Encyclia ionosma (Lindl.) Schlechter (1915: 209)

Bastos, Cláudia A., Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. & Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Encyclia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Epidendreae), Phytotaxa 342 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

21. Encyclia ionosma (Lindl.) Schlechter (1915: 209) . Basionym: Epidendrum ionosmum Lindley (1838: 49) .

Type:―no locality, no date, no collector (lectotype designated by Bastos et al. (2015): K-L, flower deposited in the envelope number 1 of the specimen with illustration and identification of Epidendrum ionosmum by Lindley) ( Figs.

14, 25H ).

Heterotypic synonyms:

Encyclia euosma (Rchb.f.) Porto & Brade (1935: 29). Basionym: Epidendrum euosmum Reichenbach (1877: 79) Type:― BRAZIL. No locality, no date, Blunt s.n. (holotype: W-R 24644!).

Encyclia flabellifera Hoehne & Schlechter (1926: 246) . Type:― BRAZIL. São Paulo: São Paulo, November 1917, Luederwaldt s.n. (lectotype designated by Barros 2004: isotypes: SP 936!, HB 19620 !).

Epiphytic herbs, 14.0−29.0 cm tall. Pseudobulbs conical, 2.0−3.0 × 0, 8 cm. Leaves 2, oblanceolate to oblong, 10.5−25.8 × 0.6−1.0 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence a 3−8-flowered simple or weakly compound raceme; peduncle 11.2−29.2 cm long; rachis 4.6−7.3 cm long. Floral pedicel 2.6 × 0.2 cm, warty; sepals brownish yellow, dorsal lanceolate, 1.9 × 0.8 cm, laterals lanceolate, 1.9 × 0.8 cm, pendent, margin entire, apex mucronate; petals brownish yellow, spatulate, 1.7 × 0.8 cm, pendent, margin entire, apex mucronate; lip with claw 0.3 × 0.2 cm, lateral lobes free relative to falcate midlobe, 1.1 × 0.4 cm, yellow, at a ˂45° angle to the midlobe (in the flattened lip), not overlapping it, margin undulate apically, apex obtuse, midlobe rounded, 0.8 × 0.9 cm, yellow with white centre and pinkish streaks, sinuous, margin undulate, apex emarginate, callus cymbiform, flabellate; column clavate, 0.9 × 0.4 cm, clinandrium apex tridentate, lateral teeth horn-like, apex premorse, arms of the column elliptic, 0.2 × 0.1 cm, apex obtuse; stigma triangular, with basal hooks; anther one, yellow, 0.20 × 0.25 cm.

Distribution and habitat:— Occurring only in the southeast ( Fig. 13 ).

Phenology:— Flowering October–July.

Etymology:— A reference to the intense floral odour.

Taxonomic notes:— There has been great confusion in application of the name E. ionosma , often mistakenly assigned to specimens from the north and French Guyana ( Sambin & Chiron 2015). These specimens correspond instead to E. granitica . This scenario has been explained in detail by Bastos et al. (2015), who also confirmed E. euosma as a synonym of E. ionosma after taking into account the types.

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Domingos Martins , 27 May 1976, Machado 15 ( HB) ; Santa Leopoldina, banks of the Prata River near Santo Antônio , 100 m, 24 February 1966, Kautsky 93-A ( HB) . Rio de Janeiro: Nova Friburgo, no date, Toscano et al. 660 ( RB) ; Paraty , 75 m, 25 November 1990, Farney et al. 2536 ( RB, UB) ; Petrópolis, 4 Km from Nogueira near Itaipava, 12 October 1974, Mello s.n. ( HB 63005 ) ; Teresópolis, Lua dos Agais National Park , 950 m, 29 December 1912, Vidal 4868 ( R) . São Paulo: Mogi das Cruzes, Serra do Mar , 900 m, 2 October 1967, no collector ( ESA 27063 ) ; Santo André, Serra Paranapiacaba, December 1968, Handro s.n. ( HB 42337 ) . No locality: from a cultivated plant, 14 October 2009, Bastos 305 ( HUEFS) .

Figures

FIGURE 13. Distribution in Brazil of Encyclia gonzallezii, E. granitica, E. ionosma, E. jenischiana, E. joaosaiana, E. linearifolioides and E. mapuerae.

FIGURE 14. A−G. Encyclia gonzalezii. A. Dorsal sepal. B. Lateral sepals. C. Petal. D. Lip. E. Detail of lip callus. F. Column front view. G. Column side view (Bastos 298). H−P.Enyclia granitica. H. Inflorescence. I. Dorsal sepal. J. Lateral sepals. K. Petal. L. Lip. M. Detail of lip callus. N. Column front view. O. Column side view (Lima 6). P. Variation in the lip (Pena 502). Q. Variation in the lip (Rodrigues 207). R−W. Encyclia ionosma. R. Dorsal sepal. S. Lateral sepals. T. Petal. U. Lip. V. Column front view. W. Column side view (Bastos 305). Illustration by Carla de Lima.

FIGURE 25. A. Encyclia dichroma. B. Encyclia duveenii. C. Encyclia fimbriata. D. Encyclia fowliei. E. Encyclia gallopavina. F.Encyclia gonzalezii. G. Encyclia granitica. H. Encyclia ionosma. I. Encyclia jenischiana. J. Encyclia linearifolioides. K. Encyclia mapuerae. L. Encyclia oliveirana. (Photographers: A−B, D, F−L: C. van den Berg. C: R. V. Leitão. E: A. Peres Júnior).