Encyclia mapuerae (Huber) Brade & Pabst (1951: 116)

Bastos, Cláudia A., Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. & Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Encyclia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Epidendreae), Phytotaxa 342 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

25. Encyclia mapuerae (Huber) Brade & Pabst (1951: 116) . Basionym: Epidendrum mapuerae Huber (1909: 329) . Type:― BRAZIL. Pará: Rio Mapuera, Taboleirinho, 12 December 1907, Ducke 9115 (holotype: MG, never located); neotype:― BRAZIL. Pará: Belém, 14 October 1957, Pereira 3302 (RB 101645!; designated by Bastos et al. 2015) ( Figs. 15 , 25K ). Heterotypic synonym: Encyclia tarumana Schlechter (1925: 106) . Epidendrum tarumanum (Schltr.) Hawkes (1956: 173) . Type:― BRAZIL. Amazonas:

“Taruma-Campinas”, September, Hübner 188 (holotype: B†, destroyed); neotype:― BRAZIL. Amazonas : Manaus, 22 September

1977, Ribamar & Ramos 366 (INPA 73412!; designated by Bastos et al. 2015).

Epiphytic or terrestrial herbs, 23.0− 34.3 cm tall. Pseudobulbs conical, 7.0−7.7 × 0.8−1.5 cm. Leaves 2−3, oblanceolate to lanceolate, 14.0 × 0.9 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence a 4−10-flowered, simple raceme; peduncle 31.5−33.0 cm long; rachis 9.0− 24.2 cm long. Floral pedicel 2.0−2.8 × 0.3 cm, warty; sepals yellowish, dorsal lanceolate, 1.8−3.0 × 0.5 cm, laterals lanceolate, 1.9−3.0 × 0.5−0.6 cm, pendent, margin entire, apex acute; petals yellowish, lanceolate, 1.8−2.5 × 0.5−0.7 cm, pendent, margin undulate, apex acute; lip with claw 0.1−0.2 × 0.3−0.4 cm, lateral lobes free relative to midlobe, 0.7−1.2 × 0.4−0.7 cm, yellowish, at an angle ˂45° to midlobe (in the flattened lip), not overlapping it, margin entire, apex obtuse, midlobe oval to elliptic, 0.8−1.5 × 0.6−1.2 cm, white with few pink traces, sinuous, margin undulate, apex obtuse to mucronate, callus cymbiform, trifid; column clavate, 0.9−1.4 × 0.3−0.4 cm, clinandrium apex tridentate, lateral teeth horn-like, apex premorse, arms of the column elliptic, 0.15−0.2 × 0.1 cm, apex obtuse; stigma triangular, with basal hooks; anther one, yellowish, 0.25−0.30 × 0.20 cm.

Distribution and habitat:— Endemic to the north and central west in cerrado and Amazonian Rainforest, typical of vegetation on sandy soils called campinarana ( Fig. 13 ).

Phenology:— Flowering July–April.

Etymology:— In reference to the original location of the type, Rio Mapuera.

Taxonomic notes:— The lip of E. xerophytica resembles that of E. mapuerae , especially in the lateral lobes forming an angle at <45° relative to the midlobe (in the flattened lip) as well as the trifid callus. However, E. mapuerae has yellowish sepals and petals and a white midlobe with a few pink stripes. In E. xerophytica the sepals and petals are yellowish to greenish with brown blotches, and both the lateral lobes and midlobe of the lip are densely striped with pink, the latter with a white border. Synonymization of E. tarumana under E. mapuerae was proposed by Bastos et al (2015), who also proposed neotypes for both.

Selected specimens examined: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Iranduba, road to Novo Airão , 16 January 2002, Salles et al. 2502 ( HEPH) ; Itacoatiara, Campina do Igarapé do Leão , 100 m, 16 October 1967, no collector ( ESA 29034 ) ; Lábrea, Purus River , 29 October 1968, Prance et al. 8055 ( INPA) ; Manaus, Jaradá Lake , 5 August 1991, Mori & Gracie 21922 ( INPA) ; São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Uaupés River , 1959, Vieira s.n. ( IAN 113158 ) . Mato Grosso do Sul: Campo Grande, Verde River , no date, van den Berg 2160 ( HUEFS) . Pará: Faro, Flota de Faro , 17 January 2008, Rocha 875 ( MG) ; Oriximiná, Mapuera River , 25 November 1987, Ferreira 9689 ( INPA, RB) ; Paraupebas , Serra dos Carajás, 24 April 1958, Sernira 58282 ( HB, INPA) ; Prainha , 13 July 1976, Mota s.n. ( INPA, MG) . Rondônia: Ariquemes, BR 421, Km 72, 10 July 1983, Miranda et al. 282 ( INPA) ; Serra Murales , 14 July 1968, Prance et al. 6026 ( HB, INPA, K, MG, R) . COLOMBIA. Vichada, San Borja Stream , 17 March 1971, Pinto & Sastre 1215 ( P) . FRENCH GUIANA. Nauragues Mountains , 8 March 1989, Sarthou 473 ( P) .

Figures

FIGURE 13. Distribution in Brazil of Encyclia gonzallezii, E. granitica, E. ionosma, E. jenischiana, E. joaosaiana, E. linearifolioides and E. mapuerae.

FIGURE 15. A−G. Encyclia jenischiana. A. Dorsal sepal. B. Lateral sepals. C. Petal. D. Lip. E. Detail of lip callus. F. Column front view. G. Column side view (Almeida & van den Berg 4). H−O. Encyclia joaosaiana. H. Dorsal sepal. I. Lateral sepals. J. Petal. K. Lip. L. Detail of lip callus. M. Column front view. N. Column side view (Sá EB 153). O−W.Encyclia linearifolioides. O. Habit. P. Dorsal sepal. Q. Lateral sepals. R. Petal. S. Lip. T. Detail of lip callus. U. Column front view. V. Column side view (Bastos 302). W. Variation in the lip (Hoehne 935). X−E’. Encyclia mapuerae. X. Dorsal sepal. Y. Lateral sepals. Z. Petal. A’. Lip. B’. Detail lip callus. C’. Column front view. D’. Column side view (Bastos 299). E’. Variation in the lip (Bastos 285). Illustration by Carla de Lima.

FIGURE 25. A. Encyclia dichroma. B. Encyclia duveenii. C. Encyclia fimbriata. D. Encyclia fowliei. E. Encyclia gallopavina. F.Encyclia gonzalezii. G. Encyclia granitica. H. Encyclia ionosma. I. Encyclia jenischiana. J. Encyclia linearifolioides. K. Encyclia mapuerae. L. Encyclia oliveirana. (Photographers: A−B, D, F−L: C. van den Berg. C: R. V. Leitão. E: A. Peres Júnior).