aug. 1962; MBM215278, 1 male (CL 3.71 mm),station No.6282, muddy & sandy bottom, 28 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, 9 Jul. 1960; MBM215279, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.29 mm), 1 male (CL 3.46 mm), station No.6277, 35 m, muddy fine sand, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Fan Zhengang, 9 Jul. 1960; MBM215281, 1 male (CL 3.88 mm), station No.6277, muddy fine sand, 35 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Zhang Baolin, 13 Apr. 1960; MBM215286, 1 female (CL 3.64 mm), station No.6271, 44 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Na Ronghua, 19 Oct. 1960; MBM215287, 1 male (CL 3.73 mm), station No.6270, muddy & sandy bottom, 35 m, boat-Haidiao10, Fan Zhengang, 8 Feb. 1960; MBM215273, 1 ovig. female (CL 4.18 mm), station No.6220, coarse sandy bottom, 36.8 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Haidiao10, Fan Zhengang, 9 Feb. 1960; MBM215291, 2 ovig. females (CL 3.38, 3.89 mm), 1 male (CL 3.01 mm), station No.7802, 67 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 10 Apr. 1962; MBM215295, 1 male (CL 3.02 mm), station No.7103, 20 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 26 Aug. 1962; MBM215285, 1 female (CL 2.17 mm), station No.6227, 21 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Shen, 18 Oct. 1960; MBM215296, 1 female (CL 4.87 mm), station No.7904, 82 m, coarse sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 0 9 Oct. 1962; MBM215297, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.97 mm), station No.7305, 64 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 18 Oct. 1962; MBM215304, 1 male (CL 2.39 mm), station No.7402, coarse sandy bottom, 33 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 13 Oct. 1962; MBM215306, 1 male (CL 2.80 mm), station No.6277, muddy & sandy bottom, 35 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Shen, 19 Oct. 1960; MBM215307, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.85 mm), station No.7503, 51 m, coarse sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Jiang, 15 Apr. 1962; MBM215308, 1 male (CL 2.85 mm), 1 ovig (CL 3.57 mm), 2 females (CL 2.35, 3.09 mm), station No.7603, coarse sandy bottom, 43 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 11 Oct. 1962; MBM215309, 2 females (CL 2.61, 2.63 mm), 1 ovig. female (CL 4.04 mm), station No.7603, 44 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 18 Aug. 1962; MBM215310, 1 ovig (CL 3.8 8 mm), station No.7701, 32 m, fine sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 12 Jan. 1962; MBM215312, 1 male (CL 2.42 mm), station No.7503, 52 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Jiang, 22 Jun 1962; MBM215313, 1 male (CL 3.20 mm), station No.6249, muddy & sandy bottom, 30.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 13 Jul. 1960; MBM215317, 1 male (CL 3.34 mm), 1 ovig (CL 2.96 mm), station No.7603, coarse sandy bottom, 43 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 11 Oct. 1962; MBM215322, 1 ovig. female, station No.7701, shelly & sandy bottom, 28 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 11 Apr. 1962; MBM215323, 1 ovig. female (CL 4.51 mm), station No.6234, 30 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 21 Apr. 1960; MBM215328, 1 male (CL 3.58 mm), station No.7204, coarse sandy bottom, 46 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 29 Oct. 1962; MBM215329, 1 female (CL 4.89 mm), station No.6180, 40 m, coarse sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 8 Feb. 1960; MBM215332, 1 ovig. female(CL 4.36 mm), station No.6247, 31 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 15 Feb. 1960; MBM215336, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.25 mm), station No.6218, muddy & sandy bottom, 62 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Fan Zhengang, 0 4 Dec. 1959; MBM215344, 1 male (CL 3.03 mm), station No.6258, 26 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 15 Feb. 1960; MBM215347, 4 males (CL 2.67–3.73 mm), 1 ovig (CL 3.98 mm), station No.6277, 31.3 m, muddy fine sand, boat-402, Fan Zhengang, 17 May 1960; MBM215359, 3 males (CL 2.62–3.02 mm), 1 female (CL 2.68 mm), station No.7277, 31.3 m, muddy fine sand, coll. bottom trawl, boat-402, Fan Zhengang, 17 May 1960; MBM215360, 3 males (CL 2.09–2.62 mm), 3 females (CL 2.24–2.65 mm), station No.7304, 54 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 21 Jan. 1962; MBM215361, 2 females (CL 2.31, 2.43 mm), 1 male (CL 2.55 mm), station No.7603, 52 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 22 Aug. 1962; MBM215367, 1 male (CL 2.95 mm), station No.6276, muddy & sandy bottom, 28.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Fan Zhengang, 8 Feb. 1960; MBM215371, 1 female (CL 4.08 mm), station No.6248, 32 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat- Haidiao 20, Sun Fuzeng, 10 Dec. 1959; MBM215373, 1 ovig. female (CL 4.43 mm), station No.7603, 42 m, coarse sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 12 Jan. 1962; MBM215374, 1 male (CL 4.84 mm), station No.6249, 35 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 14 Apr. 1960; MBM215357, 1 female (CL 3.27 mm), station No.6243, muddy & sandy bottom, 93 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Ma Xiutong, 11 Dec. 1959; MBM215377, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.31 mm), station No.6282, 28 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Fan Zhengang and Ruan Wenkuo, 9 Jul. 1960; MBM215378, 1 male (CL 3.10 mm), 1 female (CL 2.44 mm), station No.6249, 31 m, sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Zhang Baolin, 17 Nov. 1960.

