Encyclia fowliei Duveen (1990: 38)

Bastos, Cláudia A., Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. & Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Encyclia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Epidendreae), Phytotaxa 342 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

17. Encyclia fowliei Duveen (1990: 38) . Type :— BRAZIL. Bahia: between Una and Ilhéus, no specific locality, no date, FDR 88B1 (holotype: UC!) ( Figs. 12 , 25D ) .

Heterotypic synonym:

Encyclia bahiensis Menezes (1989: 55) , nom. inval. Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Itapetinga , no locality, November 1989, no collector (holotype: not designated).

Epiphytic herbs, 27.0−30.0 cm tall. Pseudobulbs ovoid to globose, 2.0−3.0 × 1.5−2.2 cm. Leaves 1−2, oblanceolate, 14.0−32.0 × 1.5−2.0 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence a densely 2−15-flowered, compound raceme; peduncle 15.0 cm long; rachis 8.0 cm long. Floral pedicel c. 2.0 × 0.2 cm; sepals brownish yellow, dorsal lanceolate to spathulate, 2.2−2.5 × 0.7−1.1 cm, laterals lanceolate to spatulate, 2.0−2.3 × 0.7−1.1 cm, pendent, margin undulate, apex mucronate; petals brownish yellow, spatulate, 2.1−2.4 × 1.5−1.9 cm, pendent, margin undulate, apex mucronate; lip with claw 0.2−0.3 × 0.2 cm, lateral lobes free relative to midlobe, 0.6−0.7 × 0.5 cm, pink, at a ˂45° angle to the midlobe (in the flattened lip), not overlapping it, margin entire, apex obtuse, midlobe reniform, 0.5−0.6 × 0.8 cm, pink with yellowish apex, conduplicate, margin undulate, apex obtuse, callus cymbiform, flabellate; column dolabriform, 0.9−1.0 × 0.3−0.4 cm, clinandrium apex tridentate, lateral teeth triangular, apex acute, arms of the column quadrate, 0.10 × 0.10−0.15 cm, apex obtuse; stigma elliptic, with basal hooks; anther one, reddish, 0.2 × 0.2 cm.

Distribution and habitat:— Endemic in Atlantic Forest, recorded from only Bahia ( Fig. 10 ).

Phenology:— Flowering October–May.

Etymology:— In honour of the collector of the type, J. A. Fowlie.

Taxonomic notes:— Encyclia fowliei is similar to E. gallopavina , but differs in its reniform midlobe (obcordate in E. gallopavina ) and triangular lateral teeth of the clinandrium (horn-like in E. gallopavina )

For this species, we could not find herbarium material with precise location data, not even the type material. All specimens examined (see below), including the type, were from cultivated material purchased in the trade. The original description mentions only that it occurs near streams in the coast in the central part of the Bahian coast, between Una and Ilhéus. The material from Itororó in Bahia collected by Silva and associated with the holotype ( UCLA FDR 88 B1 ) by Castro Neto & Campacci (2000) is not the same species. Despite this paucity of materials, it is a species widely cultivated by orchid growers and available in the orchid trade (Bastos et al. 2016) .

Encyclia bahiensis , although published earlier than E. fowliei , is invalid because a type was not designated. The author stated that because the dried material was too “deficient” to be preserved and the picture in the article should be considered a lectotype, a proposition not permitted by the rules of the Code (Bastos et al. 2016).

Selected specimens examined: BRAZIL. Bahia: no locality , 10 December 2010, Bastos 322 ( HUEFS) ; 14 October 2009, Bastos 307 ( HUEFS) ; May 1896, Brien s.n. ( K) .

Figures

FIGURE 10. Distribution in Brazil of Encyclia cyperifolia, E. dichroma, E. duveenii, E. fimbriata, E. fowlie and E. gallopavina.

FIGURE 12. A−I. Encyclia fimbriata. A. Habit. B. Dorsal sepal. C. Lateral sepals. D. Petal. E. Lip. F. Detail of the midlobe fringe. G. Detail of lip callus. H. Column front view. I. Column side view (Thomas et al. 14604). J−P.Encyclia fowliei. J. Dorsal sepal. K. Lateral sepals. L. Petal. M. Lip. N. Detail of lip callus. O. Column front view. P. Column side view (Bastos 322). Q−W.Encyclia gallopavina. Q. Dorsal sepal. R. Lateral sepals. S. Petal. T. Lip. U. Detail of lip callus. V.Column front view. W. Column side view (Mazzini 5). Illustration by Carla de Lima.

FIGURE 25. A. Encyclia dichroma. B. Encyclia duveenii. C. Encyclia fimbriata. D. Encyclia fowliei. E. Encyclia gallopavina. F.Encyclia gonzalezii. G. Encyclia granitica. H. Encyclia ionosma. I. Encyclia jenischiana. J. Encyclia linearifolioides. K. Encyclia mapuerae. L. Encyclia oliveirana. (Photographers: A−B, D, F−L: C. van den Berg. C: R. V. Leitão. E: A. Peres Júnior).