BERBERIDACEAE

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1964, Flora Europaea - Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press : 244

LXIII. BERBERIDACEAE 1

Shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate or basal. Flowers hermaphrodite, 3-(rarely 2-)merous. Perianth-segments 6-9, in 3 or 4 whorls, at least the inner ones petaloid; honey-leaves 4-6, petaloid or nectariform. Stamens 4-6, opposite the honey-leaves; anthers dehiscing by apically-hinged valves. Carpel solitary, superior. 1 Herbs; fruit dry 2 Stamens4; ovules numerous,on2 lateralplacentae

4. Epimedium 2 Stamens6; ovules2 -8,ona basalplacenta 3 Leavesall basal; honey-leavesflat, petaloid 3. Bongardia 3 Stem± leafy;honey-leavessmall,convolute 4 Several cauline leaves on each stem, most of them with an axillary raceme; fruit 25-40 mm 1. Leontice 4 Each flowering stem with a single cauline leaf and raceme;

fruit c. 5 mm 2. Gymnospermium 1 Shrubs; fruit a berry 5 Leaves simple 5. Berberis 5 Leaves pinnate 6. Mahonia