East China Sea: MBM215395, 1 male (CL 4.14 mm), station No.4084, moderately sandy bottom, 100 m, boat- 407, 0 8 Jan. 1959.

Comparative material examined. Lissoporcellana quadrilobata ( Miers, 1884) . Beibu Bay: MBM 210526, 2 males (CL 3.53, 5.18 mm), Station No.6250, shelly sand, 33.5 m, coll. boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 13 Apr. 1960; MBM215439, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.38 mm), 5 males (CL 1.93–3.87 mm), 3 females (CL 2.06–2.19 mm), boathanggong 1, Station No.6266, sandy & shelly bottom, 50.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, Fan Zhengang and Shen Shoupeng, 13 Jul. 1960; MBM215292, 7 males (CL 3.56–5.42 mm), 16 ovig. females (CL 3.29–8.42 mm), 4 females (CL 3.68–7.07 mm), boat-0010, Station No.6239, 63.3 m, sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, Fan Zhengang, 9 Dec. 1959; MBM215290, 3 ovig. females (CL 8.52–10.43 mm), boat-0010, Station No.7606, 60 m, coll. bottom trawl, 19 Aug. 1962; MBM215311, 1 male (CL 4.23 mm), Station No.7305, 64 m, sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 18 Oct. 1962; MBM215282, 6 males (CL 2.16–4.11 mm), 8 ovig. females (CL 2.23–5.12 mm), 1 female (CL 2.84 mm), Station No.7405, 60 m, coarse sand, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 14 Jan. 1962; MBM215284, 1 male (CL 5.79 mm), 1 ovig. female (CL 6.90 mm), Station No.6232, 87 m, sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Haidiao 10, Fan Zhengang and Ruan Wenkuo, 13 Feb. 1960; MBM215300, 3 males (CL 6.02–6.92 mm), 4 ovig. females (CL 6.28–8.78 mm), 1 female (CL 7.34 mm), Station No.6223, 30 m, sandy muddy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 20 May 1960; MBM188986, 1 male (CL 2.30 mm), 1 ovig. female (CL 3.49 mm), Station No.6277, 35 m, muddy fine sand, coll. boat-Hanggong 1, bottom trawl, Fan Zhengang, 9 Jul. 1960; MBM215293, 1 female (CL 3.82 mm), Station No.6276, 26 m, mudy fine sand, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong 1, Shen Shoupeng, 7 Jul. 1960; MBM215337, 1 ovig. female (CL 9.30 mm), station No.6239, muddy & sandy bottom, 57 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Haidiao10, Fan Zhengang, 4 Feb. 1960.

