Rhopalosiphum padi

Haq, Anisa, Murad, Waheed & Ahmad, Sarir, 2023, The impact of wheat resistance and bio-rational insecticides toxicity against cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Turkish Journal of Zoology 47, pp. 10-19 : 12-14

3.1. Population dynamics of Rhopalosiphum padi on three different wheat varieties under field conditions for the growing season of 2017/18

Comparing means for varieties suggest that the comparatively more resistant variety was Pirsabak-08

(1.34 aphids) followed by Aas-11 (8.91 aphids). The most infested variety was Faisalabad-2008 (11.96 aphids), as shown in Table 4.

Comparing means of different time intervals revealed that the infestation of R. padi was initially mild until December. The R. padi infestation started to build up from January until the 2nd week of March. Onwards, a peak of R. padi (23.03 aphids/plant) was recorded on March 1 week. The population R. padi vanished towards the end of the growing season in April, as shown in Table 4.

The interaction among all the varieties and different time intervals varied significantly at p = 0.05%, as shown in Table 4. Initially, the time intervals in January were low on all three tested varieties. The means of interaction for weeks and varieties started to increase in February and spiked in March. A highly significant interaction was observed in Faisalabad-2008 on March 1st, February 4th, and March 2nd week (27.4 aphids/plant), respectively. A peak R. padi population on Aas-11 was recorded on March 1st and the second week (28.0 and 27.0 aphids/plant), respectively. A peak of R. padi population (3.60 aphids/ plant) on Pirsabak-08 was recorded on March 1st week, as

shown in Table 4. 3.2. Population dynamics of Rhopalosiphum padi on

three different wheat varieties under field conditions for the growing season of 2018/19

Comparing means for varieties suggest that the comparatively more resistant variety was Pirsabak-08 (1.41 aphids/plant) followed by Aas-11 (8.73 aphids/plant). The most infested variety was Faisalabad-2008 (11.37 aphids/ plant), as shown in Table 5.

Comparing means of different time intervals revealed that the same pattern was witnessed in the previous year (2017/18). Initially, the infestation of R. padi was mild until December. The R. Padi infestation started to build up from January until the 2nd week of March. Onwards, a peak of R. padi (25.32 aphids/plant) was recorded on March 1st week. The population R. padi vanished towards the end of the growing season in April, as shown in Table 5. The interaction among all the varieties and different time intervals varied significantly at p = 0.05%, as shown in Table 4. Initially, the time intervals in December Each value is the mean of five replications

*Mean followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at p = 0.05

LSD for weeks = 0.84

LSD for the interaction of varieties × weeks = 1.70

LSD for varieties = 0.24

Each value is the mean of five replications

*Mean followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at p = 0.05

LSD for weeks = 0.27

LSD for the interaction of varieties × weeks = 0.56

LSD for varieties = 0.08

till January 3rd week were below one aphid/plant on Pirsabak-08. The mean interaction of weeks and varieties was below one aphid/plant for Faisalabad = 08 and Aas- 11 in December. However, the mean for both the varieties spiked from January and reached to peak (38.2 aphids/ plant on Faisalabad-08 and 33.7 aphids/pant on Aas-11, respectively). A peak of R. padi population (4.0 aphids/ plant) on Pirsabak-08 was recorded on March 1st week, as shown in Table 5.