Lissoporcellana miyakei Haig, 1981 . Beibu Bay: MBM188987, 1 female (CL 3.84 mm), Station No.6240, 60 m, sandy mud, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Fan Zhengang and Na Ronghua, 6 Dec. 1959; MBM188990, 1 female (CL 2.85 mm), Station No.7802, 67 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 10 Apr. 1962; MBM215320, 1 ovig. female (CL 7.13 mm), Station No.6250, fine sand, 33 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 10 Apr. 1962; MBM215398, 1 male (CL 4.65 mm), sandy mud, 62 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010 & 6218, Fan Zhengang, 18 Apr. 1960; MBM215399, 1 male (CL 6.24 mm), 1 ovig. female (CL 5.58 mm), Station No.6251, sandy mud, 51 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong1, Shen Shoupeng, 9 Oct. 1960; MBM215400, 1 male (CL 4.42 mm), Station No.6239, 63.3 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Haidiao10, Fan Zhengang, 4 Dec. 1959; MBM215401, 1 ovig. female (CL 7.96 mm), Station No.6249, 35 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 14 Apr. 1960; MBM215402, 1 male (CL 6.83 mm), Station No.6250, shelly sand, 33.5 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 13 Apri. 1960; MBM215403, 1 ovig. female (CL 6.16 mm), 1 male (CL 6.62 mm), Station No.7404, shelly sand, 48 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 21 Aug. 1962; MBM215404, 1 male (CL 5.93 mm), Station No.6239, sandy mud, 64 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Fan Zhengang, 18 Apr. 1960; MBM215405, 1 ovig. female (CL 5.93 mm), 1 male (CL 6.64 mm), Station No.6251, sandy mud, 51 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-Hanggong1, Shen Shoupeng, 9 Oct. 1960; MBM215406, 1 ovig. female (CL 5.87mm), Station No.7405, 60 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Sun Fuzeng, 14 Jan. 1962; MBM215407, 1 male (CL 6.64mm), Station No.7404, 48 m, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, 21 Aug. 1962; MBM215327, 1 male (CL 6.56 mm), Station No.6250, 33 m, fine sand, coll. bottom trawl, boat-228, Sun Fuzeng, 9 Feb. 1960; MBM215362, 1 female (CL 6.09 mm), station No.6239, 64 m, muddy & sandy bottom, coll. bottom trawl, boat-0010, Fan Zhengang, 10 Apr. 1960.

Lissoporcellana spinuligera (Dana, 1853) . MBM 150484, 1 male (CL 4.92 mm), 1 female (CL 3.42 mm), Xiamei village, Lingao town, Hainan Province, 8 Apr. 1992; MBM 150478, 3 males (CL 2.83–5.48 mm), 3 ovig. females (CL 3.59–4.66 mm), Xingang village, Wenchang town, Hainan Province, in living coral, 1–3 m, coll. Liu, 26 Mar. 1992; MBM 150770, 1 female (CL 4.09 mm), dongtouzhou, Hainan Province, coll. Qi Zhongyan, 22 Apr. 1980; MBM 150898, 1 ovig. female (CL 3.89 mm), 8 males (CL 3.23–5.69 mm), 1 female (CL 5.08 mm), Nansha Islands, 1993 or 1994; MBM188973, 1 male (CL 3.81 mm), Zhuzailing village, Weizhou Island, Guangxi Province, 15 Apr. 1972; MBM189126, 2 males (CL 3.45, 4.70 mm), 4 ovig. females (CL 2.68–4.55 mm), Xinying town, coral reef, 26 Jul. 1957.

Description. Carapace ( Fig. 4 A) approximately ovate to rectangular longitudinally, as long as or slightly longer than broad (distinctly longer than broad in small individuals); posterior margin straight; dorsal surface transversely convex, with relatively long, transverse striae, entirely hairless or occasionally bearing plumose setae. Protogastric ridges conspicuous; cervical grooves shallow. Rostrum ( Fig. 4 B–D) broad, trilobate, produced anteriorly; median lobe distinctly exceeding to and as twice broad as lateral lobes, anterior margins denticulate, straight or weakly concave in dorsal view, and much more concave in small individuals, apex slightly deflexed, dorsal surface with shallow median rostral groove; lateral lobes each denticulate or spinulose on mesial margin.

Supra-ocular margins oblique, unarmed; outer orbital angles sharp, directing forward, with another sharp spine ventrally. Hepatic margins each armed with 1 strong, acute spine. Epibranchial corners somewhat projecting, minutely serrated on margins (or armed with several small spines in small individuals). Anterior branchial margins slightly converging immediately behind epibranchial corners; median branchial margins armed with 2 acute, subequal spines on each side. Pterygostomian flaps ( Fig. 4 E) entire, with longitudinal, wavy ridges on lower and posterior regions; anterior dorsal regions somewhat concave; anterior angles acute; anterior dorsal margins each armed with triangular, subacute tooth, just below second antennal peduncle. Third thoracic sternite ( Fig. 4 F) trilobate, median lobe with anterior margin broad, nearly straight, fringed with fine setae; lateral lobes slender, produced anteriorly. Fourth thoracic sternite ( Fig. 4 F) with anterior margin strongly concave; 2 submarginal ridges present along anterior margin, bearing fine setae.

Telson ( Fig. 4 G) composed of seven plates.

Eyes ( Fig. 4 H) large; ocular peduncles short.

Basal article of antennular peduncles ( Fig. 4 I) longer than broad; ventral surface with faint, transverse and short striae, median ridge bearing fine setae laterally; anterior margin armed with 3 acute spines, each located at ventromesial, dorsomesial and lateral corners (lateral spine shortest). Antennal peduncles ( Fig. 4 H) slender; first article immovable, strongly produced forward with projection reaching anterior margin of carapace, anterior end subacute; second article (first movable article) stout, anteriodistal angle somewhat produced; third article rectangular, anterior margin tuberculate or armed with 3 spinules; fourth article shortest.

Third maxilliped ( Fig. 4 J) relatively stout; with long plumose setae on dorsoflexor (mesial) margins of merus to dactylus. Coxa with median, longitudinal ridge on ventral surface. Basis rounded subtriangular. Ischium broad, subrectangular, distoflexor margin broadly rounded, proximoflexor margin straight and minutely crenulated; distoextensor projection narrow, acute; ventral surface with transverse or oblique striae. Merus with extensor margin nearly straight; flexor lobe subrectangular, distoflexor margin minutely serrated but without tooth or spinule; ventral surface transversely striate. Carpus with triangular projection on flexor margin, ventral surface with faint, longitudinal striae. Propodus slender, with faint striae on ventral surface. Dactylus short, subtriangular. Exopod with first article enlarged, distal margin distinctly serrated, with subacute flexor projection directing anteriomesially, covering part of ischium on ventral view; second article flattened, broadened proximally, slender on distal third, ventral surface with transverse striae; flagellum well developed.

Chelipeds ( Fig. 5 A–C) subequal in size, subcylindrical; larger cheliped somewhat robuster than smaller cheliped. Ischium with short spine dorsally on flexor margin. Merus unarmed marginally, dorsal surface with distinct transverse striae; distoflexor lobe broad, with distal margin crenulate or armed with tiny spinule; ventral surface ( Fig. 5 C) with short and long, transverse striae, ventrodistal margin armed with prominent spine on median part. Carpus 1.6–1.7 times as long as broad, extensor margin naked and unarmed entirely; dorsoflexor margin with 3 subacute teeth (rarely with additional small tooth on distal part), distal lobe produced, triangular (more broader and produced in larger cheliped), leaving obvious notch on dorsodistal margin; dorsodistal margin slightly sinuous, bearing several setae around extensor corner; dorsal surface smooth, with numerous interrupted, transverse striae; ventroflexor margin armed with acute spine submedially; ventral surface with transverse striae as on dorsal surface. Chela ( Fig. 5 D, E) elongated, 4.0–4.2 times as long as broad, subcylindrical to moderately compressed dorsoventrally, lying on ventro-extensor margin with chela plane twisted obliquely to carpus plane; extensor margin strongly denticulate (especially on distal half), bearing no or sparse fine setae; row of submarginal acute spines present dorsally along proximal half of extensor margin, usually more clear in chelipeds of small individuals and somewhat tuberculate, crest-like or even obsolescent in larger cheliped of large individuals; dorsoflexor margin inflate dorsoventrally, with longitudinal ridge entirely; dorsal surface smooth, with numerous, transverse striae, median longitudinal crest developed (more clear on smaller chela); ventral surface smooth, with transverse or oblique striae. Fixed finger (immovable finger) ( Fig. 5 F, G) with terminal claw bifurcate (smaller cheliped) or single (larger cheliped); dorsal and ventral surfaces with short striae. Dactylus (movable finger) ( Fig. 5 F, G) slightly twisted, opening obliquely to carpus plane, more slender in smaller cheliped (0.4–0.5 times as long as length of palm) than in larger cheliped (0.3 times as long as length of palm); dorso-extensor (posterior) margin strongly ridged longitudinally, with row of oblique rugae; dorsal surface with shallow, longitudinal groove along extensor margin. Cutting margins of smaller chela ( Fig. 5 F) each nearly straight entirely, unarmed; cutting margins of larger cheliped ( Fig. 5 G) each more obviously crenulated, armed with broad, blunt tooth medially on fixed finger, and with low, triangular tooth on median part or proximally to median part of dactylus. Dactylus and fixed finger hooked, crossing to each other distally, bearing dense short plumose (or fluffy) setae ventrally on cutting margins and on ventral basal region.

Ambulatory legs (first to third legs, second to fourth pereopods) ( Fig. 6 A–C) relatively stout, sizes subequal in first and second legs, somewhat smaller in third leg; extensor margin of each segment, except dactylus, bearing moderately long, simple setae. Meri subrectangular, 2.0–2.4 times as long as broad, compressed laterally; extensor margin unarmed but slightly crenulate; flexor margin generally smooth, except distal corner somewhat denticulate; lateral surface with distinct transverse rugae bearing sparse, long and simple setae (especially on third legs). Carpi relatively short, extensor margin with row of oblique rugae; disto-extensor corner armed with small spine, sometimes unarmed or with reduced tubercles on third legs; lateral surface with oblique rugae bearing few setae, and tufts of simple setae near distoflexor corner. Propodi subcylindrical, straight, moderately slender, 3.7–4.6 times as long as broad; flexor margin each with 5 or 6 (rarely 7) movable corneous spines including distal pair, proximalmost spine located on proximal 0.3–0.4, each spine usually with setae on base; distal margins unarmed, with a few or no simple setae; lateral surface with oblique rugae bearing a few setae. Dactyli terminating in single claw, extensor margin with scattered fine setae, flexor margin armed with 3 or 4 corneous spines, decreasing in size proximally, distal spine with base distinctly elevated.

Fifth pereopod ( Fig. 6 D) short, chelate; propodus with several curved simple setae and numerous stiff simple setae.

Male with pair of developed pleopods ( Fig. 6 E) modified as gonopods on second pleonal segment; endopod spoon-shaped, bearing marginal setae except proximal part; exopod small, naked. Female with pair of pleopods on each of second to fifth pleonal segments.

Coloration. In preservative, entirely white, no distinct markings present.

Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Dr. Johannes Govertus De Man for his first description of this species.

Habitat. Shore to 128 m deep; muddy, sandy or shelly sea bottoms.

Distribution. Tropical and subtropical area of west Pacific: East China Sea, Taiwan Strait, Beibu Bay, Hong Kong, Philippines, Java, Amboina Bay, Sunda Strait , and Kei Islands.

Remarks. Specimens of Lissoporcellana demani n. sp. of larger size resemble L. nitida ( Haswell, 1882) in having the median lobe of rostrum without or with indistinct notch on anterior margin. The new species can be distinguished from the latter by having the branchial margins of the carapace each armed with 2 spines, whereas L. nitida has branchial margins unarmed entirely ( Haig 1965). Lissoporcellana demani n. sp. is closely allied to L. quadrilobata , L. flagellicola Osawa & Fujita, 2005 and L. pectinata Haig, 1981 in having the extensor margins of the carpi of the chelipeds unarmed, the mesial margins of the lateral lobes of rostrum denticulate, and the ventroflexor margins of cheliped carpi each armed with a distinct spine. The smaller individuals of L. demani n. sp. might be easily confused with the three congeners as they all have the median lobe of rostrum deeply concave on anterior margin. The new species can be distinguished from the latter three by having the branchial margins of the carapace each always armed with 2 spines; the fixed finger of smaller chela terminally bifurcate; and, in larger individuals, the median lobe of the rostrum indistinctly concave on anterior margin. In the other three congeners, the branchial margins of the carapace are each armed with at least 3 spines; the fixed finger of the smaller chela is single-clawed; and the anterior margin of the median rostral lobe is always deeply concave forming a distinct notch ( Haig 1981; Osawa & Fujita 2005).

Lissoporcellana demani n. sp. has the first article of exopod of the third maxilliped remarkably produced concealing part of the ischium ventrally. This special character is also observed in L. quadrilobata , L. flagellicola , L. miyakei Haig, 1981 , L. nakasonei ( Miyake, 1978) and L. monodi Osawa, 2007 ( Osawa 1998; Osawa & Fujita 2005; Osawa 2007; Osawa & Kaji 2009) except in L. spinuligera (Dana, 1853) (we have no data of this character in other three Lissoporcellana species). Lissoporcellana spinuligera also has a relatively less produced median lobe of rostrum and the extensor margin of the carpus of cheliped armed with 3 spines. More studies might be needed to reveal the relationships between L. spinuligera and other congeners.

This new species was previously confused with P. streptochiroides (see Remarks of P. streptochiroides ). Besides the generic characters, L. demani n. sp. can be distinguished from the latter by having the weakly concave anterior margin of rostral median lobe; the anterior branchial margins converging posteriorly; the carpi of both chelipeds each armed with a small submedian spine on ventroflexor margin; smaller chela without gape between the fingers; and the extensor margin of smaller chela sparsely bearing fine, simple setae. In P. streptochiroides , the anterior margin of the median lobe is straight or slightly convex in the dorsal view; the branchial margins are slightly convex entirely; the carpi of both chelipeds are unarmed on the ventroflexor margins; the smaller chela has a narrow gap between the two fingers (especially in larger individuals); and the extensor margin of smaller chela has thick plumose setae.

De Man’s (1888) description corresponds well with the new species in all key characters, especially the concavity of the rostrum, the shape of the anterior branchial margins, and the armature of the median branchial margins. De Man’s illustration showed that the carapace of his specimen was marginally more elongate, about 1.08 times longer than broad; in comparison, the holotype of L. demani n. sp. is approximately 1.05 times longer than broad. We consider this difference as an intraspecific variation because the length-breadth ratio of the carapace is varying with the size; moreover, no other permanent difference was found. Therefore, we regard De Man’s specimens as referrable to L. demani n. sp. Haig’ (1992) illustration of L. streptochiroides showed that the specimen has the anterior branchial margins converging posteriorly, and the median branchial margins each armed with 2 spines. The same characters were also present in Osawa & Chan’s (2010) illustrations. Moreover, according to the latter authors’ description, the specimen has a very shallow concavity on the anterior margin of the median lobe of the rostrum, and the carpi of the chelipeds unarmed on the entire extensor margins. These characters agree well with those of L. demani n. sp., indicating that Haig’s and Osawa & Chan’s specimens belong to the new species rather than P. streptochiroides .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Lissoporcellana demani n. sp. Holotype, male, CL 4.71 mm, MBM 215335 (A, B, E – J); paratype, female, CL 3.37 mm, MBM 215274 (C); paratype, female, CL 2.81 mm, MBM 215356 (D). A, carapace, dorsal view; B – D, rostrum, dorsal view; E, left pterygostomian flap, lateral view; F, third and fourth thoracic sternite, ventral view (setae omitted of the third); G, telson, extensor view; H, left eye and antennal peduncle, dorsal view; I, basal article of left antennular peduncle, ventral view; J, left third maxilliped, ventral view (setae omitted). Scales 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 5. Lissoporcellana demani n. sp. Holotype, male, CL 4.71 mm, MBM 215335. A, smaller cheliped, dosal view; B, larger cheliped, dorsal view; C, smaller cheliped, ventral view; D, smaller chela, dorsal view; E, larger chela, dorsal view; F, dactylus of smaller chela, dorsal view; G, dactylus of larger chela, dorsal view. Scales 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 6. Lissoporcellana demani n. sp. Paratype, male CL 3.94 mm, MBM 215331 (A – C); holotype, male, CL 4.71 mm, MBM 215335 (D, E). A, left first ambulatory leg, lateral view; B, left second ambulatory leg, lateral view; C, left third ambulatory leg, lateral view; D, left fifth pereopod, dorsal view; E, right pleopod on second abdominal segment, mesial view. Scales 1.0 mm.